整合思路
本次学习笔记进行SSM(即 SpringMVC + Spring + MyBatis 整合)的整合,先理清每个框架的任务
- SpringMVC:视图层,界面层,负责接收请求,显示处理结果
- Spring:业务层,管理Service,dao,工具类对象
- MyBatis:持久层,负责访问数据库
简要过程:用户发起请求==> SpringMVC接收 ==>Spring的Service对象 ==> MyBatis处理数据
在SSM整合中存在两个容器:
- SpringMVC容器:管理Controller控制器对象
- Spring容器:管理Service,dao,工具类对象
我们要坐的就是把要使用的对象交给合适的容器来创建和管理;如把Controller和Web开发相关的对象交给springmvc容器,这些对象卸载springmvc的配置文件中;把service和dao对象定义在spring的配置文件中,让spring管理这些对象
需要注意的是,springmvc容器和spring容器是有确定关系的,springmvc容器时spring容器的子容器,类似java中的继承,所以崽可以访问爹的内容,即在子容器中的Controller可以访问父容器中的Service对象,就可以实现Controller使用service对象了
实现步骤
- 创建对应的数据库表(id auto_increment, name, age)
- 新建maven web项目
用预设的web骨架
先看以下项目的结构
- 加入依赖
springmvc,spring,mybatis三个框架依赖,jackson,mysql,druid连接池,jsp和servlet依赖
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
<maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.11</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>3.1.0</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- jsp依赖 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
<artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
<version>2.2.1-b03</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>5.2.5.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
<version>5.2.5.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
<version>5.2.5.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-core</artifactId>
<version>2.9.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
<version>2.9.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
<version>1.3.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
<version>3.5.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>5.1.9</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>druid</artifactId>
<version>1.1.12</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<resources>
<resource>
<directory>src/main/java</directory><!--所在的目录-->
<includes><!--包括目录下的.properties,.xml 文件都会扫描到-->
<include>**/*.properties</include>
<include>**/*.xml</include>
</includes>
<filtering>false</filtering>
</resource>
</resources>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.1</version>
<configuration>
<source>1.8</source>
<target>1.8</target>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
-
写web.xml
- 注册DispatcherServlet:
目的:
1. 创建springmvc容器对象才能创建Controller类对象
2. 创建的时Servlet才能接收用户请求
<servlet> <servlet-name>myspringmvc</servlet-name> <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class> <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup> <init-param> <!--springmvc配置文件位置的属性--> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <!--指定自定义文件位置--> <param-value>classpath:conf/dispatcherServlet.xml</param-value> </init-param> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>myspringmvc</servlet-name> <url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping>
- 注册spring的监听器ContextLoaderListener:
目的:创建spring容器对象才能创建service,dao对象
<context-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>classpath:conf/applicationContext.xml</param-value> </context-param> <!--注册spring的监听器--> <listener> <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class> </listener>
- 注册字符集过滤器:解决post请求乱码的问题
<!--注册字符集过滤器--> <filter> <filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name> <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class> <init-param> <param-name>encoding</param-name> <param-value>utf-8</param-value> </init-param> <init-param> <param-name>forceRequestEncoding</param-name> <param-value>true</param-value> </init-param> <init-param> <param-name>forceResponseEncoding</param-name> <param-value>true</param-value> </init-param> </filter> <filter-mapping> <filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name> <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern> </filter-mapping>
- 注册DispatcherServlet:
-
创建包
Controller包,service包,dao包和实体类包名创建好 -
写springmvc,spring和mybatis的配置文件
springmvc配置文件
<!--springmvc配置文件--> <context:component-scan base-package="com.ssm.controller"/> <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"> <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"/> <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/> </bean> <mvc:annotation-driven/> <!-- 1.响应ajax请求,返回json 2.解决静态资源访问问题 -->
spring配置文件
<!--spring配置文件:声明service,dao和工具类等对象--> <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:conf/jdbc.properties"/> <!--声明数据源,连接数据库--> <bean id="dataSource" class="com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource" init-method="init" destroy-method="close"> <property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}"/> <property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}"/> <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"/> </bean> <!--SqlSessionFactoryBean创建SqlSessionFactory--> <bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean"> <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/> <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:conf/mybatis.xml"/> </bean> <!--声明mybatis扫描器,创建dao对象--> <bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer"> <property name="sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value="sqlSessionFactory" /> <property name="basePackage" value="com.ssm.dao" /> </bean> <!--声明Service的注解@Service所在的包名位置--> <context:component-scan base-package="com.ssm.service"/> <!--事务配置:注解的配置,aspectj的配置-->
mybatis主配置文件
<!--设置别名--> <typeAliases> <!--实体类所在的包名--> <package name="com.ssm.domain"/> </typeAliases> <mappers> <!--该目录下所有mapper文件一次性加载--> <package name="com.ssm.dao"/> </mappers>
数据库的属性配置文件
jdbc.driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/ssm?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8 jdbc.username=root jdbc.password=root
-
写代码
dao接口
public interface StudentDao { int insertStudent(Student student); List<Student> selectStudents(); }
mapper文件
<mapper namespace="com.ssm.dao.StudentDao"> <select id="selectStudents" resultType="Student"> select id,name,age from student group by id desc </select> <insert id="insertStudent"> insert into student(name,age) values(#{name},#{age}) </insert> </mapper>
service
public interface StudentService { int addStudent(Student student); List<Student> findStudent(); }
实现类
@Service public class StudentServiceImpl implements StudentService { @Resource private StudentDao studentDao; @Override public int addStudent(Student student) { int num=studentDao.insertStudent(student); return num; } @Override public List<Student> findStudent() { return studentDao.selectStudents(); } }
controller
@Controller public class StudentController { @Resource private StudentService studentService; @RequestMapping("student//addStudent.do") public ModelAndView addStudent(Student student){//注册学生 ModelAndView mv=new ModelAndView(); String tips="注册失败"; //调用service处理student int num=studentService.addStudent(student); if(num > 0){ //注册成功 tips="学生【"+student.getName()+"】注册成功"; } //添加数据 mv.addObject("tips",tips); //指定结果页面 mv.setViewName("result"); return mv; } }
实体类(略)
-
写jsp页面
index.jsp
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %> <% String basePath = request.getScheme() + "://" + request.getServerName() + ":" + request.getServerPort() + request.getContextPath() + "/"; %> <html> <head> <title>首页</title> <base href="<%=basePath%>"/> </head> <body> <div align="center"> <p>SSM整合注册页面</p> <img src="images/p2.jpg"> <table> <tr> <td><a href="addStudent.jsp">注册学生</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td>浏览学生</td> </tr> </table> </div> </body> </html>
result.jsp
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %> <html> <head> <title>操作结果</title> </head> <body> result.jsp结果页面,注册结果: ${tips} </body> </html>
addStudent.jsp
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %> <% String basePath = request.getScheme() + "://" + request.getServerName() + ":" + request.getServerPort() + request.getContextPath() + "/"; %> <html> <head> <title>添加学生</title> <base href="<%=basePath%>"/> </head> <body> <div align="center"> <form action="student/addStudent.do" method="post"> <table> <tr> <td>学生姓名:</td> <td><input type="text" name="name"></td> </tr> <tr> <td>学生年龄:</td> <td><input type="text" name="age"></td> </tr> <tr> <td> </td> <td><input type="submit" value="注册"></td> </tr> </table> </form> </div> </body> </html>
运行结果
index页面
addStudent页面
result页面
数据库
通过ajax来实现查询功能
首先在webapp下创建一个叫js的文件夹,在里面我们放入jQuery的库文件
要检查pom文件中是否将jackson的依赖加入
我们要实现的是,按下浏览学生的按钮后,跳转到新的页面显示数据库中学生的信息
index.jsp(部分)
<td><a href="listStudent.jsp">浏览学生</a></td>
控制器方法
@RequestMapping("student/queryStudent.do")
@ResponseBody
public List<Student> queryStudent(){//查询处理,响应ajax
//参数检查,简单的数据处理
List<Student> students=studentService.findStudent();
return students;
}
listStudent.jsp(结果页面)
<%
String basePath = request.getScheme() + "://" +
request.getServerName() + ":" + request.getServerPort() +
request.getContextPath() + "/";
%>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>使用ajax查询学生</title>
<base href="<%=basePath%>"/>
<script src="js/jquery-3.5.1.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript">
//在当前页面dom对象加载后,执行loadStudentData()
loadStudentData();
$(function () {
$("#btnLoader").click(function () {
loadStudentData();
})
})
function loadStudentData() {
$.ajax({
url:"student/queryStudent.do",
type:"get",
dataType:"json",
success:function (data) {
//alert("data"+data)
//清楚旧的数据
$("#info").html("");
//增加新的数据
$.each(data,function (i,n) {
$("#info").append("<tr>")
.append("<td>"+n.id+"</td>")
.append("<td>"+n.name+"</td>")
.append("<td>"+n.age+"</td>")
.append("</tr>")
})
}
})
}
</script>
</head>
<body>
<div align="center">
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<td>学号</td>
<td>姓名</td>
<td>年龄</td>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody id="info">
</tbody>
</table>
<input type="button" id="btnLoader" value="查询数据">
</div>
</body>
</html>