安装python3
1、查看当前python版本
[root@localhost bin]# cd /usr/bin
[root@localhost bin]# ls python*
python python2 python2.7
[root@localhost bin]#
查看依赖关系
[root@localhost bin]# ls -al python*
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 33 Oct 21 12:30 python -> python2
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 9 Oct 19 23:55 python2 -> python2.7
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 7136 Aug 4 08:40 python2.7
# 备份一下老的
[root@localhost bin]# mv python python.bak
python官网ftp下载网址: https://www.python.org/ftp/python/
# 创建安装目录,一般在 /usr/local/
[root@localhost bin]# mkdir /usr/local/python3
[root@localhost bin]# cd /usr/local/python3
[root@localhost python3]# ll
total 0
[root@localhost python3]#
# 下载安装包
[root@localhost python3]# wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.6.3/Python-3.6.3.tgz
# 与网速有关,有安装包,跳过
# 解压安装包
[root@localhost python3]# tar -xvf Python-3.6.3.tgz
#解压完成后,查看目录下文件
[root@localhost python3]# ll
total 22148
drwxr-xr-x. 17 501 501 4096 Oct 21 12:22 Python-3.6.3
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 22673115 Oct 3 15:47 Python-3.6.3.tgz
# 下载的包是未编译的,需要编译
[root@localhost python3]# cd Python-3.6.3/
[root@localhost Python-3.6.3]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/python3Dir
[root@localhost Python-3.6.3]# make && make install
# 创建一个软链接 将python 加入/usr/bin
[root@localhost bin]# ln -s /usr/local/python3Dir/bin/python3 /usr/bin/python
# 软链接创建完毕之后。再说个事情,就是centos的yum命令是需要python支持的
[root@localhost bin]# vi /usr/bin/yum
#!/usr/bin/python改成#!/usr/bin/python2.7
# 检查是否安装成功
python -V
# 为pip创建软连接
[root@VM_0_8_centos bin]# ln -s /usr/local/python3Dir/bin/pip3 /usr/bin/pip
# 升级pip
python -m pip install --upgrade pip
安装问题记录
# 第一次在腾讯云的服务器上安装,未曾出现问题,但是在虚拟机安装出现问题,做以下记录
# 1、zipimport.ZipImportError: can‘t decompress data; zlib not availabl
解决方案:
yum install zlib*
如果出现个问题,则之前安装的步骤要全部撤销,否则 yum 会报错,yum基于python,会有影响,2和3不兼容
在重新编译之前还需要在安装源文件中修改Modules/Setup.dist文件,
#zlib zlibmodule.c -I$(prefix)/include -L$(exec_prefix)/lib -lz
将这一行注释打开
zlib zlibmodule.c -I$(prefix)/include -L$(exec_prefix)/lib -lz
# 2、升级pip的时候报错:
pip is configured with locations that require TLS/SSL, however the ssl module in Python is not available.
Could not fetch URL https://pypi.python.org/simple/pip/: There was a problem confirming the ssl certificate: Can't connect to HTTPS URL because the SSL module is not available. - skipping
Requirement already up-to-date: pip in /usr/local/python3Dir/lib/python3.6/site-packages
出现这个原因的问题:由于openssl版本