使用多线程和网络编程实现消息发送程序

在学习了UDP编程后，就想写一个程序，向qq一样，甲可以在控制台上输入信息，信息将被通过udp发送给乙，控制台上显示自己的消息和对方的消息。

但是我尝试了很多方式，都有问题。不能消息接收与控制台输入同时进行。控制台输入时就不能接受消息，接受消息时不能输入。最后我尝试了使用多线程，一个线程负责接受消息，并将接受的消息打印在控制台上，另一个线程负责监控控制台输入，一旦控制台有输入，就将消息打印在控制台上，并将输入发送给另一方。

一、这是一个工具类负责发送、接受消息。第22行，记得更改计算机名。

import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.DatagramPacket;
import java.net.DatagramSocket;
import java.net.InetAddress;

public class Tool {
    private DatagramSocket socket;
    private int port;

    public Tool(DatagramSocket socket, int port) {
        this.socket = socket;
        this.port = port;
    }

    /**
     * 发送消息
     * @param message 消息
     */
    public void send(String message) {
        try {
            byte[] bytes = message.getBytes();
            InetAddress address = InetAddress.getByName("你的主机名");
            DatagramPacket packet = new DatagramPacket(bytes, bytes.length, address, port);

            socket.send(packet);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    /**
     * 接受消息
     * @return 消息
     */
    public String receive() {
        byte[] by = new byte[1024];
        DatagramPacket p = new DatagramPacket(by, by.length);

        try {
            socket.receive(p);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

        return new String(p.getData(), 0, p.getLength());
    }
}

二、这是线程类，负责执行发送消息

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.net.DatagramSocket;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

public class Send implements Runnable {
    private Tool tool;

    public Send(DatagramSocket socket, int port) {
        tool = new Tool(socket, port);
    }

    @Override
    public void run() {
        BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));

        try {
            String s = br.readLine();
            while (s != null) {
                synchronized (this) {
                    if (!s.equals("")) {
                        System.out.println("\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t本人：" + s);
                        tool.send(s);
                    }
                }

                s = br.readLine();
            }
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

三、这是线程类，负责执行接受消息

import java.net.DatagramSocket;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

public class Receive implements Runnable {
    public static final List<String> messages = new ArrayList<>();
    private Tool tool;

    public Receive(DatagramSocket socket, int port) {
        tool = new Tool(socket, port);
    }

    @Override
    public void run() {
        while (true) {
            synchronized (this) {
                String s = tool.receive();
                System.out.println("\t\t\t\t\t\t朋友：" + s);
            }
        }
    }
}

四、下面两个类代表两个聊天用户，分别调用线程类。

import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.DatagramSocket;

public class User1 {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        DatagramSocket socket = new DatagramSocket(10086);

        Send send = new Send(socket, 10010);
        Receive receive = new Receive(socket, 10010);

        Thread t1 = new Thread(send);
        Thread t2 = new Thread(receive);

        t1.start();
        t2.start();
    }
}

import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.DatagramSocket;

public class User2 {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        DatagramSocket socket = new DatagramSocket(10010);

        Send send = new Send(socket, 10086);
        Receive receive = new Receive(socket, 10086);

        Thread t1 = new Thread(send);
        Thread t2 = new Thread(receive);

        t1.start();
        t2.start();
    }
}

效果如下：