Android连载3-定制ListView的界面、性能优化以及绑定点击事件

一、订制ListView的界面
1.先建立一个Fruit水果类

package com.example.listviewtest;


public class Fruit {
  private String name;
  
  private int imageId;
  
  public Fruit(String name,int imageId) {
    this.name=name;
    this.imageId = imageId;
  }
  public String getName() {
    return name;
  }
  public int getImageId() {
    return imageId;
    
  }
}

2.然后建立一个展示水果的LayOut文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical" >
    
<ImageView
    android:id="@+id/fruit_image"
    android:layout_width="wrap_content"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content" />

<TextView
    android:id="@+id/fruit_name"
    android:layout_width="wrap_content"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:layout_gravity="center"
    android:layout_marginLeft="10dip" />
    
</LinearLayout>

然后新建一个FruitAdapter适配器，来继承ArrayAdapter

package com.example.listviewtest;
import android.widget.ArrayAdapter;
import android.widget.ImageView;
import android.widget.TextView;
import android.content.Context;
import java.util.List;

import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;


public class FruitAdapter extends ArrayAdapter<Fruit> {
  
  private int resourceId;
  
  public FruitAdapter(Context context,int textViewResourceId,List<Fruit> objects) {
    super(context,textViewResourceId,objects);
    resourceId = textViewResourceId;
  }
  
  @Override
  public View getView(int position,View convertView,ViewGroup parent) {
    Fruit fruit = getItem(position);//获取当前项的Fruit实例
    View view = LayoutInflater.from(getContext()).inflate(resourceId,null);
    ImageView fruitImage = (ImageView) view.findViewById(R.id.fruit_image);
    TextView fruitName = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.fruit_name);
    fruitImage.setImageResource(fruit.getImageId());
    fruitName.setText(fruit.getName());
    return view;
    
  }
}

最后我们完善我们的主程序

package com.example.listviewtest;

import java.util.List;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.Menu;
import android.view.MenuItem;
import android.widget.ArrayAdapter;
import android.widget.ListView;
import java.util.*;
//import java.lang.ArrayAdapter;

public class MainActivity extends Activity {
  
  private List<Fruit> fruitList = new ArrayList<Fruit>();
  
//  private String[] data = {"Apple","Banana","Orange","Watermelon","Pear","Grape","Pineapple","Strawberry","Cherry"};
  
  @Override
  protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
    super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
    setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
    
    initFruits();//初始化水果数据
    FruitAdapter adapter = new FruitAdapter(MainActivity.this,R.layout.fruit_item,fruitList);
    
//    ArrayAdapter<String> adapter = new ArrayAdapter<String>(
//        MainActivity.this,android.R.layout.simple_list_item_1,data);
    ListView listView = (ListView) findViewById(R.id.list_view);
    listView.setAdapter(adapter);
    
  }
  private void initFruits() {
    Fruit apple = new Fruit("Apple",R.drawable.apple_pic);
    fruitList.add(apple);
    Fruit banana = new Fruit("Banana",R.drawable.banana_pic);
    fruitList.add(banana);
    Fruit orange =new Fruit("Orange",R.drawable.orange_pic);
    fruitList.add(orange);
        
  }
}

这样运行我们的代码，得到如下的结果

二、提升ListView的运行效率
1.我们通过下面的注释内容可以看出，这一段代码的重构，可以将画面的流畅程度提升，以及缓存一个ViewHolder对象就可以大幅度提升运行速度。

package com.example.listviewtest;
import android.widget.ArrayAdapter;
import android.widget.ImageView;
import android.widget.TextView;
import android.content.Context;
import java.util.List;

import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;


public class FruitAdapter extends ArrayAdapter<Fruit> {
  
  
  
  private int resourceId;
  
  public FruitAdapter(Context context,int textViewResourceId,List<Fruit> objects) {
    super(context,textViewResourceId,objects);
    resourceId = textViewResourceId;
  }
  
  @Override
  public View getView(int position,View convertView,ViewGroup parent) {
    Fruit fruit = getItem(position);//获取当前项的Fruit实例
//    View view = LayoutInflater.from(getContext()).inflate(resourceId,null);
    //上面我们注释掉一个View实例，我们下一行先初始化一个View实例
    View view;
    ViewHolder viewHolder;
    if(convertView == null) {//如果这个View不存在的话，我们就直接建一个View
      view = LayoutInflater.from(getContext()).inflate(resourceId,null);
      viewHolder = new ViewHolder();
      viewHolder.fruitImage = (ImageView) view.findViewById(R.id.fruit_image);
      viewHolder.fruitName = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.fruit_name);
      view.setTag(viewHolder);//将ViewHolder存储在View中
      
    }else {
      view = convertView;//如果View已经存在了，那么我们就复用已经存在了的View,这样就可以避免再次重新生成View,节省了运行时间
      viewHolder = (ViewHolder) view.getTag();//调用getTag方法，把ViewHolder重新取出。
    }
    //这里我们建立了一个内部类，用来存储已经生成了的fruitImage和fruieName的实例，就省的每次都需要通过findViewById的方法，来去内存中查找目标实例
    viewHolder.fruitImage.setImageResource(fruit.getImageId());
    viewHolder.fruitName.setText(fruit.getName());

//    ImageView fruitImage = (ImageView) view.findViewById(R.id.fruit_image);
//    TextView fruitName = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.fruit_name);
//    fruitImage.setImageResource(fruit.getImageId());
//    fruitName.setText(fruit.getName());
    return view;
    
  }
  class ViewHolder{
    ImageView fruitImage;
    
    TextView fruitName;
  }
}

三、ListView的点击事件
如果只列出了几条内容，我们不能通过点击List来来获取我们想要知道的信息，那将是毫无意义的。
接下来就在MainActivity中来注册我们的点击事件。

package com.example.listviewtest;

import java.util.List;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.Menu;
import android.view.MenuItem;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.AdapterView;
import android.widget.AdapterView.OnItemClickListener;
import android.widget.ArrayAdapter;
import android.widget.ListView;
import android.widget.Toast;

import java.util.*;
//import java.lang.ArrayAdapter;

public class MainActivity extends Activity {
  
  private List<Fruit> fruitList = new ArrayList<Fruit>();
  
//  private String[] data = {"Apple","Banana","Orange","Watermelon","Pear","Grape","Pineapple","Strawberry","Cherry"};
  
  @Override
  protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
    super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
    setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
    
    initFruits();//初始化水果数据
    FruitAdapter adapter = new FruitAdapter(MainActivity.this,R.layout.fruit_item,fruitList);
    
//    ArrayAdapter<String> adapter = new ArrayAdapter<String>(
//        MainActivity.this,android.R.layout.simple_list_item_1,data);
    ListView listView = (ListView) findViewById(R.id.list_view);
    listView.setAdapter(adapter);
    
    //接下来就来注册点击事件
    listView.setOnItemClickListener(new OnItemClickListener() {
      @Override
      public void onItemClick(AdapterView<?> parent,View view,int position,long id) {
        Fruit fruit = fruitList.get(position);
        Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, fruit.getName(), Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
      }
    });
    
  }
  private void initFruits() {
    Fruit apple = new Fruit("Apple",R.drawable.apple_pic);
    fruitList.add(apple);
    Fruit banana = new Fruit("Banana",R.drawable.banana_pic);
    fruitList.add(banana);
    Fruit orange =new Fruit("Orange",R.drawable.orange_pic);
    fruitList.add(orange);
        
  }
}

四、源码：
1.项目地址
https://github.com/ruigege66/Android/tree/master/ListViewTest
2.CSDN：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_44630050
3.博客园：https://www.cnblogs.com/ruigege0000/
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