#######Linux系统中的磁盘管理###

#######Linux系统中的磁盘管理###
1.本地储存设备的识别
cat /proc/partitions ##系统中已经识别的设备，识别了的不一定能使用
fdisk -l ##真实存在的设备，存在的不一定能识别
blkid ##系统可使用的设备
df ##系统正在使用的设备

Password: 
Last login: Thu Apr 11 12:52:45 CST 2019 on pts/3
[root@foundation6 ~]# fdisk -l

cat /proc/partitions
blkid

df

#2.设备的挂载和卸载
1设备名称

/dev/sr0   ##光驱
/dev/mapper/*  ##虚拟设备

2.设备的挂载

mount /dev/sdb1   /mnt    ##将sdb1挂载到/mnt
umount /mnt  |/dev/sbd1   ##卸载

mount -o ro /dev/sdb1 /mnt ##只读挂载

mount ##查看挂载信息
mount -o remount.rw /dev/sdb1 | /mnt ##重新读写挂载

Filesystem     1K-blocks     Used Available Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda1      308485972 26332508 282153464   9% /
devtmpfs         1948404        0   1948404   0% /dev
tmpfs            1963368     1044   1962324   1% /dev/shm
tmpfs            1963368     9132   1954236   1% /run
tmpfs            1963368        0   1963368   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
tmpfs             392676       28    392648   1% /run/user/1000
[root@foundation6 ~]# mount -o ro /dev/sdb1  /mnt/
[root@foundation6 ~]# cd /mnt
[root@foundation6 mnt]# ls
??    ????  ????   dhcp-4.2.5-47.el7.x86_64.rpm  pig2
????  ????  ?????  pig1                          pig3
[root@foundation6 mnt]# rm -rf pig1
rm: cannot remove ‘pig1’: Read-only file system
[root@foundation6 mnt]# mount
[root@foundation6 mnt]# cd
[root@foundation6 ~]# mount -o remount,rw /dev/sdb1
[root@foundation6 ~]# mount

3 当卸载时出现设备正忙时
umount: /mnt: target is busy. ##有程序正在使用该设备
(In some cases useful info about processes that use
the device is found by lsof(8) or fuser(1))
lsof /dev/sdb1 ##查询在干嘛
fuser -vm /dev/sdb1
fuser -kvm /dev/sdb1 ##杀掉运行的
umount /mnt

[root@foundation6 ~]# cd /mnt
[root@foundation6 mnt]# umount /dev/sdb1
umount: /mnt: target is busy.
        (In some cases useful info about processes that use
         the device is found by lsof(8) or fuser(1))
[root@foundation6 mnt]# lsof /dev/sdb1
lsof: WARNING: can't stat() fuse.gvfsd-fuse file system /run/user/1000/gvfs
      Output information may be incomplete.
COMMAND   PID USER   FD   TYPE DEVICE SIZE/OFF NODE NAME
bash    13772 root  cwd    DIR   8,17    65536    1 /mnt
lsof    15043 root  cwd    DIR   8,17    65536    1 /mnt
lsof    15044 root  cwd    DIR   8,17    65536    1 /mnt
[root@foundation6 mnt]# fuser -vm /dev/sdb1
                     USER        PID ACCESS COMMAND
/dev/sdb1:           root     kernel mount /run/media/kiosk/С
                     root      13772 ..c.. bash
[root@foundation6 mnt]# fuser -kvm /dev/sdb1
                     USER        PID ACCESS COMMAND
/dev/sdb1:           root     kernel mount /run/media/kiosk/С
                     root      13772 ..c.. bash
Killed
[root@foundation6 ~]# umount /dev/sdb1
[root@foundation6 ~]# df
Filesystem     1K-blocks     Used Available Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda1      308485972 26336888 282149084   9% /
devtmpfs         1948404        0   1948404   0% /dev
tmpfs            1963368     1044   1962324   1% /dev/shm
tmpfs            1963368     9132   1954236   1% /run
tmpfs            1963368        0   1963368   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
tmpfs             392676       24    392652   1% /run/user/1000

###磁盘分区####
##磁盘分区步骤###
1.fdisk -l

2.