C++实现消息发送机制&C++17新特性any

// ConsoleApplication1.cpp : 此文件包含 "main" 函数。程序执行将在此处开始并结束。
//

#include "pch.h"
#include <iostream>
#include <queue>
#include <functional>
#include <memory>
#include<string>
#include<unordered_map>
#include <string_view> // 使用 C++17 新增的 std::string_view
#include<any>
using namespace std;

// 定义消息类型的枚举
enum class MessageType {
	CHAT_MESSAGE,
	MOVE_MESSAGE,
};

// 定义消息结构体
struct ChatMessage {
	string sender;
	string receiver;
	string content;
};

struct MoveMessage {
	int playerId;
	float moveDirection;
	float moveSpeed;
};

// 定义消息类型
using MessageData = shared_ptr<void>;

// 定义消息结构体
struct Message {
	MessageType type;
	MessageData data;
};

// 消息队列
queue<Message> messageQueue;

// 注册消息处理函数的容器
unordered_map<MessageType, function<void(const Message&)>> messageHandlers;

// 发送消息函数
void sendMessage(const Message& msg) {
	messageQueue.push(msg);
}

// 注册消息处理函数
void registerMessageHandler(MessageType type, function<void(const Message&)> handler) {
	messageHandlers[type] = handler;
}

// 处理消息的函数
void processMessages() {
	while (!messageQueue.empty()) {
		Message msg = messageQueue.front();
		messageQueue.pop();

		// 查找并调用相应的消息处理函数
		auto it = messageHandlers.find(msg.type);
		if (it != messageHandlers.end()) {
			it->second(msg);
		}
	}
}

// 示例的消息处理函数
void handleChatMessage(const Message& msg) {
	const ChatMessage& chatMsg = *(static_pointer_cast<ChatMessage>(msg.data));
	cout << "Received Chat Message - Sender: " << chatMsg.sender
		<< ", Receiver: " << chatMsg.receiver
		<< ", Content: " << chatMsg.content << endl;
}

void handleMoveMessage(const Message& msg) {
	const MoveMessage& moveMsg = *(static_pointer_cast<MoveMessage>(msg.data));
	cout << "Received Move Message - Player ID: " << moveMsg.playerId
		<< ", Direction: " << moveMsg.moveDirection
		<< ", Speed: " << moveMsg.moveSpeed << endl;
}

class MyClass {
public:
	MyClass() {}
	// 设置值为数字
	void setNumber(int num) {
		value_ = num;
	}
	// 设置值为字符串
	void setString(const string& str) {
		value_ = str;
	}
	// 获取存储的值
	any getValue() const {
		return value_;
	}
private:
	any value_;
};

int main()
{
	// 注册消息处理函数
	registerMessageHandler(MessageType::CHAT_MESSAGE, handleChatMessage);
	registerMessageHandler(MessageType::MOVE_MESSAGE, handleMoveMessage);

	// 发送消息
	Message chatMsg;
	chatMsg.type = MessageType::CHAT_MESSAGE;
	chatMsg.data = make_shared<ChatMessage>(ChatMessage{ "Alice", "Bob", "Hello Bob!" });

	sendMessage(chatMsg);

	Message moveMsg;
	moveMsg.type = MessageType::MOVE_MESSAGE;
	moveMsg.data = make_shared<MoveMessage>(MoveMessage{ 1, 90.0f, 5.0f });

	sendMessage(moveMsg);

	// 处理消息
	processMessages();



	MyClass obj;

	// 设置值为数字
	obj.setNumber(42);

	// 获取并打印数字值
	cout << "Value as Number: " << any_cast<int>(obj.getValue()) << endl;

	// 设置值为字符串
	obj.setString("Hello, C++17!");

	// 获取并打印字符串值
	cout << "Value as String: " << any_cast<string>(obj.getValue()) << endl;

	return 0;
	system("pause");
	return 0;
}