dom4j解析xml

一.什么是XML

xml：extensive markup language 可扩展的标记语言。如下，就是xml

<root>
    <student  id="1">
        <name>张三</name>
        <age>22</age>
        <gender>男</gender>
    </student>
    <student id="2">
        <name>李四</name>
        <age>22</age>
        <gender>男</gender>
    </student>
    <student id="3">
        <name>王二</name>
        <age>22</age>
        <gender>男</gender>
    </student>
</root>

二.如何解析xml

这边我使用dom4j解析
1.将dom4j和jaxen架包导进项目

第一步：找到这个标志，并且点击

第二步：

第三步：选择jar包

然后点击apply再点确认jar包就导入完成。

2.建一个类和xml中内容对应

package dom4j;

public class Student {
    private Integer id ;
    private String name;
    private Integer age;
    private String gender;

    public Student(Integer id, String name, Integer age, String gender) {
        this.id = id;
        this.name = name;
        this.age = age;
        this.gender = gender;
    }

    public Integer getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(Integer id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public Integer getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(Integer age) {
        this.age = age;
    }

    public String getGender() {
        return gender;
    }

    public void setGender(String gender) {
        this.gender = gender;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Student{" +
                "id=" + id +
                ", name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", age=" + age +
                ", gender='" + gender + '\'' +
                '}';
    }
}

3.写一个转换的类

package dom4j;

import org.dom4j.Document;
import org.dom4j.DocumentException;
import org.dom4j.Element;
import org.dom4j.Node;
import org.dom4j.io.OutputFormat;
import org.dom4j.io.SAXReader;
import org.dom4j.io.XMLWriter;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.OutputStreamWriter;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

public class XmlParserUtil {
    static SAXReader reader = new SAXReader();

    //获取文件
    private static  File init(String path){
        File xmlFile = new File(path);
        return xmlFile;
    }

    private static Document initDoc(String path) throws DocumentException {
        return reader.read(init(path));
    }

    private Element getRoot(String path) throws DocumentException {
        return initDoc(path).getRootElement();
    }


    static  List<Student> lists = null;

    //将xml中内容解析并新增对象
    public  static  void  add(String path) throws DocumentException {
        lists = new ArrayList<>();
        Element root = view(path);
        List<Element> elements = root.elements();
        for (Element element : elements) {
            String id = element.attributeValue("id");
            String name = element.elementText("name");
            String age = element.elementText("age");
            String gender = element.elementText("gender");
            lists.add(new Student(Integer.parseInt(id),name,Integer.parseInt(age),gender));
        }
        for (Student student : lists) {
            System.out.println(student);
        }
    }

    //查看xml中已有的信息
    public  static Element  view(String path) throws DocumentException {
        Element root;
        if(path.length()==0){
            root = null;
        }
        File xmlFile = new File(path);
        SAXReader reader = new SAXReader();
        Document doc = reader.read(xmlFile);
        root = doc.getRootElement();
        List<Element> list =root.elements();//获取root下一层的子节点，也就是Student节点
        for (Element element : list) {//遍历所有Student节点
            String id = element.attributeValue("id");//获取每个节点的id
            System.out.println("id为："+ id);
            List<Element> subs = element.elements();//获取student下所有的子节点
            for (Element sub : subs) {//遍历查询
                System.out.println("节点的内容为："+sub.getText());
            }
            System.out.println("==============================");
        }
        return root;
    }

    //向xml中增加节点
    public  static void addXml(String path) throws DocumentException, IOException {
        File xmlFile = new File(path);
        SAXReader reader = new SAXReader();
        Document doc = reader.read(xmlFile);
        lists = new ArrayList<>();
        Element root = view(path);
        Element element = root.addElement("student");
        element.addAttribute("id","6");
        element.addElement("name").setText("王五");
        element.addElement("age").setText("18");
        element.addElement("gender").setText("女");
        Node node = root.selectSingleNode("//student[@id=6]");
        System.out.println(null==node);
        if(null!=node){
            Element element1 = (Element) node;
            String id = element1.attributeValue("id");
            String name = element1.elementText("name");
            String age = element1.elementText("age");
            String gender = element1.elementText("gender");
            lists.add(new Student(Integer.parseInt(id),name,Integer.parseInt(age),gender));
        }
        for (Student student : lists) {
            System.out.println(student);
        }
        //落盘
        OutputFormat format = OutputFormat.createPrettyPrint();
        XMLWriter writer = new XMLWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(new FileOutputStream(path),"UTF-8"),format);
        writer.write(doc);
        writer.close();
    }
}

4.最后测试一下

public class Test {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws DocumentException, IOException {
        String path = "file\\student.xml";
//        XmlParserUtil.add(path);//增
//        XmlParserUtil.view(path);//查
        XmlParserUtil.addXml(path);
    }
}