为什么要用拷贝构造？

参考：https://www.cnblogs.com/123wh/p/14383142.html

浅拷贝：对存在指针成员的结构体直接赋值，导致结构体中的指针变量指向同一地址，在释放时重复释放同一段空间（段错误）

深拷贝：为新结构体变量的成员指针，分配独立的空间

补充：free只能free堆区空间，否则段错误

 #include<stdio.h>
 #include<stdlib.h>
  typedef struct stu
 {
      char* name;
      int score;
  }STU;
  int main(int argc, char const *argv[])
  {
     STU lihua,xiaoming;
     lihua.name ="lihua";
     lihua.score=99;
     
     printf("%s",lihua.name);
     if (NULL!=lihua.name)
     {
         free(lihua.name);
         lihua.name=NULL;
     }
     return 0;
 }

 

浅拷贝实例（核心已转储）：


#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<string.h>
typedef struct stu
{
    char* name;
    int score;
}STU;
int main(int argc, char const *argv[])
{
    STU lihua;
    lihua.name=(char*)malloc(100);
    strcpy(lihua.name,"lihua");

    STU xiaoming;
    xiaoming.name=(char*)malloc(100);
    strcpy(xiaoming.name,"xiaoming");
    
    lihua=xiaoming;//让lihua.name的指针指向了xiaoming.name的空间
    
    printf("%s\n",lihua.name);
    if (NULL!=lihua.name)//实则释放当初xiaoming.name所指向的空间
    {
        free(lihua.name);
        lihua.name=NULL;
    }
    if (NULL!=xiaoming.name)//再次释放xiaoming.name所指向的空间
    {
        free(xiaoming.name);
        xiaoming.name=NULL;
    }
    
    return 0;
}

 

深拷贝实例：


#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<string.h>
typedef struct stu
{
    char* name;
    int score;
}STU;
int main(int argc, char const *argv[])
{
    STU lihua;
    lihua.name=(char*)malloc(100);
    strcpy(lihua.name,"lihua");

    STU xiaoming;

    #if 0
    //浅拷贝
    xiaoming=lihua;
    #endif

    #if 1
    //深拷贝
    xiaoming.name=(char*)malloc(100);
    strcpy(xiaoming.name,lihua.name);
    #endif
    
    printf("%s\n",xiaoming.name);
    if (NULL!=lihua.name)
    {
        free(lihua.name);
        lihua.name=NULL;
    }
    if (NULL!=xiaoming.name)
    {
        free(xiaoming.name);
        xiaoming.name=NULL;
    }
    
    return 0;
}