1.检查是否有旧的 mariadb 包,需要卸载
# rpm -qa | grep mariadb
# rpm -e mariadb-libs-5.5.68-1.el7.x86_64 --nodeps
## --nodeps 表示强制卸载
2.下载并安装 mysql 仓库
# wget http://repo.mysql.com/mysql57-community-release-el7-10.noarch.rpm
# rpm -ivh mysql57-community-release-el7-10.noarch.rpm
3.查看 yum 库是否存在
# ll /etc/yum.repos.d/
4.安装新的 mysql GPG 密钥
# rpm --import https://repo.mysql.com/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql-2022
5.安装 mysql 服务,查看数据和配置文件
# yum install -y mysql-community-server
# ll /var/lib/mysql
# ll /etc/my.cnf
6.启动 mysql
# systemctl start mysqld 启动
# systemctl enable mysqld 设置自启动
7.修改 mysql 临时密码
7.1 获取临时密码
# grep 'temporary password' /var/log/mysqld.log
7.2 使用临时密码进入数据库
# mysql -uroot -p
7.3 降低风险难度(根据自己需求更改
mysql> set global validate_password_policy=0;
关于 validate_password_policy 的取值:
0/LOW:只验证长度;
1/MEDIUM:验证长度、数字、大小写、特殊字符;
2/STRONG:验证长度、数字、大小写、特殊字符、字典文件;
7.4 修改密码最小长度(根据自己需求更改
mysql> set global validate_password_length=6;
7.5 修改密码
mysql> alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified by 'new passwoed';
7.6 查看密码相关配置
## PS: 如果未修改临时密码执行此命令,会报错
"ERROR 1820 (HY000): You must reset your password using ALTER USER statement before executing this statement"
mysql> show variables like 'validate_password%';
8.远程访问设置
8.1 关闭防火墙(或设置防火墙放行 mysql
# systemctl stop firewalld ## 关闭
# systemctl disable firewalld ## 关闭开机自启
8.2 进入数据库设置
# mysql -uroot -p
mysql> use mysql;
mysql> select user,host from user;
### 如果有这一行,就不需要执行下面的命令了
mysql> update user set host = '%' where user = 'root'; # 将 localhost 改为 % 表示允许任意地址访问
mysql> flush privileges; # 刷新权限,权限更新后需要刷新
OVER over