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文章目录
前言
本章节会给大家带来基于文本编辑器 Easy Word V1.1开发升级到Easy Word V1.2开发的解析。
一、文本编辑器 Easy Word V1.2 槽函数与框架连接解析
1.1、缩放功能
(1)在 “mainwindow.h” 头文件中添加 “private slots:” 变量:
void ShowZoomIn(); //缩放功能放大
(2)在 createActions() 函数的”“放大“动作“最后添加事件关联:
connect(zoomInAction,SIGNAL(triggered()),this,SLOT(ShowZoomIn()));
(3)实现图形放大功能的函数 ShowZoomln()如下:
void MainWindow::ShowZoomIn() //图像放大
{
if(img.isNull()) //有效性判断
{
return;
}
QMatrix matrix; //声明一个QMatrix类的实例
matrix.scale(2,2); //(a)
img = img.transformed(matrix);
showWidget->imageLabel->setPixmap(QPixmap::fromImage(img));
}
其中, matrix.scale(2,2)、 img = img.transformed(matrix):按照 2 倍比例对水平和垂直方向进行放大,并将当前显示的图形按照该坐标矩阵进行转换。QMatrix & QMatrix::scale(qreal sx,qreal sy)函数返回缩放后的 matrix 对象引用,若要实现 2
倍比例的缩小,则将参数 sx 和 sy 改为 0.5 即可。
(4)在 “mainwindow.h” 头文件中添加 “private slots:” 变量:
void ShowZoomOut(); //缩放功能缩小
(5)在 createActionsO 函数的"''缩小“动作“最后添加事件关联:
connect (zoomOutAction, SIGNAL(triggered ()), this, SLOT (ShowZoomOut()));
(6)实现图形缩小功能的函数 ShowZoomOutO如下:
void MainWindow::ShowZoomOut() //图像缩小
{
if (img.isNull())
{
return;
}
QMatrix matrix;
matrix.scale(0.5,0.5); //(a)
img=img.transformed(matrix);
showWidget->imageLabel->setPixmap(QPixmap::fromImage(img));
}
其中,
(a)scale(qreal sx,qreal sy): 此函数的参数是 qreal 类型值。 qreal 定义了一种 double 数据类
型,该数据类型适用于所有的平台。需要注意的是,对千 ARM 体系结构的平台, qreal 是一种float 类型 。 在 Qt 5 中还声明了 一 些指定位长度的数据类型,目的是保证程序能够在 Qt 支待的所有平台上正常运行。例如, qint8 表示一个有符号的 8 位字节, qlonglong 表示 long long int 类型,与 qint64 相同。
1.2、旋转功能
ShowRotate90()函数实现的是图形的旋转,此函数实现坐标的逆时针旋转 90° 。
(1)在 “mainwindow.h” 头文件中添加 “private slots:” 变量:
void ShowRotate90(); //旋转90°
(2)在 createActionsO函数的“旋转 90°" 最后添加事件关联:
connect(rotate90Action, SIGNAL (triggered()), this, SLOT (ShowRotate90()));
(3)ShowRotate90()函数的具体实现代码如下:
void MainWindow::ShowRotate90() //旋转90°
{
if(img.isNull())
{
return;
}
QMatrix matrix;
matrix.rotate(90);
img = img.transformed(matrix);
showWidget->imageLabel->setPixmap(QPixmap::fromImage(img));
}
(4)在 “mainwindow.h” 头文件中添加 "private slots : " 变量:
void ShowRotate180(); //旋转180°
void ShowRotate270 (); //旋转270°
(5)在 createActions() 函数的“旋转 180°" “旋转 270°” 最后分别添加事件关联:
connect(rotate180Action, SIGNAL (triggered()), this, SLOT (ShowRotate180()));
connect(rotate270Action, SIGNAL (triggered()), this, SLOT (ShowRotate270()));
(6)ShowRotate 180() 、 ShowRotate270()函数的具体实现代码如下:
void MainWindow::ShowRotate180() //旋转180°
{
if(img.isNull())
{
return;
}
QMatrix matrix;
matrix.rotate(180);
img = img.transformed(matrix);
showWidget->imageLabel->setPixmap(QPixmap::fromImage(img));
}
void MainWindow::ShowRotate270() //旋转270°
{
if(img.isNull())
{
return;
}
QMatrix matrix;
matrix.rotate(270);
img = img.transformed(matrix);
showWidget->imageLabel->setPixmap(QPixmap::fromImage(img));
}
1.3、镜像功能
ShowMirrorVertical() 函数实现的是图形的纵向镜像, ShowMirrorHorizontal() 函数实现的则是横向镜像。通过 Qlmage::mirrored(bool horizontal,bool vertical) 实现图形的镜像功能,参数horizontal 和 vertical 分别指定了镜像的方向。具体实现步骤如下。
(1)在 “mainwindow.h” 头文件中添加 “private slots:” 变量:
void ShowMirrorVertical(); //纵向
void ShowMirrorHorizontal (); //横向
(2)在 createActionsO 函数的“纵向镜像”“横向镜像“最后分别添加事件关联:
connect (mirrorVerticalAction, SIGNAL (triggered()), this, SLOT (ShowMirrorVertical()));
connect (mirrorHorizontalAction, SIGNAL (triggered()), this, SLOT (ShowMirrorHorizontal ()));
(3)ShowMirrorVertical()、 ShowMirrorHorizontal ()函数的具体实现代码如下:
void MainWindow::ShowMirrorVertical() //纵向镜像
{
if(img. isNull ())
return;
img=img.mirrored(false,true);
showWidget->imageLabel->setPixmap(QPixmap::fromImage(img));
}
void MainWindow::ShowMirrorHorizontal() //横向镜像
{
if(img. isNull ())
return;
img=img.mirrored(true,false);
showWidget->imageLabel->setPixmap(QPixmap::fromImage(img));
}
二、效果实例
图一
图二
图标和图片放到新建的Resources中
三、原码解析
工程文件(包含图标)已经上传GitHub,通过git直接拉取即可
git clone https://github.com/dhn111/EasyWord.git
mainwindow.h
#ifndef MAINWINDOW_H
#define MAINWINDOW_H
#include <QMainWindow>
#include <QImage>
#include <QLabel>
#include <QMenu>
#include <QMenuBar>
#include <QAction>
#include <QComboBox>
#include <QSpinBox>
#include <QToolBar>
#include <QFontComboBox>
#include <QToolButton>
#include <QTextCharFormat>
#include "showwidget.h"
#include <QApplication>
#include <QFileDialog>
#include <QFile>
#include <QTextStream> //读入文本
#include <QDebug>
#include <QByteArray>
#include <QTextCodec>
#include <QtPrintSupport/QPrintDialog> //打印文本
#include <QtPrintSupport/QPrinter>
#include <QPainter> //打印图片
#include <QRect>
class MainWindow : public QMainWindow
{
Q_OBJECT
public:
MainWindow(QWidget *parent = 0);
~MainWindow();
void createActions(); //创建动作
void createMenus(); //创建菜单
void createToolBars (); //创建工具栏
void loadFile(QString filename);
void mergeFormat(QTextCharFormat);
private:
QMenu *fileMenu; //各项菜单栏
QMenu *zoomMenu;
QMenu *rotateMenu;
QMenu *mirrorMenu;
QImage img;
QString fileName;
ShowWidget *showWidget;
QAction *openFileAction; //文件菜单项
QAction *NewFileAction;
QAction *PrintTextAction;
QAction *PrintImageAction;
QAction *exitAction;
QAction *copyAction; //编辑菜单项
QAction *cutAction;
QAction *pasteAction;
QAction *aboutAction;
QAction *zoomInAction;
QAction *zoomOutAction;
QAction *rotate90Action; //旋转菜单项
QAction *rotate180Action;
QAction *rotate270Action;
QAction *mirrorVerticalAction; //镜像菜单项
QAction *mirrorHorizontalAction;
QAction *undoAction;
QAction *redoAction;
QToolBar *fileTool; //工具栏
QToolBar *zoomTool;
QToolBar *rotateTool;
QToolBar *mirrorTool;
QToolBar *doToolBar;
private slots:
void ShowNewFile(); //新建文件
void ShowOpenFile(); //打开文件
void ShowPrintText(); //打印文本
void ShowPrintImage(); //打印图像
void ShowZoomIn(); //缩放功能放大
void ShowZoomOut(); //缩放功能缩小
void ShowRotate90(); //旋转90°
void ShowRotate180(); //旋转180°
void ShowRotate270 (); //旋转270°
void ShowMirrorVertical(); //纵向
void ShowMirrorHorizontal (); //横向
};
#endif // MAINWINDOW_H
showwidget.h
#ifndef SHOWWIDGET_H
#define SHOWWIDGET_H
#include <QWidget>
#include <QImage>
#include <QLabel>
#include <QTextEdit>
#include <QHBoxLayout>
class ShowWidget : public QWidget
{
Q_OBJECT
public:
explicit ShowWidget(QWidget *parent = nullptr);
QImage img;
QLabel *imageLabel;
QTextEdit *text;
signals:
public slots:
};
#endif // SHOWWIDGET_H
main.cpp
#include "mainwindow.h"
#include <QApplication>
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
QApplication a(argc, argv);
MainWindow w;
w.show();
return a.exec();
}
mainwindow.cpp
#include "mainwindow.h"
MainWindow::MainWindow(QWidget *parent)
: QMainWindow(parent)
{
//各项菜单栏
fileMenu = new QMenu;
zoomMenu = new QMenu;
rotateMenu = new QMenu;
mirrorMenu = new QMenu;
showWidget = new ShowWidget;
//文件菜单
openFileAction =new QAction;
NewFileAction =new QAction;
PrintTextAction =new QAction;
PrintImageAction =new QAction;
exitAction = new QAction;
//缩放菜单
copyAction =new QAction;
cutAction =new QAction;
pasteAction =new QAction;
aboutAction =new QAction;
zoomInAction =new QAction;
zoomOutAction=new QAction;
//旋转菜单项
rotate90Action =new QAction;
rotate180Action=new QAction;
rotate270Action=new QAction;
//镜像菜单项
mirrorVerticalAction =new QAction;
mirrorHorizontalAction=new QAction;
undoAction =new QAction;
redoAction =new QAction;
//工具栏
fileTool = new QToolBar;
zoomTool = new QToolBar;
rotateTool = new QToolBar;
mirrorTool = new QToolBar;
doToolBar = new QToolBar;
setWindowTitle(tr("Easy Word")); //设置窗体标题
showWidget =new ShowWidget(this); //(a)
setCentralWidget(showWidget);
/*创建动作、菜单、工具栏的函数*/
createActions() ;
createMenus();
createToolBars();
if(img.load(":/src/PKQ.png"))
{
//在 imageLabel 对象中放置图片
showWidget->imageLabel->setPixmap(QPixmap::fromImage(img));
}
}
MainWindow::~MainWindow()
{
}
void MainWindow::createActions()
{
//“打开”动作
openFileAction =new QAction(QIcon(":/src/open.png"),tr("打开"),this); //(a)
openFileAction->setShortcut (tr ("Ctrl+O")); //(b)
openFileAction->setStatusTip(tr("打开一个文件 ")); //(c)
connect(openFileAction,SIGNAL(triggered()),this,SLOT(ShowOpenFile()));
//"新建“动作
NewFileAction =new QAction(QIcon(":/src/new.png"),tr("新建"),this);
NewFileAction->setShortcut(tr("Ctrl+N"));
NewFileAction->setStatusTip(tr("新建一个文件"));
connect(NewFileAction, SIGNAL (triggered()) , this, SLOT (ShowNewFile())) ;
// "退出“动作
exitAction =new QAction(tr("退出"),this);
exitAction->setShortcut(tr("Ctrl+Q"));
exitAction->setStatusTip(tr("退出程序")) ;
connect (exitAction, SIGNAL (triggered()), this, SLOT (close()));
// "复制”动作
copyAction =new QAction(QIcon(":/src/copy.png"),tr("复制"),this);
copyAction->setShortcut(tr("Ctrl+C"));
copyAction->setStatusTip(tr(" 复制文件")) ;
connect(copyAction,SIGNAL( triggered ()), showWidget->text, SLOT(copy()));
//"剪切“动作
cutAction =new QAction(QIcon(":/src/cut.png"),tr("剪切"),this);
cutAction->setShortcut(tr("Ctrl+X"));
cutAction->setStatusTip(tr("剪切文件")) ;
connect(cutAction,SIGNAL( triggered ()), showWidget->text, SLOT (cut()));
//"粘贴“动作
pasteAction =new QAction(QIcon(":/src/paste.png"),tr("粘贴"),this);
pasteAction->setShortcut(tr("Ctrl+V"));
pasteAction->setStatusTip(tr("粘贴文件")) ;
connect(pasteAction,SIGNAL(triggered()),showWidget->text,SLOT (paste()));
//"关于“动作
aboutAction =new QAction(tr("关于"),this);
connect(aboutAction,SIGNAL(triggered()),this,SLOT(QApplication::aboutQt()));
//"打印文本“动作
PrintTextAction =new QAction(QIcon(":/src/printText.png"),tr(" 打印文本"), this);
PrintTextAction->setStatusTip(tr("打印一个文本"));
connect (PrintTextAction, SIGNAL (triggered()), this, SLOT (ShowPrintText ()));
//"打印图片“动作
PrintImageAction =new QAction(QIcon (":/src/printimage.png" ), tr("打印图片"), this);
PrintImageAction->setStatusTip(tr("打印一幅图片"));
connect(PrintImageAction, SIGNAL (triggered()), this, SLOT (ShowPrintImage()));
//"放大“动作
zoomInAction =new QAction (QIcon(":/src/zoomin.png"),tr(" 放大 "),this);
zoomInAction->setStatusTip(tr("放大一幅图片"));
connect(zoomInAction,SIGNAL(triggered()),this,SLOT(ShowZoomIn()));
//"缩小“动作
zoomOutAction =new QAction(QIcon(":/src/zoomout.png"),tr("缩小 "),this);
zoomOutAction->setStatusTip(tr("缩小一幅图片 "));
connect (zoomOutAction, SIGNAL(triggered ()), this, SLOT (ShowZoomOut()));
//实现图片旋转的动作 (Action)
//旋转 90°
rotate90Action =new QAction (QIcon (":/src/rotate90.png"), tr("旋转 90°") ,this);
rotate90Action->setStatusTip(tr("将一幅图旋转90°"));
connect(rotate90Action, SIGNAL (triggered()), this, SLOT (ShowRotate90()));
//旋转180°
rotate180Action =new QAction (QIcon(":/src/rotate180.png"), tr("旋转 180°"), this);
rotate180Action->setStatusTip(tr("将一幅图旋转180°"));
connect(rotate180Action, SIGNAL (triggered()), this, SLOT (ShowRotate180()));
//旋转270°
rotate270Action =new QAction(QIcon (":/src/rotate270.png"), tr("旋转 270°"), this);
rotate270Action->setStatusTip(tr("将一幅图旋转 270°"));
connect(rotate270Action, SIGNAL (triggered()), this, SLOT (ShowRotate270()));
//实现图片镜像的动作(Action)
//纵向镜像
mirrorVerticalAction =new QAction(QIcon(":/src/mirrorVertical.png"),tr("纵向镜像"), this);
mirrorVerticalAction->setStatusTip(tr("对一幅图做纵向镜像")) ;
connect (mirrorVerticalAction, SIGNAL (triggered()), this, SLOT (ShowMirrorVertical()));
//横向镜像
mirrorHorizontalAction =new QAction(QIcon(":/src/mirrorHorizontal.png"),tr("横向镜像 "),this);
mirrorHorizontalAction->setStatusTip(tr("对一幅图做横向镜像")) ;
connect (mirrorHorizontalAction, SIGNAL (triggered()), this, SLOT (ShowMirrorHorizontal ()));
//实现撤销和重做的动作(ACtion)
//撤销和重做
undoAction =new QAction (QIcon(":/src/undo.png"),"撤销",this);
connect(undoAction,SIGNAL(triggered()),showWidget->text,SLOT(undo()));
redoAction =new QAction(QIcon(":/src/redo.png"),"重做",this);
connect(redoAction, SIGNAL(triggered()),showWidget->text,SLOT(redo()));
}
void MainWindow::createMenus()
{
//文件菜单
fileMenu =menuBar()->addMenu(tr("文件")) ;
fileMenu->addAction(openFileAction);
fileMenu->addAction(NewFileAction);
fileMenu->addAction(PrintTextAction);
fileMenu->addAction(PrintImageAction);
fileMenu->addSeparator();
fileMenu->addAction(exitAction);
//缩放菜单
zoomMenu =menuBar()->addMenu(tr("编辑")) ;
zoomMenu->addAction(copyAction);
zoomMenu->addAction(cutAction);
zoomMenu->addAction(pasteAction);
zoomMenu->addAction(aboutAction);
zoomMenu->addSeparator();
zoomMenu->addAction(zoomInAction);
zoomMenu->addAction(zoomOutAction);
//旋转菜单
rotateMenu =menuBar ()->addMenu(tr("旋转")) ;
rotateMenu->addAction(rotate90Action);
rotateMenu->addAction(rotate180Action);
rotateMenu->addAction(rotate270Action);
//镜像菜单
mirrorMenu =menuBar()->addMenu(tr(" 镜像")) ;
mirrorMenu->addAction(mirrorVerticalAction);
mirrorMenu->addAction(mirrorHorizontalAction);
}
void MainWindow::createToolBars()
{
//文件工具条
fileTool =addToolBar("File");
fileTool->addAction(openFileAction);
fileTool->addAction(NewFileAction);
fileTool->addAction(PrintTextAction);
fileTool->addAction(PrintImageAction);
//编辑工具条
zoomTool =addToolBar("Edit");
zoomTool->addAction(copyAction);
zoomTool->addAction(cutAction);
zoomTool->addAction(pasteAction);
zoomTool->addSeparator();
zoomTool->addAction(zoomInAction);
zoomTool->addAction(zoomOutAction);
//旋转工具条
rotateTool =addToolBar("rotate");
rotateTool->addAction(rotate90Action);
rotateTool->addAction(rotate180Action);
rotateTool->addAction(rotate270Action);
//撤销和重做工具条
doToolBar =addToolBar("doEdit");
doToolBar->addAction(undoAction);
doToolBar->addAction(redoAction);
}
void MainWindow::ShowNewFile() //新建文件的槽
{
MainWindow *newMainWindow =new MainWindow;
newMainWindow->show();
}
void MainWindow::ShowOpenFile() //读取文件的槽
{
fileName =QFileDialog::getOpenFileName(this);
if(!fileName.isEmpty())
{
if(showWidget->text->document()->isEmpty())
{
loadFile(fileName);
}else
{
MainWindow *newMainWindows = new MainWindow;
newMainWindows->show();
newMainWindows->loadFile(fileName);
}
}
}
#if 1
void MainWindow::loadFile(QString filename)
{
QFile file(filename);
if(file.open(QIODevice::ReadOnly|QIODevice::Text))
{
QTextStream textStream(&file);
while(!textStream.atEnd())
{
showWidget->text->append(textStream.readLine());
}
}
}
#endif
#if 0
void MainWindow::loadFile(QString filename)
{
QFile file(filename);
QTextCodec *codec = QTextCodec::codecForName("GBK");
if(file.open(QIODevice::ReadOnly|QIODevice::Text))
{
while(!file.atEnd())
{
QByteArray line = file.readLine();
QString str = codec->toUnicode(line);
showWidget->text->append(str);
//qDebug()<<textStream.readLine();
}
}
}
#endif
void MainWindow::ShowPrintText() //文本打印
{
QPrinter printer;
QPrintDialog printDialog(&printer,this);
if(printDialog.exec())
{
//获得QTextEdit对象的文档
QTextDocument *doc =showWidget->text->document();
doc->print(&printer); //打印
}
}
void MainWindow::ShowPrintImage() //图像打印
{
QPrinter printer;
QPrintDialog printDialog(&printer,this);
if(printDialog.exec())
{
QPainter painter(&printer);
QRect rect =painter.viewport(); //获得QPainter对象的视图矩形区域
QSize size = img.size(); //获得图像的大小
/*按照图形的比例大小重新设置视图矩形区域*/
size.scale(rect.size(), Qt::KeepAspectRatio);
painter.setViewport(rect.x(),rect.y(),size.width(),size.height());
painter.setWindow(img.rect());
painter.drawImage(0,0,img);
}
}
void MainWindow::ShowZoomIn() //图像放大
{
if(img.isNull()) //有效性判断
{
return;
}
QMatrix matrix; //声明一个QMatrix类的实例
matrix.scale(2,2);
img = img.transformed(matrix);
showWidget->imageLabel->setPixmap(QPixmap::fromImage(img));
}
void MainWindow::ShowZoomOut() //图像缩小
{
if (img.isNull())
{
return;
}
QMatrix matrix;
matrix.scale(0.5,0.5);
img=img.transformed(matrix);
showWidget->imageLabel->setPixmap(QPixmap::fromImage(img));
}
void MainWindow::ShowRotate90() //旋转90°
{
if(img.isNull())
{
return;
}
QMatrix matrix;
matrix.rotate(90);
img = img.transformed(matrix);
showWidget->imageLabel->setPixmap(QPixmap::fromImage(img));
}
void MainWindow::ShowRotate180() //旋转180°
{
if(img.isNull())
{
return;
}
QMatrix matrix;
matrix.rotate(180);
img = img.transformed(matrix);
showWidget->imageLabel->setPixmap(QPixmap::fromImage(img));
}
void MainWindow::ShowRotate270() //旋转270°
{
if(img.isNull())
{
return;
}
QMatrix matrix;
matrix.rotate(270);
img = img.transformed(matrix);
showWidget->imageLabel->setPixmap(QPixmap::fromImage(img));
}
void MainWindow::ShowMirrorVertical() //纵向镜像
{
if(img. isNull ())
return;
img=img.mirrored(false,true);
showWidget->imageLabel->setPixmap(QPixmap::fromImage(img));
}
void MainWindow::ShowMirrorHorizontal() //横向镜像
{
if(img. isNull ())
return;
img=img.mirrored(true,false);
showWidget->imageLabel->setPixmap(QPixmap::fromImage(img));
}
showwidget.cpp
#include "showwidget.h"
ShowWidget::ShowWidget(QWidget *parent) : QWidget(parent)
{
imageLabel =new QLabel;
imageLabel->setScaledContents( true);
text =new QTextEdit;
QHBoxLayout *mainLayout =new QHBoxLayout(this);
mainLayout->addWidget(imageLabel);
mainLayout->addWidget(text);
}
四、总结
窗口构成会在应用程序开发中经常用到的