docker使用小结

拉取镜像：

docker search mysql #搜索某镜像
docker pull centos #centos必须是小写

开启一个docker容器：-it 以交互式开启，可选

docker run -it centos  

检查正在运行的容器

docker ps 

进入某个容器：XXX为进程hash

docker attach XXX  #前台进入docker，退出会终止docker, 不推荐
docker exec -it XXX -d #后台进入，退出时不影响docker运行

退出容器：并结束进程：

exit 回车

退出容器：进程后台运行

ctrl + p + q

终止容器 : 使用docker stop $CONTAINER_ID来终止一个运行中的容器

docker stop XXXX
docker container prune #清除所有非运行状态的容器
docker rm -f $(docker ps -aq) #清除所有容器
docker rmi -f $(docker images -aq) #清除所有镜像

dockerfile 中的CMD
dockerfile 编写如下：

FROM centos
CMD ["ls","-a"]

那么 docker run 70847266b1d9
或者 docker run 70847266b1d9 ls -al
这样追加ls 命令是可以的

[root@centos docker]# docker build -f dockerfile-cmd-test -t cmdtest .
Sending build context to Docker daemon  2.048kB
Step 1/2 : FROM centos
 ---> 5d0da3dc9764
Step 2/2 : CMD ["ls","-a"]
 ---> Using cache
 ---> 70847266b1d9
Successfully built 70847266b1d9
Successfully tagged cmdtest:latest
[root@centos docker]# docker run 70847266b1d9
.
..
.dockerenv
bin
dev
etc
home
lib
lib64
lost+found
media
mnt
opt
proc
root
run
sbin
srv
sys
tmp
usr
var
[root@centos docker]# docker run 70847266b1d9 -l
docker: Error response from daemon: OCI runtime create failed: container_linux.go:380: starting container process caused: exec: "-l": executable file not found in $PATH: unknown.
ERRO[0000] error waiting for container: context canceled
[root@centos docker]# docker run 70847266b1d9 ls -al
total 0
drwxr-xr-x   1 root root   6 Mar 13 23:09 .
drwxr-xr-x   1 root root   6 Mar 13 23:09 ..
-rwxr-xr-x   1 root root   0 Mar 13 23:09 .dockerenv
lrwxrwxrwx   1 root root   7 Nov  3  2020 bin -> usr/bin
drwxr-xr-x   5 root root 340 Mar 13 23:09 dev
drwxr-xr-x   1 root root  66 Mar 13 23:09 etc
drwxr-xr-x   2 root root   6 Nov  3  2020 home
lrwxrwxrwx   1 root root   7 Nov  3  2020 lib -> usr/lib
lrwxrwxrwx   1 root root   9 Nov  3  2020 lib64 -> usr/lib64
drwx------   2 root root   6 Sep 15 14:17 lost+found
drwxr-xr-x   2 root root   6 Nov  3  2020 media
drwxr-xr-x   2 root root   6 Nov  3  2020 mnt
drwxr-xr-x   2 root root   6 Nov  3  2020 opt
dr-xr-xr-x 196 root root   0 Mar 13 23:09 proc
dr-xr-x---   2 root root 162 Sep 15 14:17 root
drwxr-xr-x  11 root root 163 Sep 15 14:17 run
lrwxrwxrwx   1 root root   8 Nov  3  2020 sbin -> usr/sbin
drwxr-xr-x   2 root root   6 Nov  3  2020 srv
dr-xr-xr-x  13 root root   0 Mar 13 23:09 sys
drwxrwxrwt   7 root root 171 Sep 15 14:17 tmp
drwxr-xr-x  12 root root 144 Sep 15 14:17 usr
drwxr-xr-x  20 root root 262 Sep 15 14:17 var

但如果是entrypoint
DOCKERFILE 长成这样：

FROM centos
CMD ["ls","-a"]

[root@centos docker]# docker build -f dockerfile-cmd-entrypoint -t cmdentrypoint .
Sending build context to Docker daemon  4.608kB
Step 1/2 : FROM centos
 ---> 5d0da3dc9764
Step 2/2 : ENTRYPOINT ["ls","-a"]
 ---> Running in 761f02199690
Removing intermediate container 761f02199690
 ---> 2a8658ff18a9
Successfully built 2a8658ff18a9
Successfully tagged cmdentrypoint:latest
[root@centos docker]# docker run 2a8658ff18a9 -l
total 0
drwxr-xr-x   1 root root   6 Mar 13 23:16 .
drwxr-xr-x   1 root root   6 Mar 13 23:16 ..
-rwxr-xr-x   1 root root   0 Mar 13 23:16 .dockerenv
lrwxrwxrwx   1 root root   7 Nov  3  2020 bin -> usr/bin
drwxr-xr-x   5 root root 340 Mar 13 23:16 dev
drwxr-xr-x   1 root root  66 Mar 13 23:16 etc
drwxr-xr-x   2 root root   6 Nov  3  2020 home
lrwxrwxrwx   1 root root   7 Nov  3  2020 lib -> usr/lib
lrwxrwxrwx   1 root root   9 Nov  3  2020 lib64 -> usr/lib64
drwx------   2 root root   6 Sep 15 14:17 lost+found
drwxr-xr-x   2 root root   6 Nov  3  2020 media
drwxr-xr-x   2 root root   6 Nov  3  2020 mnt
drwxr-xr-x   2 root root   6 Nov  3  2020 opt
dr-xr-xr-x 195 root root   0 Mar 13 23:16 proc
dr-xr-x---   2 root root 162 Sep 15 14:17 root
drwxr-xr-x  11 root root 163 Sep 15 14:17 run
lrwxrwxrwx   1 root root   8 Nov  3  2020 sbin -> usr/sbin
drwxr-xr-x   2 root root   6 Nov  3  2020 srv
dr-xr-xr-x  13 root root   0 Mar 13 23:09 sys
drwxrwxrwt   7 root root 171 Sep 15 14:17 tmp
drwxr-xr-x  12 root root 144 Sep 15 14:17 usr
drwxr-xr-x  20 root root 262 Sep 15 14:17 var
[root@centos docker]# [root@centos docker]# docker run 70847266b1d9 -l

docker数据卷：的持久化

卷就是目录或文件，数据卷就是数据(一个文件或者文件夹)。存在于一个或多个容器中，由docker挂载到容器，但不属于联合文件系统，因此能绕过union file system，提供一些持续存储或共享数据的特性
共享数据 + 容器间继承 -

• 容器拷贝到主机： docker cp

题外话：
redis 是基于内存的，但为何断电后恢复机器运行，redis还能缓存之前的数据？
因为aop