Builder模式的定义是“将一个复杂对象的构建与它的表示分离,使得同样的构建过程可以创建不同的表示。”它属于创建类模式,一般来说,如果一个对象的构建比较复杂,超出了构造函数所能包含的范围,就可以使用工厂模式和 Builder模式,相对于工厂模式会产出一个完整的产品, Builder应用于更加复杂的对象的构建,甚至只会构建产品的一个部分,直白来说,就是使用多个简单的对象一步一步构建成一个复杂的对象
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例子:
使用构建者设计模式来生产 computer -
主要步骤:
- 将需要构建的目标类分成多个部件(电脑可以分为主机、显示器、键盘、音箱等部件);
- 创建构建类;
- 依次创建部件;
- 将部件组装成目标对象
1.定义
computer
public class Computer {
private String displayer;
private String mainUnit;
private String mouse;
private String keyboard;
public String getDisplayer() {
return displayer;
}
public void setDisplayer(String displayer) {
this.displayer = displayer;
}
public String getMainUnit() {
return mainUnit;
}
public void setMainUnit(String mainUnit) {
this.mainUnit = mainUnit;
}
public String getMouse() {
return mouse;
}
public void setMouse(String mouse) {
this.mouse = mouse;
}
public String getKeyboard() {
return keyboard;
}
public void setKeyboard(String keyboard) {
this.keyboard = keyboard;
}
@Override
public String toString() {};
}
ComputerBuilder
public static class ComputerBuilder{
private ComputerBuilder target =new ComputerBuilder();
public Builder installDisplayer(String displayer){
target.setDisplayer(displayer);
return this;
}
public Builder installMainUnit(String mainUnit){
target.setMainUnit(mainUnit);
return this;
}
public Builder installMouse(String mouse){
target.setMouse(mouse);
return this;
}
public Builder installKeybord(String keyboard){
target.setKeyboard(keyboard);
return this;
}
public ComputerBuilder build(){
return target;
}
}
2.调用
public static void main(String[] args) {
ComputerBuilder computerBuilder = new ComputerBuilder();
computerBuilder.installDisplayer("显示器");
computerBuilder.installMainUnit("主机");
computerBuilder.installKeybord("键盘");
computerBuilder.installMouse("鼠标");
Computer computer = computerBuilder.Builder();
System.out.println(computer);
}