Alamofire常见GET/POST等请求方式的使用，响应直接为json

Alamofire

官方仓库地址：https://github.com/Alamofire/Alamofire

xcode中安装和使用：swift网络库Alamofire的安装及简单使用，苹果开发必备-CSDN博客

Alamofire是一个基于Swift语言开发的优秀网络请求库。它封装了底层的网络请求工作，提供了更简单、更易用的接口，大大简化了网络请求代码的编写。Alamofire提供了一套优雅且易于理解的API，使得开发者可以轻松发起各种类型的HTTP请求。它支持GET、POST、PUT、DELETE等常用的请求方法，并且提供了丰富的参数设置选项。Alamofire提供了强大的响应处理功能，支持数据解析、文件上传和下载等常见需求。它基于Swift的特性和语法，代码简洁、可读性强，易于维护和扩展。

GET请求

get请求是最常见的一种请求方式了，默认AF.request发送的就是get请求，代码示例：

    // get请求
    func getData() {
        print("发送get请求")
        // 准备一个url
        let url = "https://github.com/xiaoyouxinqing/PostDemo/raw/master/PostDemo/Resources/PostListData_hot_1.json"
        // 使用Alamofile发起请求，默认是GET
        AF.request(url).responseData(completionHandler: { res in
            // response.result为枚举类型，所以需要使用switch
            switch res.result {
                case let .success(Data):
                    // 将Data类型的数据转为Json字符串
                    let jsonString = try? JSONSerialization.jsonObject(with: Data)
                    // 打印json字符串
                    print("success\(String(describing: jsonString))")
                case let .failure(error):
                    print("error\(error)")
            }
            // print("响应数据：\(res.result)")
        })
    }

POST请求

发送post请求要带上method参数，设置为.post，携带的参数放parameters里面，如果想让返回的数据直接是json格式的，可以使用.responseJSON，代码示例：

    // post请求
    func postData() {
        print("发送post请求")
        let urlStr = "https://api.weixin.qq.com/wxa/business/getuserphonenumber"
        // payload 数据
        let payload = ["name": "hibo", "password": "123456"]
        AF.request(urlStr, method: .post, parameters: payload).responseJSON { response in
            switch response.result {
                case let .success(json):
                    print("post response: \(json)")
                case let .failure(error):
                    print("error:\(error)")
            }
        }
    }

其他的put/delete等请求和post一样，只是参数不一样而已：

 

post等请求参数解析： <Parameter:Encodable>

只要参数遵循Encodable协议，那么最终ParameterEncoder都会把Parameter encode成需要的数据类型

举个例子

struct Login: Encodable {
    let email:String
    let password:String
}

let login = Login(email: "aaa", password: "bbb")
AF.request("https://httpbin.org/post",
               method: .post,
               parameters: login,
               encoder: JSONParameterEncoder.default)
    .response { response in
        debugPrint(response)
}

Headers请求头设置 

设置请求头有三种方式

1.无参构造 

/// 1. 无参构造
public init() {}

/// 通过以下方式添加值
func add(name: String, value: String)
func add(_ header: HTTPHeader)

2.通过 HTTPHeader 数组构造

/// 2. 通过 HTTPHeader 数组构造
public init(_ headers: [HTTPHeader])

let headers: HTTPHeaders = [
    HTTPHeader(name: "Authorization", value: "Basic VXNlcm5hbWU6UGFzc3dvcmQ="),
    HTTPHeader(name: "Accept", value: "application/json")
]

AF.request("https://httpbin.org/headers", headers: headers).responseJSON { response in
    debugPrint(response)
}

3.通过key/value 构造 

/// 3. 通过key/value 构造
public init(_ dictionary: [String: String])

let headers: HTTPHeaders = [
    "Authorization": "Basic VXNlcm5hbWU6UGFzc3dvcmQ=",
    "Accept": "application/json"
]

AF.request("https://httpbin.org/headers", headers: headers).responseJSON { response in
    debugPrint(response)
}

响应处理

1.Alamofire 提供了4种 Response序列化工具，DataResponseSerializer 解析为Data

// Response Handler - Unserialized Response
func response(queue: DispatchQueue = .main, 
              completionHandler: @escaping (AFDataResponse<Data?>) -> Void) -> Self

// Response Data Handler - Serialized into Data
func responseData(queue: DispatchQueue = .main,
                  dataPreprocessor: DataPreprocessor = DataResponseSerializer.defaultDataPreprocessor,
                  emptyResponseCodes: Set<Int> = DataResponseSerializer.defaultEmptyResponseCodes,
                  emptyRequestMethods: Set<HTTPMethod> = DataResponseSerializer.defaultEmptyRequestMethods,
                  completionHandler: @escaping (AFDataResponse<Data>) -> Void) -> Self

//示例
AF.request("https://httpbin.org/get").responseData { response in
    debugPrint("Response: \(response)")
}

2.StringResponseSerializer 解析为String

// Response String Handler - Serialized into String
func responseString(queue: DispatchQueue = .main,
                    dataPreprocessor: DataPreprocessor = StringResponseSerializer.defaultDataPreprocessor,
                    encoding: String.Encoding? = nil,
                    emptyResponseCodes: Set<Int> = StringResponseSerializer.defaultEmptyResponseCodes,
                    emptyRequestMethods: Set<HTTPMethod> = StringResponseSerializer.defaultEmptyRequestMethods,
                    completionHandler: @escaping (AFDataResponse<String>) -> Void) -> Self



//示例
AF.request("https://httpbin.org/get").responseString { response in
    debugPrint("Response: \(response)")
}

3.JSONResponseSerializer 解析为JSON

// Response JSON Handler - Serialized into Any Using JSONSerialization
func responseJSON(queue: DispatchQueue = .main,
                  dataPreprocessor: DataPreprocessor = JSONResponseSerializer.defaultDataPreprocessor,
                  emptyResponseCodes: Set<Int> = JSONResponseSerializer.defaultEmptyResponseCodes,
                  emptyRequestMethods: Set<HTTPMethod> = JSONResponseSerializer.defaultEmptyRequestMethods,
                  options: JSONSerialization.ReadingOptions = .allowFragments,
                  completionHandler: @escaping (AFDataResponse<Any>) -> Void) -> Self
//示例
AF.request("https://httpbin.org/get").responseJSON { response in
    debugPrint("Response: \(response)")
}

下载文件

1.下载Data

AF.download("https://httpbin.org/image/png").responseData { response in
    if let data = response.value {
        let image = UIImage(data: data)
    }
}

2.下载到指定目录

let destination = DownloadRequest.suggestedDownloadDestination(for: .documentDirectory)
AF.download("https://httpbin.org/image/png", to: destination).response { response in
    debugPrint(response)

    if response.error == nil, let imagePath = response.fileURL?.path {
        let image = UIImage(contentsOfFile: imagePath)
    }
}

3.下载进度

AF.download("https://httpbin.org/image/png")
    .downloadProgress { progress in
        print("Download Progress: \(progress.fractionCompleted)")
    }
    .responseData { response in
        if let data = response.value {
            let image = UIImage(data: data)
        }
    }

4.恢复下载

var resumeData: Data!

let download = AF.download("https://httpbin.org/image/png").responseData { response in
    if let data = response.value {
        let image = UIImage(data: data)
    }
}

// download.cancel(producingResumeData: true) // Makes resumeData available in response only.
download.cancel { data in
    resumeData = data
}

AF.download(resumingWith: resumeData).responseData { response in
    if let data = response.value {
        let image = UIImage(data: data)
    }
}

上传文件

1.上传 Data

let data = Data("data".utf8)

AF.upload(data, to: "https://httpbin.org/post").responseDecodable(of: HTTPBinResponse.self) { response in
    debugPrint(response)
}

2.上传文件

let fileURL = Bundle.main.url(forResource: "video", withExtension: "mov")

AF.upload(fileURL, to: "https://httpbin.org/post").responseDecodable(of: HTTPBinResponse.self) { response in
    debugPrint(response)
}

3.上传 Multipart Data

AF.upload(multipartFormData: { multipartFormData in
    multipartFormData.append(Data("one".utf8), withName: "one")
    multipartFormData.append(Data("two".utf8), withName: "two")
}, to: "https://httpbin.org/post")
    .responseDecodable(of: HTTPBinResponse.self) { response in
        debugPrint(response)
    }

4.上传进度

let fileURL = Bundle.main.url(forResource: "video", withExtension: "mov")

AF.upload(fileURL, to: "https://httpbin.org/post")
    .uploadProgress { progress in
        print("Upload Progress: \(progress.fractionCompleted)")
    }
    .responseDecodable(of: HTTPBinResponse.self) { response in
        debugPrint(response)
    }