过滤器Filter和监听器Listener

过滤器：用来过滤网站的数据

• 处理中文乱码
• 登录验证
• etc…

开发步骤：

1. 导包，创建实现类，实现Filter接口（java.servlet包下的filter）

2. 编写过滤器，重写三个方法，实现业务逻辑

   package com.ola.servlet;
   
   import javax.servlet.ServletException;
   import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
   import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
   import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
   import java.io.IOException;
   
   /**
    * ClassName:ShowServlet Package:com.ola.servlet
    *
    * @author morningj
    * @date 2021/1/9 11:57
    */
   public class ShowServlet extends HttpServlet {
       private static final long serialVersionUID = -3255769486004657840L;
   
       @Override
     protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp)
         throws ServletException, IOException {
       resp.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
       resp.getWriter().write("hello!你好世界!");
     }
   
     @Override
     protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp)
         throws ServletException, IOException {
       doGet(req, resp);
     }
   }
   
   

   package com.ola.filter;
   
   import javax.servlet.*;
   import java.io.IOException;
   
   /**
    * ClassName:CharacterEncodingFilter Package:com.ola.filter
    *
    * @author morningj
    * @date 2021/1/9 11:52
    */
   public class CharacterEncodingFilter implements Filter {
    @Override
    public void init(FilterConfig filterConfig) throws ServletException {
      System.out.println("已执行初始化操作!");
    }
   
    @Override
    public void destroy() {
      System.out.println("已执行销毁操作!");
    }
   
    @Override
    public void doFilter(
        ServletRequest servletRequest, ServletResponse servletResponse, FilterChain filterChain)
        throws IOException, ServletException {
      servletRequest.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
      servletResponse.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
      servletResponse.setContentType("text/html;charset=UTF-8");
   
      System.out.println("CharacterEncodingFilter执行前......");
      filterChain.doFilter(servletRequest, servletResponse);
      System.out.println("CharacterEncodingFilter执行后......");
    }
   }
   
   
   

3. web.xml中配置Filter

注意：

1. doFilter中的所有代码，在过滤特定请求的时候都会执行

2. 必须要让过滤器继续通行，使用：

   filterChain.doFilter(servletRequest, servletResponse);
   

监听器The listener

package com.ola.listener;

import javax.servlet.ServletContext;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpSessionEvent;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpSessionListener;

/**
 * ClassName:OnlineCountListener Package:com.ola.listener
 * description:
 * 实现监听在线用户人数，通过session会话的数量判断；
 * @author morningj
 * @date 2021/1/9 15:50
 */
public class OnlineCountListener implements HttpSessionListener {
  @Override
  public void sessionCreated(HttpSessionEvent se) {
    ServletContext servletContext = se.getSession().getServletContext();
    Integer onlineCount = (Integer) servletContext.getAttribute("OnlineCount");
    if (onlineCount == null) {
      onlineCount = new Integer(1);
    } else {
      int count = onlineCount.intValue();
      onlineCount = new Integer(count + 1);
    }
    servletContext.setAttribute("OnlineCount", onlineCount);
  }

  @Override
  public void sessionDestroyed(HttpSessionEvent se) {
    ServletContext servletContext = se.getSession().getServletContext();
    Integer onlineCount = (Integer) servletContext.getAttribute("OnlineCount");
    if (onlineCount == null) {
      onlineCount = new Integer(1);
    } else {
      int count = onlineCount.intValue();
      onlineCount = new Integer(count - 1);
    }
    servletContext.setAttribute("OnlineCount", onlineCount);
  }
}

<listener>
        <listener-class>com.ola.listener.OnlineCountListener</listener-class>
</listener>