SpringBoot使用Junit单元测试

配置Springboot的运行环境，并且在Springboot环境下进行Junit单元测试

1.首先创建一个Maven项目。然后在pom中加入如下的依赖：

<parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>1.4.4.RELEASE</version>
    </parent>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

2.创建一个Springboot的启动类

package com.example;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;

@SpringBootApplication
public class Demo {
    public static void main(String[] args) {

        SpringApplication.run(Demo.class, args);

    }
}

运行这个main函数，如果出现以下信息，则最基本的Springboot的环境就搭建完成了

F:\Java\bin\java.exe -XX:TieredStopAtLevel=1 -noverify -Dspring.output.ansi.enabled=always -Dcom.sun.management.jmxremote -Dspring.jmx.enabled=true -Dspring.liveBeansView.mbeanDomain -Dspring.application.admin.enabled=true "-javaagent:F:\IDEA\IntelliJ IDEA 2019.1.3\lib\idea_rt.jar=58114:F:\IDEA\IntelliJ IDEA 2019.1.3\bin" -Dfile.encoding=UTF-8 -classpath F:\Java\jre\lib\charsets.jar;F:\Java\jre\lib\deploy.jar;F:\Java\jre\lib\ext\access-bridge-64.jar;F:\Java\jre\lib\ext\cldrdata.jar;F:\Java\jre\lib\ext\dnsns.jar;F:\Java\jre\lib\ext\jaccess.jar;F:\Java\jre\lib\ext\jfxrt.jar;F:\Java\jre\lib\ext\localedata.jar;F:\Java\jre\lib\ext\nashorn.jar;F:\Java\jre\lib\ext\sunec.jar;F:\Java\jre\lib\ext\sunjce_provider.jar;F:\Java\jre\lib\ext\sunmscapi.jar;F:\Java\jre\lib\ext\sunpkcs11.jar;F:\Java\jre\lib\ext\zipfs.jar;F:\Java\jre\lib\javaws.jar;F:\Java\jre\lib\jce.jar;F:\Java\jre\lib\jfr.jar;F:\Java\jre\lib\jfxswt.jar;F:\Java\jre\lib\jsse.jar;F:\Java\jre\lib\management-agent.jar;F:\Java\jre\lib\plugin.jar;F:\Java\jre\lib\resources.jar;F:\Java\jre\lib\rt.jar;G:\IDEAworkspace\projects\daughter\target\classes;F:\Maven\res\org\springframework\boot\spring-boot-starter-web\1.4.4.RELEASE\spring-boot-starter-web-1.4.4.RELEASE.jar;F:\Maven\res\org\springframework\boot\spring-boot-starter\1.4.4.RELEASE\spring-boot-starter-1.4.4.RELEASE.jar;F:\Maven\res\org\springframework\boot\spring-boot\1.4.4.RELEASE\spring-boot-1.4.4.RELEASE.jar;F:\Maven\res\org\springframework\boot\spring-boot-autoconfigure\1.4.4.RELEASE\spring-boot-autoconfigure-1.4.4.RELEASE.jar;F:\Maven\res\org\springframework\boot\spring-boot-starter-logging\1.4.4.RELEASE\spring-boot-starter-logging-1.4.4.RELEASE.jar;F:\Maven\res\ch\qos\logback\logback-classic\1.1.9\logback-classic-1.1.9.jar;F:\Maven\res\ch\qos\logback\logback-core\1.1.9\logback-core-1.1.9.jar;F:\Maven\res\org\slf4j\slf4j-api\1.7.22\slf4j-api-1.7.22.jar;F:\Maven\res\org\slf4j\jcl-over-slf4j\1.7.22\jcl-over-slf4j-1.7.22.jar;F:\Maven\res\org\slf4j\jul-to-slf4j\1.7.22\jul-to-slf4j-1.7.22.jar;F:\Maven\res\org\slf4j\log4j-over-slf4j\1.7.22\log4j-over-slf4j-1.7.22.jar;F:\Maven\res\org\springframework\spring-core\4.3.6.RELEASE\spring-core-4.3.6.RELEASE.jar;F:\Maven\res\org\yaml\snakeyaml\1.17\snakeyaml-1.17.jar;F:\Maven\res\org\springframework\boot\spring-boot-starter-tomcat\1.4.4.RELEASE\spring-boot-starter-tomcat-1.4.4.RELEASE.jar;F:\Maven\res\org\apache\tomcat\embed\tomcat-embed-core\8.5.11\tomcat-embed-core-8.5.11.jar;F:\Maven\res\org\apache\tomcat\embed\tomcat-embed-el\8.5.11\tomcat-embed-el-8.5.11.jar;F:\Maven\res\org\apache\tomcat\embed\tomcat-embed-websocket\8.5.11\tomcat-embed-websocket-8.5.11.jar;F:\Maven\res\org\hibernate\hibernate-validator\5.2.4.Final\hibernate-validator-5.2.4.Final.jar;F:\Maven\res\javax\validation\validation-api\1.1.0.Final\validation-api-1.1.0.Final.jar;F:\Maven\res\org\jboss\logging\jboss-logging\3.3.0.Final\jboss-logging-3.3.0.Final.jar;F:\Maven\res\com\fasterxml\classmate\1.3.3\classmate-1.3.3.jar;F:\Maven\res\com\fasterxml\jackson\core\jackson-databind\2.8.6\jackson-databind-2.8.6.jar;F:\Maven\res\com\fasterxml\jackson\core\jackson-annotations\2.8.6\jackson-annotations-2.8.6.jar;F:\Maven\res\com\fasterxml\jackson\core\jackson-core\2.8.6\jackson-core-2.8.6.jar;F:\Maven\res\org\springframework\spring-web\4.3.6.RELEASE\spring-web-4.3.6.RELEASE.jar;F:\Maven\res\org\springframework\spring-aop\4.3.6.RELEASE\spring-aop-4.3.6.RELEASE.jar;F:\Maven\res\org\springframework\spring-beans\4.3.6.RELEASE\spring-beans-4.3.6.RELEASE.jar;F:\Maven\res\org\springframework\spring-context\4.3.6.RELEASE\spring-context-4.3.6.RELEASE.jar;F:\Maven\res\org\springframework\spring-webmvc\4.3.6.RELEASE\spring-webmvc-4.3.6.RELEASE.jar;F:\Maven\res\org\springframework\spring-expression\4.3.6.RELEASE\spring-expression-4.3.6.RELEASE.jar com.example.Demo

  .   ____          _            __ _ _
 /\\ / ___'_ __ _ _(_)_ __  __ _ \ \ \ \
( ( )\___ | '_ | '_| | '_ \/ _` | \ \ \ \
 \\/  ___)| |_)| | | | | || (_| |  ) ) ) )
  '  |____| .__|_| |_|_| |_\__, | / / / /
 =========|_|==============|___/=/_/_/_/
 :: Spring Boot ::        (v1.4.4.RELEASE)
...省略了其他信息...

3.接下来配置SpringBoot下的Junit测试环境：

首先需要导入依赖：

		<dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
        </dependency>

然后创建一个测试类，这里注意要把测试类的文件夹设置为Test Souce Root如图所示：

然后编写一个测试类：

@RunWith(JUnit4.class)
@SpringBootTest
public class TestDemo {

    @Test
    public void Demo(){
        System.out.println("SpringBoot test Junit！");
    }
}

只需要使用@RunWith(JUnit4.class)和@SpringBootTest注解在类上就可以完成配置，其中前面一个注解是指定什么来运行测试。
最终结果图：