多态案例-计算器类

4.7.2 多态案例一-计算器类

案例描述:
分别利用普通写法和多态技术，设计实现两个操作数进行运算的计算器类

多态的优点:

• 代码组织结构清晰
• 可读性强 T
• 利于前期和后期的扩展以及维护

普通写法

// Calculate.cpp : 此文件包含 "main" 函数。程序执行将在此处开始并结束。
//

#include "pch.h"
#include <iostream>
#include<string>
using namespace std;

class Calculate
{
public:
	Calculate(){}
	~Calculate(){}
	int getRestlt(string oper)
	{
		if (oper == "+")
		{
			return m_Num1 + m_Num2;
		}
		else if (oper == "-")
		{
			return m_Num1 - m_Num2;
		}
		else if (oper == "*")
		{
			return m_Num1 * m_Num2;
		}
		else if (oper == "/")
		{
			if (m_Num2 == 0)
			{
				cout << "分母为0！" << endl;
			}
			else
			{
				return m_Num1 / m_Num2;
			}
			
		}
	}
	int m_Num1;
	int m_Num2;
private:
	
};
void test01()
{
	//如果想要扩展功能，那么需要查看原始地方的所有代码，进行修改
	//因此，在真实开发中，不提倡这种写法，一般提倡 “开闭原则”
	//“开闭原则”-对扩展进行开放，对修改进行关闭
	Calculate c;
	c.m_Num1 = 10;
	c.m_Num2 = 20;
	cout << c.m_Num1 << "+" << c.m_Num2 << "=" << c.getRestlt("+") << endl;
	cout << c.m_Num1 << "-" << c.m_Num2 << "=" << c.getRestlt("-") << endl;
	cout << c.m_Num1 << "*" << c.m_Num2 << "=" << c.getRestlt("*") << endl;
	cout << c.m_Num1 << "/" << c.m_Num2 << "=" << c.getRestlt("/") << endl;
}

int main()
{
	test01();
    std::cout << "Hello World!\n"; 
}

//如果想要扩展功能，那么需要查看原始地方的所有代码，进行修改
//因此，在真实开发中，不提倡这种写法，一般提倡 “开闭原则”
//“开闭原则”-对扩展进行开放，对修改进行关闭

利用多态实现的计算器

class AbstractCalculator
{
public:
	virtual int getResult()
	{
		return 0;
	}


	int m_Num1;
	int m_Num2;
};
//加法
class AddCalculate:public AbstractCalculator
{
public:
	int getResult()
	{
		return m_Num1+ m_Num2;
	}
};
//减法
class SubCalculate :public AbstractCalculator
{
public:
	int getResult()
	{
		return m_Num1 - m_Num2;
	}
};
//乘法
class MulCalculate :public AbstractCalculator
{
public:
	int getResult()
	{
		return m_Num1 * m_Num2;
	}
};
//除法
class DivCalculate :public AbstractCalculator
{
public:
	int getResult()
	{
		if (m_Num2 != 0)
		{
			return m_Num1 / m_Num2;
		}
		else
		{
			cout << "除数为0！" << endl;
		}
		
	}
};

int doProcessCalculate(AbstractCalculator &cal)
{
	return cal.getResult();
}

void test02()
{
	//方法1：使用引用方式传递对象
/*
	AddCalculate add;
	add.m_Num1 = 100;
	add.m_Num2 = 200;
	cout << add.m_Num1 << "+" << add.m_Num2 << "=" << doProcessCalculate(add) << endl;
*/
	//方法2：使用指针方式传递对象
	AbstractCalculator *abc = new AddCalculate;
	abc->m_Num1 = 100;
	abc->m_Num2 = 200;
	cout << abc->m_Num1 << "+" << abc->m_Num2 << "=" << abc->getResult() << endl;
	//使用完记得销毁堆区的对象
	delete abc;

	abc = new SubCalculate;
	abc->m_Num1 = 100;
	abc->m_Num2 = 200;
	cout << abc->m_Num1 << "-" << abc->m_Num2 << "=" << abc->getResult() << endl;
	//使用完记得销毁堆区的对象
	delete abc;

	abc = new MulCalculate;
	abc->m_Num1 = 100;
	abc->m_Num2 = 200;
	cout << abc->m_Num1 << "*" << abc->m_Num2 << "=" << abc->getResult() << endl;
	//使用完记得销毁堆区的对象
	delete abc;

	abc = new DivCalculate;
	abc->m_Num1 = 100;
	abc->m_Num2 = 200;
	cout << abc->m_Num1 << "/" << abc->m_Num2 << "=" << abc->getResult() << endl;
	//使用完记得销毁堆区的对象
	delete abc;
}

int main()
{
	//test01();
	test02();
    std::cout << "Hello World!\n"; 
}

多态好处：
1、组织结构清晰
2、可读性强