springmvc中listeners加载失败

一个或多个listeners启动失败，更多详细信息查看对应的容器日志文件
控制台打印错误

11-Dec-2021 21:40:28.155 警告 [RMI TCP Connection(3)-127.0.0.1] org.apache.tomcat.util.descriptor.web.WebXml.setVersion 未知版本字符串 [4.0]。将使用默认版本。
11-Dec-2021 21:40:29.166 信息 [RMI TCP Connection(3)-127.0.0.1] org.apache.jasper.servlet.TldScanner.scanJars 至少有一个JAR被扫描用于TLD但尚未包含TLD。 为此记录器启用调试日志记录，以获取已扫描但未在其中找到TLD的完整JAR列表。 在扫描期间跳过不需要的JAR可以缩短启动时间和JSP编译时间。
11-Dec-2021 21:40:29.188 严重 [RMI TCP Connection(3)-127.0.0.1] org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.startInternal 一个或多个listeners启动失败，更多详细信息查看对应的容器日志文件
11-Dec-2021 21:40:29.189 严重 [RMI TCP Connection(3)-127.0.0.1] org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.startInternal 由于之前的错误，Context[/Spring_MVC]启动失败
11-Dec-2021 21:40:37.679 信息 [localhost-startStop-1] org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployDirectory 把web 应用程序部署到目录 [E:\tool\tomcat\apache-tomcat-8.5.72\webapps\manager]
11-Dec-2021 21:40:37.744 信息 [localhost-startStop-1] org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployDirectory Web应用程序目录[E:\tool\tomcat\apache-tomcat-8.5.72\webapps\manager]的部署已在[64]毫秒内完成

tomcat本地日志

11-Dec-2021 21:40:29.188 严重 [RMI TCP Connection(3)-127.0.0.1] org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.listenerStart 配置应用程序监听器[org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener]错误
	java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener
		at org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoaderBase.loadClass(WebappClassLoaderBase.java:1415)
		at org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoaderBase.loadClass(WebappClassLoaderBase.java:1223)
		at org.apache.catalina.core.DefaultInstanceManager.loadClass(DefaultInstanceManager.java:537)
		at org.apache.catalina.core.DefaultInstanceManager.loadClassMaybePrivileged(DefaultInstanceManager.java:518)
		at org.apache.catalina.core.DefaultInstanceManager.newInstance(DefaultInstanceManager.java:149)
		at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.listenerStart(StandardContext.java:4686)
		at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.startInternal(StandardContext.java:5232)
		at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:183)
		at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.addChildInternal(ContainerBase.java:753)
		at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.addChild(ContainerBase.java:727)
		at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost.addChild(StandardHost.java:695)
		at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.manageApp(HostConfig.java:1775)
		at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
		at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
		at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
		at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)
		at org.apache.tomcat.util.modeler.BaseModelMBean.invoke(BaseModelMBean.java:291)
		at com.sun.jmx.interceptor.DefaultMBeanServerInterceptor.invoke(DefaultMBeanServerInterceptor.java:819)
		at com.sun.jmx.mbeanserver.JmxMBeanServer.invoke(JmxMBeanServer.java:801)
		at org.apache.catalina.mbeans.MBeanFactory.createStandardContext(MBeanFactory.java:483)
		at org.apache.catalina.mbeans.MBeanFactory.createStandardContext(MBeanFactory.java:431)
		at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
		at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
		at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
		at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)
		at org.apache.tomcat.util.modeler.BaseModelMBean.invoke(BaseModelMBean.java:291)
		at com.sun.jmx.interceptor.DefaultMBeanServerInterceptor.invoke(DefaultMBeanServerInterceptor.java:819)
		at com.sun.jmx.mbeanserver.JmxMBeanServer.invoke(JmxMBeanServer.java:801)
		at com.sun.jmx.remote.security.MBeanServerAccessController.invoke(MBeanServerAccessController.java:468)
		at javax.management.remote.rmi.RMIConnectionImpl.doOperation(RMIConnectionImpl.java:1468)
		at javax.management.remote.rmi.RMIConnectionImpl.access$300(RMIConnectionImpl.java:76)
		at javax.management.remote.rmi.RMIConnectionImpl$PrivilegedOperation.run(RMIConnectionImpl.java:1309)
		at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)
		at javax.management.remote.rmi.RMIConnectionImpl.doPrivilegedOperation(RMIConnectionImpl.java:1408)
		at javax.management.remote.rmi.RMIConnectionImpl.invoke(RMIConnectionImpl.java:829)
		at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
		at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
		at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
		at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)
		at sun.rmi.server.UnicastServerRef.dispatch(UnicastServerRef.java:357)
		at sun.rmi.transport.Transport$1.run(Transport.java:200)
		at sun.rmi.transport.Transport$1.run(Transport.java:197)
		at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)
		at sun.rmi.transport.Transport.serviceCall(Transport.java:196)
		at sun.rmi.transport.tcp.TCPTransport.handleMessages(TCPTransport.java:573)
		at sun.rmi.transport.tcp.TCPTransport$ConnectionHandler.run0(TCPTransport.java:834)
		at sun.rmi.transport.tcp.TCPTransport$ConnectionHandler.lambda$run$0(TCPTransport.java:688)
		at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)
		at sun.rmi.transport.tcp.TCPTransport$ConnectionHandler.run(TCPTransport.java:687)
		at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1149)
		at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:624)
		at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:748)
11-Dec-2021 21:40:29.188 严重 [RMI TCP Connection(3)-127.0.0.1] org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.listenerStart 由于以前的错误，已跳过安装应用程序侦听器

解决办法：
右键选中项目后，按F4或者点击File—>Project Structure
进入Project Structure窗口后按图找到Put into Output Root，点击并执行，在WEB-INF会增加lib目录，里面是项目引用的jar包，点击OK。再次部署应用就能成功运行了。