步骤
(1)搭建环境
1、搭建数据库
-- 创建数据库mybatis
CREATE DATABASE `mybatis`;
USE mybatis;
-- 新建表 user
CREATE TABLE `user`(
`id` INT(20) NOT NULL,
`name` VARCHAR(30) DEFAULT NULL,
`pwd` VARCHAR(30) DEFAULT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY(`id`)
)ENGINE=INNODB DEFAULT charset=utf8;
-- 插入数据
INSERT INTO `user`(`id`,`name`,`pwd`)
VALUES(1,'狂神','123456'),
(2,'张三','123456'),
(3,'李四','123890');
2、新建项目
- 新建一个普通的Maven项目,不使用模板
- 删除src目录,当作父工程
- pom.xml中导入maven依赖
<!--导入依赖-->
<dependencies>
<!--mysql驱动-->
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>5.1.48</version>
</dependency>
<!--mybatis-->
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.mybatis/mybatis -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
<version>3.5.6</version>
</dependency>
<!--junit-->
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.12</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
(2)创建一个模块
1、编写Mybatis核心配置文件
<!-- mybatis-config.xml -->
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<!--configuration 核心配置文件-->
<configuration>
<environments default="development">
<environment id="development">
<transactionManager type="JDBC"/>
<dataSource type="POOLED">
<property name="driver" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"/>
<property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306?mybatis?useSSL=true&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8"/>
<property name="username" value="root"/>
<property name="password" value="123456"/>
</dataSource>
</environment>
</environments>
<!-- 每一个Mapper.xml 都需要在Mybatis核心配置文件中注册!!-->
<mappers>
<mapper resource="com/xiao/dao/UserMapper.xml"></mapper>
</mappers>
</configuration>
2、编写Mybatis工具类
package com.xiao.utils;
import org.apache.ibatis.io.Resources;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactoryBuilder;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
//工具类 sqlSessionFactory-->sqlSession
public class MybatisUtils {
private static SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory;
static{
try {
//使用Mybatis第一步:获取sqlSessionFactory对象
String resource = "mybatis-config.xml";
InputStream inputStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream(resource);
sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(inputStream);
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
//既然有了 SqlSessionFactory,顾名思义,我们可以从中获得 SqlSession 的实例。
// SqlSession 提供了在数据库执行 SQL 命令所需的所有方法
public static SqlSession getSqlSession(){
return sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
}
}
(3)编写代码
1、实体类
package com.xiao.pojo;
//实体类
public class User {
private int id;
private String name;
private String pwd;
public User() { }
public User(int id, String name, String pwd) {
this.id = id;
this.name = name;
this.pwd = pwd;
}
public int getId() { return id; }
public void setId(int id) { this.id = id; }
public String getName() { return name; }
public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; }
public String getPwd() { return pwd; }
public void setPwd(String pwd) { this.pwd = pwd; }
@Override
public String toString() {
return "User{" +
"id=" + id +
", name='" + name + '\'' +
", pwd='" + pwd + '\'' +
'}';
}
}
2、Dao接口
package com.xiao.dao;
import com.xiao.pojo.User;
import java.util.List;
//Dao接口
public interface UserDao {
//查询全部用户
List<User> getUserList();
}
3、实现类(Mapper配置文件)
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!-- UserMapper.xml -->
<!DOCTYPE mapper
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<!-- 命名空间namespace = 绑定一个对应的Dao/Mapper接口 -->
<mapper namespace="com.xiao.dao.UserDao">
<!-- 查询语句,id=方法名 -->
<select id="getUserList" resultType="com.xiao.pojo.User">
select * from mybatis.user;
</select>
</mapper>
(4)测试
问题1:org.apache.ibatis.binding.BindingException: Type interface com.xiao.dao.UserDao is not known to the MapperRegistry
解决1:
<!-- 每一个Mapper.xml 都需要在Mybatis核心配置文件中注册!!--> <mappers> <mapper resource="com/xiao/dao/UserMapper.xml"></mapper> </mappers>
问题2:Caused by: org.apache.ibatis.builder.BuilderException: Error parsing SQL Mapper Configuration. Cause: java.io.IOException: Could not find resource com/xiao/dao/UserMapper.xml(明明有,但是没有一起打包!)
解决2:
<!--在pom.xml中添加如下代码即可,最好在父子项目的pom.xml中都加,保险嘛--> <build> <resources> <!-- 编译java源码时,包含src/main/java和src/main/resources目录下的xml、properties一起 --> <!--如果想编译src/main/java目录下的,就必须做这个配置,不然编译后会丢弃.xml或者.properties等文件--> <resource> <directory>src/main/java</directory> <includes> <include>**/*.xml</include> <include>**/*.properties</include> </includes> </resource> <resource> <directory>src/main/resources</directory> <includes> <include>**/*.xml</include> <include>**/*.properties</include> </includes> </resource> </resources> </build>
1、junit测试
package com.xiao.dao;
import com.xiao.pojo.User;
import com.xiao.utils.MybatisUtils;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.junit.Test;
import java.util.List;
// junit测试
public class UserDaoTest {
@Test
public void test(){
SqlSession sqlSession = null;
//为了安全,加了try{ }...catch(){ }...finally{ }
try{
//1、获得SqlSession对象
sqlSession = MybatisUtils.getSqlSession();
//2、方式一:getMapper,执行SQL(推荐使用!)
UserDao userDao = sqlSession.getMapper(UserDao.class);
List<User> userList = userDao.getUserList();
//2、方式二(老方法)
//List<User> userList = sqlSession.selectList("com.xiao.dao.UserDao.getUserList");
for (User user : userList) {
System.out.println(user);
}
}catch(Exception e){
e.printStackTrace();
}finally {
//3、关闭SqlSession
sqlSession.close();
}
}
}
测试结果:
Mybatis入门程序步骤:
(5)CURD,万能的Map及模糊查询
注意点:
-
namespace中的包名要和 Dao/Mapper 接口的包名一致!
-
select,选择
- 查询语句
- id:就是对应的namespace中的方法名
- resultType:sql语句执行的返回值
- parameterType:参数类型
1、查询
-
我把上面的【② 第一个Mybatis程序 】中的UserDao重命名为UserMapper啦!
-
只需要在UserMapper.java接口,UserMapper.xml,以及UserMapperTest.java中添加响应代码即可即可!
1、UserMapper.java
//根据id查询用户
User getUserById(int id);
2、UserMapper.xml
<!--mapper标签中添加select标签,专注于写SQL-->
<select id="getUserById" resultType="com.xiao.pojo.User" parameterType="int">
select * from mybatis.user where id=#{id}
</select>
3、UserMapperTest.java
@Test
public void getUserById(){
//首先获取SqlSession对象sqlSession,接着sqlSession.getMapper(接口名.class),得到UserMapper的对象mapper
// 接着mapper正常调用方法,返回结果并输出,最后记得关闭资源!
SqlSession sqlSession = MybatisUtils.getSqlSession();
UserMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
User user = mapper.getUserById(1);
System.out.println(user);
sqlSession.close();
}
2、插入
- 只需要在UserMapper.java接口,UserMapper.xml,以及UserMapperTest.java中添加响应代码即可即可!
1、UserMapper.java
//插入新用户
int addUser(User user);
2、UserMapper.xml
<!--mapper标签中添加select标签-->
<!--对象中的属性,可以直接取出来,名字要对应!-->
<insert id="addUser" parameterType="com.xiao.pojo.User">
insert into mybatis.user(id,name,pwd) values(#{id},#{name},#{pwd})
</insert>
3、UserMapperTest.java
//增删改需要提交事务!!!要不然数据库表不会发生变化~
@Test
public void addUser(){
SqlSession sqlSession = MybatisUtils.getSqlSession();
UserMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
int rows = mapper.addUser(new User(4, "哈哈", "123333"));
if(rows>0){
System.out.println("插入成功!");
}
//提交事务!!!
sqlSession.commit();
sqlSession.close();
}
3、修改
- 只需要在UserMapper.java接口,UserMapper.xml,以及UserMapperTest.java中添加响应代码即可即可!
1、UserMapper.java
//修改用户
int updateUser(User user);
2、UserMapper.xml
<!--mapper标签中添加select标签-->
<!--对象中的属性,可以直接取出来,名字要对应!-->
<update id="updateUser" parameterType="com.xiao.pojo.User">
update mybatis.user set name =#{name},pwd=#{pwd} where id=#{id};
</update>
3、UserMapperTest.java
//增删改需要提交事务!!!要不然数据库表不会发生变化~
@Test
public void updateUser(){
SqlSession sqlSession = MybatisUtils.getSqlSession();
UserMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
int rows = mapper.updateUser(new User(4, "呵呵", "123123"));
if(rows>0){
System.out.println("修改成功!");
}
//提交事务!!
sqlSession.commit();
sqlSession.close();
}
4、删除
- 只需要在UserMapper.java接口,UserMapper.xml,以及UserMapperTest.java中添加响应代码即可即可!
1、UserMapper.java
//删除用户
int deleteUser(int id);
2、UserMapper.xml
<!--mapper标签中添加select标签-->
<!--对象中的属性,可以直接取出来,名字要对应!-->
<delete id="deleteUser" parameterType="int">
delete from mybatis.user where id=#{id}
</delete>
3、UserMapperTest.java
//增删改需要提交事务!!!要不然数据库表不会发生变化~
@Test
public void deleteUser(){
SqlSession sqlSession = MybatisUtils.getSqlSession();
UserMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
int rows = mapper.deleteUser(4);
if(rows>0){
System.out.println("删除成功!");
}
//提交事务
sqlSession.commit();
sqlSession.close();
}
注意点:增删改需要提交事务!
5、万能Map
- 假设,我们的实体类,或者数据库中的表,字段或者参数太多,我们要应当考虑使用Map!
1、UserMapper.java
//根据id和name查询用户
User getUserById2(Map<String,Object> map);
//万能的Map,插入新用户
int addUser2(Map<String,Object> map);
2、UserMapper.xml
<select id="getUserById2" resultType="com.xiao.pojo.User" parameterType="map">
select * from mybatis.user where id=#{id} and name=#{name};
</select>
<!--传递的是:Map的key-->
<insert id="addUser2" parameterType="map">
insert into mybatis.user(id,name,pwd) values (#{userId},#{userName},#{password});
</insert>
3、UserMapperTest.java
@Test
public void getUserByI2(){
//首先获取SqlSession对象sqlSession,接着sqlSession.getMapper(接口名.class),得到UserMapper的对象mapper
// 接着mapper正常调用方法,返回结果并输出,最后记得关闭资源!
SqlSession sqlSession = MybatisUtils.getSqlSession();
UserMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
HashMap<String, Object> map = new HashMap<String, Object>();
map.put("id",1);
map.put("name","狂神");
User user = mapper.getUserById2(map);
System.out.println(user);
sqlSession.close();
}
@Test
public void addUser2(){
SqlSession sqlSession = MybatisUtils.getSqlSession();
UserMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
Map<String, Object> map = new HashMap<String, Object>();
map.put("userId",5);
map.put("userName","Hello");
map.put("password","987654");
int rows = mapper.addUser2(map);
if(rows>0){
System.out.println("插入成功!");
}
//提交事务
sqlSession.commit();
sqlSession.close();
}
- Map传递参数:直接在sql中取出Key即可!
parameterType="map"
- 对象传递参数:直接在sql中取对象的属性即可
parameterType="com.xiao.pojo.User"
- 仅一个基本类型参数的情况,可以直接在sql中取到!
parameterType="int"
(可省略不写) - 多个参数用Map,或者注解!
6、模糊查询
- 模糊查询怎么写?
- 1、Java代码中执行的时候,传递通配符:
%参数%
- 2、在sql拼接中,使用通配符!
- 1、Java代码中执行的时候,传递通配符:
1、UserMapper.java
List<User> getUserLike(String value);
2、UserMapper.xml
<!--
select * from mybatis.user where id=? (等待用户传值)
select * from mybatis.user where id=1 or 1=1 (谨防sql注入问题!!)
-->
<select id="getUserLike" parameterType="String" resultType="com.xiao.pojo.User">
/* select * from mybatis.user where name like #{value} */
select * from mybatis.user where name like "%"#{value}"%";
</select>
3、UserMapperTest.java
//模糊查询
@Test
public void getUserLike(){
SqlSession sqlSession = MybatisUtils.getSqlSession();
UserMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
//List<User> userList = mapper.getUserLike("%李%");
List<User> userList = mapper.getUserLike("李");
for (User user : userList) {
System.out.println(user);
}
sqlSession.close();
}
第一个Mybatis程序(CURD操作),跟着狂神学习的笔记到此结束~
继续加油😊