SpringMVC学习笔记

最新推荐文章于 2021-01-29 21:54:09 发布

Amberish

最新推荐文章于 2021-01-29 21:54:09 发布

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分类专栏： springmvc学习

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_44671867/article/details/105604236

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建立maven+springMVC项目

在这里插入图片描述
project name和artifactId一致
添加一个键值对
archetypeCatalog
internal

出现build success maven创建完成
pom.xml导入springMVC依赖

  <dependencies>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
      <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
      <version>4.3.1.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
      <version>4.3.1.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
      <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
      <version>2.5</version>
      <scope>provided</scope>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
      <artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
      <version>2.1</version>
      <scope>provided</scope>
    </dependency>
  </dependencies>

建立springmvc.xml文件在resources里(日期转换器是后期用到时候配的)

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">

 <!--    开启注解扫描-->
    <context:component-scan base-package="cn.hxy"></context:component-scan>

<!--    视图解析器对象-->
    <bean id="internalResourceViewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <property name="prefix" value="/" />
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
    </bean>

<!--    配置日期转化器-->
    <bean id="conversionServiceFactoryBean" class="org.springframework.context.support.ConversionServiceFactoryBean">
        <property name="converters">
            <set>
                <bean class="cn.hxy.utils.StringToDateConverter"></bean>
            </set>
        </property>
    </bean>
<!--    开启springMVC框架支持的注解,可以使处理器，映射器等生效-->
    <mvc:annotation-driven conversion-service="conversionServiceFactoryBean"/>
</beans>

配置DispatcherServlet在web.xml里

<!DOCTYPE web-app PUBLIC
 "-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD Web Application 2.3//EN"
 "http://java.sun.com/dtd/web-app_2_3.dtd" >

<web-app>
  <display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>
  <servlet>
    <servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
    <init-param>
      <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
      <param-value>classpath:springmvc.xml</param-value>
    </init-param>
    <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
  </servlet>
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

在main路径下建立Java和resources
在这里插入图片描述

日期转换器(输入2020-01-01格式不报错)

建立一个工具类

package cn.hxy.utils;


import org.springframework.core.convert.converter.Converter;

import java.text.DateFormat;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;

public class StringToDateConverter implements Converter<String, Date> {

    @Override
    public Date convert(String source) {
        if(source==null){
            throw new RuntimeException("请传入数据");
        }

        DateFormat df = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-mm-dd");
        try {
            //把字符串转化成日期
            return df.parse(source);
        }catch (Exception e){
            throw new RuntimeException("数据类型转出出现错误");
        }
    }
}

springmvc.xml里面配置

<!--    配置日期转化器-->
    <bean id="conversionServiceFactoryBean" class="org.springframework.context.support.ConversionServiceFactoryBean">
        <property name="converters">
            <set>
                <bean class="cn.hxy.utils.StringToDateConverter"></bean>
            </set>
        </property>
    </bean>
<!--    开启springMVC框架支持的注解,可以使处理器，映射器等生效-->
    <mvc:annotation-driven conversion-service="conversionServiceFactoryBean"/>

<%--
  Created by IntelliJ IDEA.
  User: Hxy
  Date: 2020/4/18
  Time: 12:15
  To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates.
--%>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" isELIgnored="false" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<%--自定义类型转换器--%>
<form action="param/saveUser" method="post">
    用户的姓名：<input type="text" name="uname"><br>
    用户的年龄：<input type="text" name="age"><br>
    用户的生日：<input type="text" name="date"><br>
    <input type="submit" value="提交">
</form>

</body>
</html>

package cn.hxy.control;

import cn.hxy.domain.User;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

@Controller
@RequestMapping("/param")
public class Control {

    /**
     * 自定义类型转换器
     * @param user
     * @return
     */
    @RequestMapping("/saveUser")
    public String saveUser(User user){
    System.out.println("saveUser 执行了。。。");
    System.out.println(user);
    return "success";
    }
}

package cn.hxy.domain;

import java.util.Date;

public class User {
    private String uname;
    private Integer age;
    private Date date;

    public String getUname() {
        return uname;
    }

    public void setUname(String uname) {
        this.uname = uname;
    }

    public Integer getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(Integer age) {
        this.age = age;
    }

    public Date getDate() {
        return date;
    }

    public void setDate(Date date) {
        this.date = date;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "User{" +
                "uname='" + uname + '\'' +
                ", age=" + age +
                ", date=" + date +
                '}';
    }
}

常用注解和属性

主要代码

<%--
  Created by IntelliJ IDEA.
  User: Hxy
  Date: 2020/4/18
  Time: 12:15
  To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates.
--%>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" isELIgnored="false" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<%--自定义类型转换器--%>
<form action="param/saveUser" method="post">
    用户的姓名：<input type="text" name="uname"><br>
    用户的年龄：<input type="text" name="age"><br>
    用户的生日：<input type="text" name="date"><br>
    <input type="submit" value="提交">
</form>

<a href="param/testPathVariable/20">testPathVariable</a><br>
<a href="param/testCookieValue">testCookieValue</a><br>

<form action="param/testModelAttribute1" method="post">
    用户的姓名：<input type="text" name="uname"><br>
    用户的年龄：<input type="text" name="age"><br>
    <input type="submit" value="提交">
</form>
<br>
<a href="param/testSessionAttributes">setSessionAttributes</a><br>
<a href="param/getSessionAttributes">getSessionAttributes</a><br>
<a href="param/delSessionAttributes">delSessionAttributes</a><br>
</body>
</html>

package cn.hxy.control;

import cn.hxy.domain.User;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.ui.ModelMap;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*;
import org.springframework.web.bind.support.SessionStatus;

import java.util.Date;
import java.util.Map;

@Controller
@RequestMapping("/param")
@SessionAttributes("msg") //把msg=美美存到session域中
public class Control {

    /**
     * 自定义类型转换器
     * @param user
     * @return
     */
    @RequestMapping("/saveUser")
    public String saveUser(User user){
    System.out.println("saveUser 执行了。。。");
    System.out.println(user);
    return "success";
    }

    /**
     * 注解PathVariable
     * @param id
     * @return
     */
    @RequestMapping("/testPathVariable/{sid}")
    public String testPathVariable(@PathVariable("sid") String id){
        System.out.println("saveUser 执行了。。。");
        System.out.println(id);
        return "success";
    }

    /**
     * 注解CookieValue
     * @param cookieValue
     * @return
     */
    @RequestMapping("/testCookieValue")
    public String testCookValue(@CookieValue(value = "JSESSIONID") String cookieValue){
        System.out.println("testCookValue 执行了。。。");
        System.out.println(cookieValue);
        return "success";
    }

    /**
     * 注解testModelAttribute,对应有返回值的情况
     * @param
     * @return
     */
    @RequestMapping("/testModelAttribute")
    public String testModelAttribute(User user){
        System.out.println("testModelAttribute 执行了。。。");
        System.out.println("testModelAttribute"+user);
        return "success";
    }

    /**
     * 改方法会在触发方法之前先执行
     * 这个方法中的数据会覆盖原来数据
     *
     * 有返回值的情况
     * @param uname
     * @return
     */
    @ModelAttribute
    public User showUser(String uname){
        User user = new User();
        user.setUname(uname);
        user.setAge(12);
        user.setDate(new Date());
        System.out.println("showUser:"+user);
        System.out.println("showUser执行了。。");
        return user;
    }

    /**
     * 注解ModelAttribute，对应没有返回值的情况
     * @param user
     * @return
     */
    @RequestMapping("/testModelAttribute1")
    public String testModelAttribute1(@ModelAttribute("abc") User user){
        System.out.println("testModelAttribute 执行了。。。");
        System.out.println("testModelAttribute"+user);
        return "success";
    }

    /**
     * 注解ModelAttribute，对应没有返回值的情况
     * @param uname
     * @param map
     * @return
     */
    @ModelAttribute
    public User showUser1(String uname, Map<String,User> map){
        User user = new User();
        user.setUname(uname);
        user.setAge(15);
        user.setDate(new Date());
        map.put("abc",user);
        System.out.println("showUser 1 :"+user);
        System.out.println("showUser 1 执行了。。");
        return user;
    }

    /**
     * 注解SessionAttributes必须写在类上，
     * 此方法设置值
     * @param model
     * @return
     */
    @RequestMapping("/testSessionAttributes")
    public String testSessionAttributes(Model model){
        System.out.println("testSessionAttributes 执行了。。。");

        //底层会存储到request域对象中
        model.addAttribute("msg","guy");
        return "success";
    }

    /**
     *此方法获取注解SessionAttributes的值
     * @param modelMap
     * @return
     */
    @RequestMapping("/getSessionAttributes")
    public String getSessionAttributes(ModelMap modelMap){
        System.out.println("getSessionAttributes 执行了。。。");

        //底层会存储到request域对象中
        String msg = (String)modelMap.get("msg");
        System.out.println("getSessionAttributes域中获取msg值："+msg);
        return "success";
    }

    /**
     * 清除SessionAttributes
     * @param status
     * @return
     */
    @RequestMapping("/delSessionAttributes")
    public String delSessionAttributes(SessionStatus status){
        System.out.println("delSessionAttributes 执行了。。。");
        status.setComplete();
        return "success";
    }

}

<%--
  Created by IntelliJ IDEA.
  User: Hxy
  Date: 2020/4/18
  Time: 12:31
  To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates.
--%>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java"  isELIgnored="false" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>成功</title>
</head>
<body>
<h2>Hello World!</h2>
入门成功
<%--  request域--%>
${requestScope.msg}
<%-- session域--%>
${sessionScope}     
</body>
</html>

Model

response.jsp页面

<a href="user/testString">testString</a><br>
<a href="user/testVoid">testVoid</a><br>

Controller类

package cn.hxy.controller;

import cn.hxy.domain.User;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;

@Controller
@RequestMapping("/user")
public class UserController {

    /**
     * 返回值类型是字符串
     * @param model
     * @return
     */
    @RequestMapping("/testString")
    public String testString(Model model){
        //模拟从数据库里面查数据
        System.out.println("testString....");
        User user = new User();
        user.setUsername("hxy");
        user.setAge(18);
        user.setPassword("123");
        model.addAttribute("user",user);
        return "success";
    }

    /**
     * 返回值类型是void
     */
    @RequestMapping("testVoid")
    public void testVoid(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        System.out.println("testVoid..");
        //请求转发
//        request.getRequestDispatcher("/pages/success.jsp").forward(request,response);
        //重定向
//        response.sendRedirect("/pages/success.jsp");
        //设置中文乱码
        response.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
        response.setContentType("text/html;charset=UTF-8");
        response.getWriter().print("你好");
    }
}

ModelAndView

response.jsp

<body>
<a href="user/testModelAndView">testModelAndView</a>  //本次测试这个
</body>

UserController.java

    /**
     * 返回ModelAndView
     */
    @RequestMapping("/testModelAndView")
    public ModelAndView testModelAndView() {
        ModelAndView modelAndView = new ModelAndView();
        //模拟从数据库里面查数据
        System.out.println("testModelAndView....");
        User user = new User();
        user.setUsername("hxy");
        user.setAge(18);
        user.setPassword("123");
        modelAndView.addObject("user",user);
        modelAndView.setViewName("success");
        return modelAndView;
    }

success.jsp是一个纯显示页面，ModelAndView和Model会用到视图解析器，关键字forward和redirect不会用到视图解析器

关键字forward和redirect

response.jsp页面

<a href="user/testForwardOrRedirect">testForwardOrRedirect</a> <br> 本次测试这个

UserController.java类

    /**
     * 用关键字的方式进行转发
     * forward或者redirect
     * @param
     * @return
     */
    @RequestMapping("/testForwardOrRedirect")
    public String testForwardOrRedirect(){
        //模拟从数据库里面查数据
        System.out.println("testForwardOrRedirect....");
        //请求转发
//        return "forward:/pages/success.jsp";
        //重定向
        return "redirect:/pages/success.jsp";
    }

配置静态资源路径以及响应json数据发送ajax请求

需要在springmvc.xml文件配置静态资源的路径，为了的是告诉前端控制器DispatcherServlet不要拦截静态资源
首先：在webapp下面建立文件夹js
在这里插入图片描述

其次在springmvc.xml添加代码，这里css.images配置是为了以后用的

<!--    前端控制器，哪些静态资源不拦截-->

    <mvc:resources mapping="/js/**" location="/js/**"></mvc:resources>
    <mvc:resources mapping="/css/**" location="/css/**"></mvc:resources>
    <mvc:resources mapping="/images/**" location="/images/**"></mvc:resources>

再再次，在pom上面添加依赖

<!--    json用到的依赖-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
      <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
      <version>2.9.0</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
      <artifactId>jackson-core</artifactId>
      <version>2.9.0</version> </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
      <artifactId>jackson-annotations</artifactId>
      <version>2.9.0</version>
    </dependency>

response.jsp页面内容

<%--
  Created by IntelliJ IDEA.
  User: Hxy
  Date: 2020/4/19
  Time: 19:16
  To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates.
--%>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>response</title>
    <script src="js/jquery.min.js"></script>
    <script>
        //页面加载，绑定单击事件
        $(function(){
            $("#btn").click(function () {

                    //返送ajax请求
                $.ajax({
                    //编写json格式，设置属性和值
                    url:"user/testAjax",
                    contentType:"application/json;charset=utf-8",
                    data:'{"username":"hxy","password":"123","age":30}',
                    dataType:"json",
                    type:"post",
                    success:function (data) {
                        //data：服务器响应的json数据,进行解析    
                        alert(data);
                        alert(data.username);
                        alert(data.password);
                        alert(data.age);
                    }
                });
            });
        });
    </script>
</head>
<body>
<%--异步请求--%>
<button id="btn">发送ajax的请求</button><br> 本次测试这个
</body>
</html>

UserController.java类中方法代码

    /**
     * 模拟异步请求响应
     * @RequestBody是获得请求体，这里的请求体是传过来Jason字符串：
     * data:'{"username":"hxy","password":"123","age":30}'
     * @ResponseBody是讲User封装成json对象，返回给页面
     * @param user
     */
    @RequestMapping("/testAjax")
    public  @ResponseBody User testAjax(@RequestBody User user){

        //客户端发送ajax,传的是json字符串，后端把json字符串封装到user对象中
        System.out.println(user);
        //做响应模拟查询数据库
        user.setUsername("hhh");
        user.setAge(40);
        user.setPassword("123");
        System.out.println("testAjax.........");
        return user;
    }

ps:如果最开始没有配置静态路径在springmvc.xml，后面配置完了也不好使，那就在本地找到这个项目，删除target文件夹，从新restart服务器就能解决

springMVC处理异常请求

一般情况如果dao层有异常，会往service层抛，service有异常会往Controller控制器抛，Controller类有异常会往DispatcherServlet控制器里面抛，如果控制器不做处理就会忘用户界面抛，如下图
在这里插入图片描述
首先自定义异常类

package cn.hxy.exception;

/**
 * 自定义异常类
 */
public class SysException extends Exception {
    private String message;

    public SysException(String message) {
        this.message = message;
    }

    public SysException() {

    }

    @Override
    public String getMessage() {
        return message;
    }

    public void setMessage(String message) {
        this.message = message;
    }
}

其次编写异常处理器

package cn.hxy.exception;

import org.springframework.web.servlet.HandlerExceptionResolver;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

public class SysExceptionResolver implements HandlerExceptionResolver {

    /**
     *处理异常业务逻辑
     * @param httpServletRequest
     * @param httpServletResponse
     * @param o 当前处理器的对象
     * @param e Controller抛出来的异常对象
     * @return
     */
    @Override
    public ModelAndView resolveException(HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest, HttpServletResponse httpServletResponse,
                                         Object o, Exception e) {
        System.out.print("1231323");
//        获取异常对象
        SysException exception = null;
//        如果e是SysException类型就强转,不是的话就new一个
        if (e instanceof SysException){

            exception = (SysException) e;
        }else{
            exception = new SysException();
            exception.setMessage("系统正在维护");
        }
        //创建ModelAndView设置值并且跳转error页面
        ModelAndView modelAndView = new ModelAndView();
        modelAndView.addObject("errorMsg",e.getMessage());
        modelAndView.setViewName("error");
        return modelAndView;

    }
}

再次配置异常处理器，在springMVC中

<!--    配置异常处理器-->
    <bean id="sysExceptionResolver" class="cn.hxy.exception.SysExceptionResolver" />

response.jsp页面

<body>
<a href="user/testException">testException</a><br>

</body>

UserController.java类

package cn.hxy.controller;


import cn.hxy.exception.SysException;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;


@Controller
@RequestMapping("/user")
public class UserController {

    @RequestMapping("/testException")
    public String testException() throws Exception {
        System.out.println("testException...");

        try {
            //        模拟异常
            int i=1/0;
        }catch (Exception e){
            e.printStackTrace();
            //抛出自己定义异常
            throw new SysException();
        }
        return "success";
    }

}

显示结果
在这里插入图片描述

拦截器

拦截器：在controller执行之前拦截，在controller类返回之后也拦截
拦截链：有多个拦截器，如下图
在这里插入图片描述
拦截器和过滤器的功能比较类似，有区别

过滤器是Servlet规范的一部分，任何框架都可以使用过滤器技术。
拦截器是SpringMVC框架独有的。
过滤器配置了/*，可以拦截任何资源。
拦截器只会对控制器中的方法进行拦截。

代码环节：
首先编写拦截器1号

package cn.hxy.interceptor;

import org.springframework.web.servlet.HandlerInterceptor;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

public class MyInterceptor implements HandlerInterceptor {
    /**
     * 预处理，在controller之前执行
     * return true:放行，执行下一个拦截器，如果没有拦截器，执行Controller
     * return false：不放行
     * @param httpServletRequest
     * @param httpServletResponse
     * @param o
     * @return
     * @throws Exception
     */
    @Override
    public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest, HttpServletResponse httpServletResponse, Object o) throws Exception {
        System.out.println("preHandle...");
        return true;
    }

    @Override
    public void postHandle(HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest, HttpServletResponse httpServletResponse, Object o, ModelAndView modelAndView) throws Exception {
        System.out.println("postHandle...");

    }

    @Override
    public void afterCompletion(HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest, HttpServletResponse httpServletResponse, Object o, Exception e) throws Exception {
        System.out.println("afterHandle...");
    }
}

拦截器2号

package cn.hxy.interceptor;

import org.springframework.web.servlet.HandlerInterceptor;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

public class MyInterceptor1 implements HandlerInterceptor {
    /**
     * 预处理，在controller之前执行
     * return true:放行，执行下一个拦截器，如果没有拦截器，执行Controller
     * return false：不放行
     * @param httpServletRequest
     * @param httpServletResponse
     * @param o
     * @return
     * @throws Exception
     */
    @Override
    public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest, HttpServletResponse httpServletResponse, Object o) throws Exception {
        System.out.println("preHandle...2222");
        return true;
    }

    @Override
    public void postHandle(HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest, HttpServletResponse httpServletResponse, Object o, ModelAndView modelAndView) throws Exception {
        System.out.println("postHandle...2222");

    }

    @Override
    public void afterCompletion(HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest, HttpServletResponse httpServletResponse, Object o, Exception e) throws Exception {
        System.out.println("afterHandle...2222");
    }
}

springmvc配置拦截器

<!--    配置拦截器-->
    <mvc:interceptors>
<!--            配置一个拦截器-->
        <mvc:interceptor>
<!--            要拦截的方法-->
            <mvc:mapping path="/user/**"/>
<!--            不要拦截的方法，和mvc:mapping算上，这俩配置一个就可
            <mvc:exclude-mapping path=""/>-->
<!--            配置拦截器对象-->
            <bean id="myInterceptor" class="cn.hxy.interceptor.MyInterceptor"></bean>
        </mvc:interceptor>


<!--            配置第2个拦截器-->
        <mvc:interceptor>
            <!--            要拦截的方法-->
            <mvc:mapping path="/**"/>
            <!--            不要拦截的方法，和mvc:mapping算上，这俩配置一个就可
                        <mvc:exclude-mapping path=""/>-->
            <!--            配置拦截器对象-->
            <bean id="myInterceptor1" class="cn.hxy.interceptor.MyInterceptor1"></bean>
        </mvc:interceptor>
    </mvc:interceptors>

response.jsp页面

<body>
<a href="user/testInterceptor">testInterceptor</a><br>

</body

UserController .java类

package cn.hxy.controller;


import cn.hxy.exception.SysException;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;


@Controller
@RequestMapping("/user")
public class UserController {

    @RequestMapping("/testInterceptor")
    public String testInterceptor() {
        System.out.println("testInterceptor...");
        return "success";
    }

}

浏览器执行界面
在这里插入图片描述
控制台执行界面：
preHandle…
preHandle…2222
testInterceptor…
postHandle…2222
postHandle…
success执行了…
afterHandle…2222
afterHandle…

整合SSM

在这里插入图片描述
以spring框架为主要，去整合springmvc和mybatis
先配置spring框架，配置pom.xml引入jar包

  <properties>
    <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
    <maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
    <maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
    <slf4j.version>1.6.6</slf4j.version>
    <log4j.version>1.2.12</log4j.version>
    <mybatis.version>3.4.5</mybatis.version>
  </properties>

  <dependencies>
    <!-- spring -->
    <!--    aop begin-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
      <artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId>
      <version>1.6.8</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
      <version>5.1.5.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
      <version>5.1.5.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
    <!--    aop end-->

    <!--    springMvc begin-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
      <version>4.3.1.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
      <version>4.3.1.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
    <!--    springMvc end-->

    <!--    单元测试-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
      <version>5.1.5.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>

    <!--    事务-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
      <version>5.1.5.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
      <version>5.1.5.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>

    <!--    单元测试-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>junit</groupId>
      <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
      <version>4.12</version>
      <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>

    <!--    MySQL驱动-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>mysql</groupId>
      <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
      <version>8.0.17</version>
    </dependency>

    <!--    servlet/jsp-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
      <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
      <version>2.5</version>
      <scope>provided</scope>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
      <artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
      <version>2.0</version>
      <scope>provided</scope>
    </dependency>

    <!--    el表达式-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>jstl</groupId>
      <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
      <version>1.2</version>
    </dependency>

    <!-- log start -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>log4j</groupId>
      <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
      <version>${log4j.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
      <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
      <version>${slf4j.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
      <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
      <version>${slf4j.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <!-- log end -->

    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
      <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
      <version>${mybatis.version}</version>
    </dependency><dependency>
    <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
    <artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
    <version>1.3.0</version>

    <!--    连接池-->
  </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>c3p0</groupId>
      <artifactId>c3p0</artifactId>
      <version>0.9.1.2</version>
      <type>jar</type>
      <scope>compile</scope>
    </dependency>

  </dependencies>

新建applicationContext.xml文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
       xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd">

<!--        开启扫描,希望处理service和dao,controller不需要spring框架去处理-->
        <context:component-scan  base-package="cn.hxy">
<!--            配置哪些注解不扫描-->
            <context:exclude-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller"/>
        </context:component-scan>
</beans>

编写代码，测试spring的配置情况

package cn.hxy.dao;

import cn.hxy.domain.Account;

import java.util.List;

/**
 * 账户dao接口
 * 只要写接口就行，mybatis可以生成一个代理对象执行，不用写实现类
 */
public interface IAccountDao {

    //查询所有账户
    public List<Account> findAll();

    //保存账户信息
    public void saveAccount(Account account);
}

package cn.hxy.domain;

import java.io.Serializable;

/**
 * 账户
 */
public class Account implements Serializable {
    private Integer id;
    private String name;
    private Double money;

    public Integer getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(Integer id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public Double getMoney() {
        return money;
    }

    public void setMoney(Double money) {
        this.money = money;
    }
}

package cn.hxy.service;

import cn.hxy.domain.Account;

import java.util.List;

/**
 * 业务层接口
 */
public interface IAccountService {

    //查询所有账户
    public List<Account> findAll();

    //保存账户信息
    public void saveAccount(Account account);
}

package cn.hxy.service.impl;

import cn.hxy.domain.Account;
import cn.hxy.service.IAccountService;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

import java.util.List;

/**
 * 业务实现层
 */
@Service("accountService")
public class AccountService implements IAccountService {
    public List<Account> findAll() {
        System.out.println("业务层：查询所有接口");
        return null;
    }

    public void saveAccount(Account account) {
        System.out.println("业务层：保存账户接口");

    }
}

package cn.hxy;


import cn.hxy.service.IAccountService;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;


public class MyTest {

    @Test
    public void test(){
//        加载配置文件
        ApplicationContext ac =  new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("classpath:applicationContext.xml");
//        获取对象
        IAccountService as = (IAccountService) ac.getBean("accountService");
//        调用方法
        as.findAll();
    }
}

打印结果：
业务层：查询所有接口
表示spring配置完成，开始配置springmvc框架：
和springmvc有关的结构图：
在这里插入图片描述
新建springmvc.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
<!--    开启注解扫描，只扫描controller注解-->
    <context:component-scan base-package="cn.hxy.controller">
<!--        另一种写法-->
<!--        <context:include-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller"/>-->
    </context:component-scan>

<!--    配置视图解析器-->
    <bean id="internalResourceViewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <property name="prefix" value="/pages/"/>
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
    </bean>

<!--    过滤静态资源-->
    <mvc:resources mapping="/js/**" location="/js/**"></mvc:resources>
    <mvc:resources mapping="/css/**" location="/css/**"></mvc:resources>
    <mvc:resources mapping="/images/**" location="/images/**"></mvc:resources>

<!--    开启springmvc注解的支持-->
    <mvc:annotation-driven/>
</beans>

web.xml配置，过滤器要放在前端控制器前面配置，要不容易报错

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app version="3.0" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee
	http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd">

  <!--  解决中文乱码的过滤器-->
  <filter>
    <filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
    <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
    <init-param>
      <param-name>encoding</param-name>
      <param-value>utf-8</param-value>
    </init-param>
  </filter>
  <filter-mapping>
    <filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
    <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
  </filter-mapping>

  <servlet>
    <!--    配置前端控制器-->
    <servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
    <!--    加载springmvc.xml配置文件-->
    <init-param>
      <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
      <param-value>classpath:springmvc.xml</param-value>
    </init-param>
    <!--    启动服务器，创建该servlet-->
    <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
  </servlet>
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

index.jsp

<body>
<a href="account/findAll">testFindAll</a>
</body>

AccountController .java

package cn.hxy.controller;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

/**
 * web层
 */

@Controller
@RequestMapping("/account")
public class AccountController {

    @RequestMapping("/findAll")
    public String findAll(){
        System.out.println("表现层，查询所有账户");
        return "list";
    }
}

list.jsp

<body>
<h1>查询了所有的项目</h1>
</body>

配置Tomcat服务器，springmvc配置成功界面：
在这里插入图片描述
spring整合springmvc：

这里的监听器spring已经提供好了，在web.xml里面配置添加监听器的配置

 <!--配置Spring的监听器，默认只加载WEB-INF目录下的applicationContext.xml配置文件-->
  <listener>
    <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
  </listener>
  <!--设置配置文件的路径-->
  <context-param>
    <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
    <param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
  </context-param>

业务层添加注解：

/**
 * 业务实现层
 */
@Service("accountService")
public class AccountService implements IAccountService {

Controller层修改代码，创建业务层对象，调用业务层方法

package cn.hxy.controller;

import cn.hxy.service.IAccountService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

/**
 * web层
 */

@Controller
@RequestMapping("/account")
public class AccountController {

    @Autowired
    private IAccountService accountService;

    @RequestMapping("/findAll")
    public String findAll(){
        System.out.println("表现层，查询所有账户");
//        调用service方法
        accountService.findAll();;
        return "list";
    }
}