1.3 二分法

1.二分法

1.1 有序数组中找到num

思路

代码

package com.biao.class3;

import java.util.Arrays;

public class Code01_BSExist {

    //arr保证有序
    // 二分法查找
    public static boolean find(int[] arr,int num){
        if (arr == null || arr.length == 0){
            return false;
        }
        int L = 0;
        int R = arr.length - 1;
        while ( L < R ){
            int mid = ( L + R ) / 2;
            if (num == arr[mid]){
                return true;
            }else if( num < arr[mid]){
                R = mid -1;
            }else{
                L = mid + 1;
            }
        }
        return false;
    }

    // 暴力测试
    public static boolean test(int[] arr , int num){
        for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
            if ( num == arr[i]){
                return true;
            }
        }
        return false;
    }

    // for test
    public static int[] generateRandomArray(int maxSize,int maxValue){
        int[] arr = new int[(int) ((maxSize +1) * Math.random())];
        for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
            arr[i] = (int)((maxValue + 1) * Math.random()) - (int)(maxValue * Math.random());
        }
        return arr;
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        int testTime = 50000;
        int maxSize = 10;
        int maxValue = 100;
        boolean succeed = true;
        for (int i = 0; i < testTime; i++) {
            int[] arr = generateRandomArray(maxSize,maxValue);
            Arrays.sort(arr);
            int value = (int) ((maxValue+1)*Math.random()) - (int)(maxValue * Math.random());
            if (test(arr,value) != find(arr,value)){
                succeed = false;
                break;
            }
            System.out.println(succeed ? "success" : "not success");
        }

    }
}

1.2 有序数组中找到>=num最左的位置

代码：

package com.biao.class3;

import java.util.Arrays;

public class Code2_BSNearLeft {

    // arr有序的，>=num zuizuode
    public static int mostLeftNoLessNumIndex(int[] arr,int num){
        if (arr == null || arr.length == 0 ){
            return -1;
        }
        int L = 0;
        int R = arr.length - 1;
        // 找到的下标值
        int ans = -1;
        while (L <= R){
            int mid = (L + R)/2;
            if (arr[mid] >= num){
                ans = mid;
                R = mid - 1;
            }else{
                L = mid + 1;
            }
        }
        return ans;
    }

    // 遍历test
    public static int test(int[] arr,int num){
        for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
            if (arr[i] >= num){
                return i;
            }
        }
        return -1;
    }

    // for test
    public static int[] generateRandomArray(int maxSize,int maxValue){
        int[] arr = new int[(int)((maxSize + 1) * Math.random())];
        for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
            arr[i] = (int)((maxValue + 1) * Math.random() - (maxValue - 1) * Math.random());
        }
        return arr;
    }

    public static void printArray(int[] arr){
        for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
            System.out.print(arr[i]+" ");
        }
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        int testTime = 500000;
        int maxSize = 10;
        int maxValue = 100;
        boolean success = true;
        for (int i = 0; i < testTime; i++) {
            int arr[] = generateRandomArray(maxSize,maxValue);
            Arrays.sort(arr);
            int num = (int)((maxValue + 1) * Math.random()) - (int)((maxValue - 1) * Math.random()) ;
            if (test(arr,num) != mostLeftNoLessNumIndex(arr,num)){
                printArray(arr);
                System.out.println("num:"+num);
                System.out.println(test(arr,num));
                System.out.println(mostLeftNoLessNumIndex(arr,num));
                success = false;
                break;
            }
            System.out.println(success ? "nice" : "no");
        }


    }
}

1.3 局部最小值问题

package com.biao.class3;

public class Code04_BSAwesome {

    //数组整体无序
    //相邻的数不相等
    public static int oneMinIndex(int[] arr){
        if (arr.length == 0 || arr == null){
            return -1;
        }
        int N = arr.length;
        //数组一个数直接返回
        if (N == 1){
            return 0;
        }
        //判断两个数情况
        if (arr[0] < arr[1]){
            return 0;
        }
        if (arr[N - 2] > arr[N - 1]){
            return N - 1;
        }
        int L = 0;
        int R = N - 1;
        //注意边界
        while (L < R - 1){
            int mid = (L + R) / 2;
            if (arr[mid] < arr[mid - 1] && arr[mid] < arr[mid + 1]){
                return mid;
            }else {
                if (arr[mid] > arr[mid-1]){
                    R = mid - 1;
                }else{
                    L = mid + 1;
                }
            }
        }
        return arr[L] < arr[R] ? L : R;
    }

    //生成随机数组，且相邻不相等
    public static int[] randomArray(int maxLen,int maxValue){
        int len = (int)(Math.random() * maxLen);
        int[] arr = new int[len];
        if (len > 0){
            arr[0] = (int)(Math.random()*maxValue);
            for (int i = 1; i < len; i++) {
                do {
                    arr[i] = (int)(Math.random()*maxValue);
                }while (arr[i] == arr[i - 1]);
            }
        }
        return arr;
    }

    //用于测试
    public static boolean check(int[] arr,int minIndex){
        if (arr.length == 0){
            return minIndex == -1;
        }
        int left = minIndex - 1;
        int right = minIndex + 1;
        boolean leftBigger = left >= 0 ? arr[left] > arr[minIndex] : true;
        boolean rightBigger = right < arr.length ? arr[right] > arr[minIndex] : true;
        return  leftBigger && rightBigger;
    }

    //打印数组
    public static void printArray(int[] arr) {
        for (int num : arr) {
            System.out.print(num + " ");
        }
        System.out.println();
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        int maxLen = 100;
        int maxValue = 200;
        int testTime = 100000;
        System.out.println("测试开始");
        for (int i = 0; i < testTime; i++) {
            int[] arr = randomArray(maxLen,maxValue);
            int ans = oneMinIndex(arr);
            if (!check(arr, ans)) {
                printArray(arr);
                System.out.println(ans);
                break;
            }
        }
        System.out.println("测试结束");
    }
}