远程连接ubuntu服务器报错:userauth_pubkey: key type ssh-rsa not in PubkeyAcceptedAlgorithms

报错:

使用FinalShell、Tabby等部分SSH客户端软件通过RSA密钥远程连接ECS实例时,SSH客户端提示登录失败,sshd服务日志提示如下:
userauth_pubkey: key type ssh-rsa not in PubkeyAcceptedAlgorithms [preauth]

错误原因:

Ubuntu 22.04及以上版本无法使用RSA密钥登录,在SSH协议中,ssh-rsa签名算法是SHA1的哈希算法和RSA公钥算法的结合使用。由于目前SHA1的哈希算法容易受到攻击,OpenSSH从8.7以后版本开始默认不支持ssh-rsa签名方案。在最新版本的操作系统中,OpenSSH默认不再支持ssh-rsa(rsa/SHA1)签名算法,如果指定使用ssh-rsa(rsa/SHA1)签名算法将会登录失败。

默认不支持ssh-rsa签名方案并不意味着停止使用RSA密钥,密钥可以通过多种算法进行签名,RSA密钥可以使用rsa-sha2-256(rsa/SHA256)、rsa-sha2-512(rsa/SHA512)等多种签名算法来进行签名,只有ssh-rsa(rsa/SHA1)签名算法被默认禁用。

解决:

运行以下命令,在sshd配置中允许使用ssh-rsa(rsa/SHA1)的签名算法:

echo 'PubkeyAcceptedAlgorithms=+ssh-rsa' >> /etc/ssh/sshd_config
systemctl restart sshd

该方法仅将ssh-rsa算法添加到容许登录的算法列表中,但是ssh-rsa(rsa/SHA1)依然是不安全的,如果服务对公网暴露且存在敏感数据仍不建议更换加密算法,用默认容许的方法远程连接主机。

参考:
https://help.aliyun.com/zh/ecs/user-guide/resolve-an-rsa-key-based-connection-failure-to-an-instance

penSSH_8.9p1 Ubuntu-3ubuntu0.13, OpenSSL 3.0.2 15 Mar 2022 debug1: Reading configuration data /home/naura/.ssh/config debug1: /home/naura/.ssh/config line 4: Applying options for *.*.*.* debug1: Reading configuration data /etc/ssh/ssh_config debug1: /etc/ssh/ssh_config line 19: include /etc/ssh/ssh_config.d/*.conf matched no files debug1: /etc/ssh/ssh_config line 21: Applying options for * debug2: resolve_canonicalize: hostname 172.21.42.11 is address debug1: Connecting to 172.21.42.11 [172.21.42.11] port 22. debug1: Connection established. debug1: identity file /home/naura/.ssh/id_rsa type 0 debug1: identity file /home/naura/.ssh/id_rsa-cert type -1 debug1: identity file /home/naura/.ssh/id_ecdsa type -1 debug1: identity file /home/naura/.ssh/id_ecdsa-cert type -1 debug1: identity file /home/naura/.ssh/id_ecdsa_sk type -1 debug1: identity file /home/naura/.ssh/id_ecdsa_sk-cert type -1 debug1: identity file /home/naura/.ssh/id_ed25519 type -1 debug1: identity file /home/naura/.ssh/id_ed25519-cert type -1 debug1: identity file /home/naura/.ssh/id_ed25519_sk type -1 debug1: identity file /home/naura/.ssh/id_ed25519_sk-cert type -1 debug1: identity file /home/naura/.ssh/id_xmss type -1 debug1: identity file /home/naura/.ssh/id_xmss-cert type -1 debug1: identity file /home/naura/.ssh/id_dsa type -1 debug1: identity file /home/naura/.ssh/id_dsa-cert type -1 debug1: Local version string SSH-2.0-OpenSSH_8.9p1 Ubuntu-3ubuntu0.13 debug1: Remote protocol version 2.0, remote software version OpenSSH_5.3 debug1: compat_banner: match: OpenSSH_5.3 pat OpenSSH_5* compat 0x0c000002 debug2: fd 3 setting O_NONBLOCK debug1: Authenticating to 172.21.42.11:22 as 'naura' debug1: load_hostkeys: fopen /home/naura/.ssh/known_hosts2: No such file or directory debug1: load_hostkeys: fopen /etc/ssh/ssh_known_hosts: No such file or directory debug1: load_hostkeys: fopen /etc/ssh/ssh_known_hosts2: No such file or directory debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEXINIT sent debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEXINIT received debug2: local client KEXINIT proposal debug2: KEX algorithms: curve25519-sha256,curve25519-sha256@libssh.org,ecdh-sha2-nistp256,ecdh-sha2-nistp384,ecdh-sha2-nistp521,sntrup761x25519-sha512@openssh.com,diffie-hellman-group-exchange-sha256,diffie-hellman-group16-sha512,diffie-hellman-group18-sha512,diffie-hellman-group14-sha256,ext-info-c,kex-strict-c-v00@openssh.com debug2: host key algorithms: rsa-sha2-512-cert-v01@openssh.com,rsa-sha2-256-cert-v01@openssh.com,rsa-sha2-512,rsa-sha2-256,ssh-rsa,ssh-ed25519-cert-v01@openssh.com,ecdsa-sha2-nistp256-cert-v01@openssh.com,ecdsa-sha2-nistp384-cert-v01@openssh.com,ecdsa-sha2-nistp521-cert-v01@openssh.com,sk-ssh-ed25519-cert-v01@openssh.com,sk-ecdsa-sha2-nistp256-cert-v01@openssh.com,ssh-ed25519,ecdsa-sha2-nistp256,ecdsa-sha2-nistp384,ecdsa-sha2-nistp521,sk-ssh-ed25519@openssh.com,sk-ecdsa-sha2-nistp256@openssh.com debug2: ciphers ctos: chacha20-poly1305@openssh.com,aes128-ctr,aes192-ctr,aes256-ctr,aes128-gcm@openssh.com,aes256-gcm@openssh.com debug2: ciphers stoc: chacha20-poly1305@openssh.com,aes128-ctr,aes192-ctr,aes256-ctr,aes128-gcm@openssh.com,aes256-gcm@openssh.com debug2: MACs ctos: umac-64-etm@openssh.com,umac-128-etm@openssh.com,hmac-sha2-256-etm@openssh.com,hmac-sha2-512-etm@openssh.com,hmac-sha1-etm@openssh.com,umac-64@openssh.com,umac-128@openssh.com,hmac-sha2-256,hmac-sha2-512,hmac-sha1 debug2: MACs stoc: umac-64-etm@openssh.com,umac-128-etm@openssh.com,hmac-sha2-256-etm@openssh.com,hmac-sha2-512-etm@openssh.com,hmac-sha1-etm@openssh.com,umac-64@openssh.com,umac-128@openssh.com,hmac-sha2-256,hmac-sha2-512,hmac-sha1 debug2: compression ctos: none,zlib@openssh.com,zlib debug2: compression stoc: none,zlib@openssh.com,zlib debug2: languages ctos: debug2: languages stoc: debug2: first_kex_follows 0 debug2: reserved 0 debug2: peer server KEXINIT proposal debug2: KEX algorithms: diffie-hellman-group-exchange-sha256,diffie-hellman-group-exchange-sha1,diffie-hellman-group14-sha1,diffie-hellman-group1-sha1 debug2: host key algorithms: ssh-rsa,ssh-dss debug2: ciphers ctos: aes128-ctr,aes192-ctr,aes256-ctr,arcfour256,arcfour128,aes128-cbc,3des-cbc,blowfish-cbc,cast128-cbc,aes192-cbc,aes256-cbc,arcfour,rijndael-cbc@lysator.liu.se debug2: ciphers stoc: aes128-ctr,aes192-ctr,aes256-ctr,arcfour256,arcfour128,aes128-cbc,3des-cbc,blowfish-cbc,cast128-cbc,aes192-cbc,aes256-cbc,arcfour,rijndael-cbc@lysator.liu.se debug2: MACs ctos: hmac-md5,hmac-sha1,umac-64@openssh.com,hmac-sha2-256,hmac-sha2-512,hmac-ripemd160,hmac-ripemd160@openssh.com,hmac-sha1-96,hmac-md5-96 debug2: MACs stoc: hmac-md5,hmac-sha1,umac-64@openssh.com,hmac-sha2-256,hmac-sha2-512,hmac-ripemd160,hmac-ripemd160@openssh.com,hmac-sha1-96,hmac-md5-96 debug2: compression ctos: none,zlib@openssh.com debug2: compression stoc: none,zlib@openssh.com debug2: languages ctos: debug2: languages stoc: debug2: first_kex_follows 0 debug2: reserved 0 debug1: kex: algorithm: diffie-hellman-group-exchange-sha256 debug1: kex: host key algorithm: ssh-rsa debug1: kex: server->client cipher: aes128-ctr MAC: umac-64@openssh.com compression: none debug1: kex: client->server cipher: aes128-ctr MAC: umac-64@openssh.com compression: none debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEX_DH_GEX_REQUEST(2048<3072<8192) sent debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_KEX_DH_GEX_GROUP debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEX_DH_GEX_GROUP received debug2: bits set: 1561/3072 debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEX_DH_GEX_INIT sent debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_KEX_DH_GEX_REPLY debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEX_DH_GEX_REPLY received debug1: Server host key: ssh-rsa SHA256:OzbixG+2Q88/j+Y7Wydz0dSg/doWAoaatpF8lCHUSO4 debug1: load_hostkeys: fopen /home/naura/.ssh/known_hosts2: No such file or directory debug1: load_hostkeys: fopen /etc/ssh/ssh_known_hosts: No such file or directory debug1: load_hostkeys: fopen /etc/ssh/ssh_known_hosts2: No such file or directory debug1: Host '172.21.42.11' is known and matches the RSA host key. debug1: Found key in /home/naura/.ssh/known_hosts:9 debug2: bits set: 1509/3072 debug2: ssh_set_newkeys: mode 1 debug1: rekey out after 4294967296 blocks debug1: SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS sent debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS debug1: SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS received debug2: ssh_set_newkeys: mode 0 debug1: rekey in after 4294967296 blocks debug1: get_agent_identities: bound agent to hostkey debug1: get_agent_identities: agent returned 1 keys debug1: Will attempt key: /home/naura/.ssh/id_rsa RSA SHA256:o3g0EOxHAeTeLlN8YskjQmqZCoW6RU9VWDNsKe6maYE agent debug1: Will attempt key: /home/naura/.ssh/id_ecdsa debug1: Will attempt key: /home/naura/.ssh/id_ecdsa_sk debug1: Will attempt key: /home/naura/.ssh/id_ed25519 debug1: Will attempt key: /home/naura/.ssh/id_ed25519_sk debug1: Will attempt key: /home/naura/.ssh/id_xmss debug1: Will attempt key: /home/naura/.ssh/id_dsa debug2: pubkey_prepare: done debug2: service_accept: ssh-userauth debug1: SSH2_MSG_SERVICE_ACCEPT received debug1: Authentications that can continue: publickey,gssapi-keyex,gssapi-with-mic,password debug1: Next authentication method: gssapi-with-mic debug1: No credentials were supplied, or the credentials were unavailable or inaccessible No Kerberos credentials available (default cache: FILE:/tmp/krb5cc_1000) debug1: No credentials were supplied, or the credentials were unavailable or inaccessible No Kerberos credentials available (default cache: FILE:/tmp/krb5cc_1000) debug2: we did not send a packet, disable method debug1: Next authentication method: publickey debug1: Offering public key: /home/naura/.ssh/id_rsa RSA SHA256:o3g0EOxHAeTeLlN8YskjQmqZCoW6RU9VWDNsKe6maYE agent debug2: we sent a publickey packet, wait for reply debug1: Authentications that can continue: publickey,gssapi-keyex,gssapi-with-mic,password debug1: Trying private key: /home/naura/.ssh/id_ecdsa debug1: Trying private key: /home/naura/.ssh/id_ecdsa_sk debug1: Trying private key: /home/naura/.ssh/id_ed25519 debug1: Trying private key: /home/naura/.ssh/id_ed25519_sk debug1: Trying private key: /home/naura/.ssh/id_xmss debug1: Trying private key: /home/naura/.ssh/id_dsa debug2: we did not send a packet, disable method debug1: Next authentication method: password naura@172.21.42.11's password:
07-11
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