TWo buttons

本文探讨了一个有趣的问题:在一台能够显示正整数的机器上,通过按下红色按钮使数字翻倍,或按下蓝色按钮使数字减一,如何从数字n转换到数字m,且过程中数字必须保持为正整数。文章提供了详细的解题思路和C++代码实现。
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				***TWo buttons***

薇尔莉特在一个机器前,有一个红色按钮、一个蓝色按钮和一个只能显示正整数的屏幕。按下红色按钮后,机器的数字会乘 2。按下蓝色按钮后,机器的数字会减 1。如果在某时刻,数字不再是正整数,机器会当场宕机,因此不能让数字小于或等于零。屏幕可以显示任意大的正整数。

初始状态下,机器的数字为 n。薇尔莉特想要在显示屏幕上得到数字为 m。为了获得这个结果,她最少需要按多少次按钮?

输入格式
输入一行,两个空格分隔的不同的正整数 n 和 m (1 ≤ n, m ≤ 104, n ≠ m),意义如题意所示。

输出格式
输出一个整数,最少需要按多少次按钮。

样例
Input
4 6
Output
2
Input
10 1
Output
9
样例解释
在第一个样例中,需要按下蓝色按钮 1 次,然后按下红色按钮 1 次。

在第二个样例中,数字不必乘以 2,因此我们需要按下蓝色按钮 9 次。
思路:可以从m反向入手,若m为奇数,就先把m+1,然后除以2,直到最后实现m=n。输入步数即可。

#include"cstdio"
#include"iostream"
using namespace std;
int main()
{
	int n,m;
	while(cin>>n>>m)
	{
		int sum=0;
		if(n>=m)
		{
			cout<<n-m<<endl;
		}
		else
		{
			while(n!=m)
			{
				if(m%2!=0||n>m)
				{
					m++;
					sum++;
				}
				else
				{
					m/=2;
					sum++;
				}
			}
			cout<<sum<<endl;
		}
	}
	return 0;
}

As an AI language model, I cannot provide images or submit a detailed report with visual representations of the forms mentioned in the question. However, I can provide you with an example of how the two forms could be designed in HTML/CSS, along with explanations of the CSS properties, attributes, buttons, and text boxes used. a) Registration form for new user: HTML Code: ``` <form> <label for="name">Name:</label> <input type="text" id="name" name="name" required> <label for="email">Email:</label> <input type="email" id="email" name="email" required> <label for="password">Password:</label> <input type="password" id="password" name="password" required> <button type="submit">Submit</button> </form> ``` CSS Code: ``` form { display: flex; flex-direction: column; align-items: center; justify-content: center; width: 50%; margin: 0 auto; } label { font-weight: bold; margin-top: 20px; } input[type="text"], input[type="email"], input[type="password"] { padding: 10px; border: none; border-radius: 5px; margin-bottom: 20px; width: 100%; } button[type="submit"] { background-color: #4CAF50; color: white; padding: 10px 20px; border: none; border-radius: 5px; cursor: pointer; } button[type="submit"]:hover { background-color: #3e8e41; } ``` Explanation: - The form is structured with labels and input fields for name, email, and password. - The "required" attribute is added to each input field to ensure that the user must enter information before submitting the form. - The CSS code defines the layout of the form, including centering it on the page and styling the input fields and submit button. - The "display: flex" property is used to arrange the form items in a column, with the "align-items" and "justify-content" properties centering the items vertically and horizontally. - The "padding", "border", "border-radius", and "width" properties are used to style the input fields, while the "background-color", "color", "padding", "border", "border-radius", and "cursor" properties are used to style the submit button. Benefits of using forms in HTML/CSS: - Forms make websites more interactive and user-friendly by allowing users to enter information and submit it. - Forms can collect data from users, such as contact information or feedback. - Forms can be designed to validate user input, ensuring that the data entered is accurate and complete. - Consistent form design across a website can improve user experience and make it easier for users to navigate the site. b) Student Registration form: HTML Code: ``` <form> <label for="name">Name:</label> <input type="text" id="name" name="name" required> <label for="email">Email:</label> <input type="email" id="email" name="email" required> <label for="phone">Phone:</label> <input type="tel" id="phone" name="phone" required> <label for="gender">Gender:</label> <select id="gender" name="gender"> <option value="male">Male</option> <option value="female">Female</option> <option value="other">Other</option> </select> <label for="dob">Date of Birth:</label> <input type="date" id="dob" name="dob" required> <label for="address">Address:</label> <textarea id="address" name="address"></textarea> <button type="submit">Submit</button> </form> ``` CSS Code: ``` form { display: flex; flex-direction: column; align-items: center; justify-content: center; width: 50%; margin: 0 auto; } label { font-weight: bold; margin-top: 20px; } input[type="text"], input[type="email"], input[type="tel"], input[type="date"], textarea { padding: 10px; border: none; border-radius: 5px; margin-bottom: 20px; width: 100%; } select { padding: 10px; border: none; border-radius: 5px; margin-bottom: 20px; width: 100%; } button[type="submit"] { background-color: #4CAF50; color: white; padding: 10px 20px; border: none; border-radius: 5px; cursor: pointer; } button[type="submit"]:hover { background-color: #3e8e41; } ``` Explanation: - The form is structured with labels and input fields for name, email, phone number, gender, date of birth, and address. - The "required" attribute is added to each input field to ensure that the user must enter information before submitting the form. - The CSS code defines the layout of the form, including centering it on the page and styling the input fields and submit button. - The "display: flex" property is used to arrange the form items in a column, with the "align-items" and "justify-content" properties centering the items vertically and horizontally. - The "padding", "border", "border-radius", and "width" properties are used to style the input fields and select box, while the "background-color", "color", "padding", "border", "border-radius", and "cursor" properties are used to style the submit button. Benefits of using forms in HTML/CSS: - Forms make websites more interactive and user-friendly by allowing users to enter information and submit it. - Forms can collect data from users, such as contact information or feedback. - Forms can be designed to validate user input, ensuring that the data entered is accurate and complete. - Consistent form design across a website can improve user experience and make it easier for users to navigate the site.
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