Linux--tomcat模块

一.tomcat简介
Tomcat是一个JSP/Servlet容器。Tomcat 服务器是一个免费的开放源代码的Web 应用服务器，属于轻量级应用服务器，在中小型系统和并发访问用户下被普遍使用，是开发和调试JSP 程序的首选。负责处理客户请求，把请求传送给Servlet并把结果返回给客户
当在一台机器上配置好Apache 服务器，可利用它响应HTML（标准通用标记语言下的一个应用）页面的访问请求。实际上Tomcat是Apache 服务器的扩展，但运行时它是独立运行的，所以当你运行tomcat 时，它实际上作为一个与Apache 独立的进程单独运行的
二.tomcat环境的搭建
1.安装jdk和tomcat

root@server1 ~]# cd lnmp
[root@server1 lnmp]# tar zxf jdk-7u79-linux-x64.tar.gz -C /usr/local/  ##指定解压路径
[root@server1 lnmp]# tar zxf apache-tomcat-7.0.37.tar.gz -C /usr/local/

2.软链接

[root@server1 lnmp]# cd /usr/local/
[root@server1 local]# ln -s jdk1.7.0_79/ java
[root@server1 local]# ln -s apache-tomcat-7.0.37/ tomcat
[root@server1 local]# ls
apache-tomcat-7.0.37  etc    include  jdk1.7.0_79  lib64    sbin   src
bin                   games  java     lib          libexec  share  tomcat

3.环境变量

[root@server1 local]# vim /etc/profile
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/java
export CLASSPATH=.:$JAVA_HOME/lib:$JAVA_HOME/jre/lib
export PATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin
[root@server1 local]# source /etc/profile  ##同步环境变量
[root@server1 local]# echo $PATH
/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/root/bin:/usr/local/java/bin
[root@server1 local]# echo $CLASSPATH
.:/usr/local/java/lib:/usr/local/java/jre/lib
[root@server1 local]# echo $JAVA_HOME
/usr/local/java
[root@server1 local]# which java
/usr/local/java/bin/java
[root@server1 local]# which javac
/usr/local/java/bin/javac

4.测试java配置环境是否正常

[root@server1 ~]# vim test.java
[root@server1 ~]# cat test.java
public class test
{
	public static void main(String[] args)
	{
		System.out.println("Hello world");
	}
}
[root@server1 ~]# javac test.java
[root@server1 ~]# java test
Hello world

5.开启tomcat程序，测试tomcat是否正常

[root@server1 ~]# cd /usr/local/tomcat/
[root@server1 tomcat]# ls
bin   lib      logs    RELEASE-NOTES  temp     work
conf  LICENSE  NOTICE  RUNNING.txt    webapps
[root@server1 tomcat]# bin/startup.sh
Using CATALINA_BASE:   /usr/local/tomcat
Using CATALINA_HOME:   /usr/local/tomcat
Using CATALINA_TMPDIR: /usr/local/tomcat/temp
Using JRE_HOME:        /usr/local/java
Using CLASSPATH:       /usr/local/tomcat/bin/bootstrap.jar:/usr/local/tomcat/bin/tomcat-juli.jar

物理机测试：172.25.4.111：8080
出现tomcat默认页面则成功

三.tomcat与nginx实现负载均衡
1.环境部署
nginx代理端：172.25.4.111
tomcat1后端服务器：172.25.4.111
tomcat2后端服务器：172.25.4.112
2.nginx主配置文件的更改

[root@server1 ~]# vim /usr/local/lnmp/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
http {
    include       mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;
    upstream tomcat {
        server 172.25.4.111:8080;  ##设定轮询的服务器
        server 172.25.4.112:8080;
        }

        location / {
            root   /usr/local/tomcat/webapps/ROOT;  ##设定访问的家目录
            index  index.html index.htm;
        }
        location ~\.jsp$ {
                proxy_pass http://tomcat;  ##添加轮询
        }
[root@server1 ~]# nginx -t
nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/lnmp/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /usr/local/lnmp/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful
[root@server1 ~]# nginx -s reload

3.设置tomcat的发布内容

[root@server1 ~]# cd /usr/local/tomcat/webapps/ROOT/
[root@server1 ROOT]# vim luck1.jsp
[root@server1 ROOT]# cat luck1.jsp
server1-The time is: <%=new java.util.Date() %>
[root@server1 ROOT]# cd /usr/local/tomcat/
[root@server1 tomcat]# bin/shutdown.sh
[root@server1 tomcat]# bin/startup.sh

[root@server2 local]# cd /usr/local/tomcat/webapps/ROOT/
[root@server2 ROOT]# vim luck1.jsp
[root@server2 ROOT]# cat luck1.jsp
server2-The time is: <%=new java.util.Date() %>
[root@server2 ROOT]# cd /usr/local/tomcat/
[root@server2 tomcat]# bin/startup.sh 
Using CATALINA_BASE:   /usr/local/tomcat
Using CATALINA_HOME:   /usr/local/tomcat
Using CATALINA_TMPDIR: /usr/local/tomcat/temp
Using JRE_HOME:        /usr/local/java
Using CLASSPATH:       /usr/local/tomcat/bin/bootstrap.jar:/usr/local/tomcat/bin/tomcat-juli.jar

4.物理机进行访问