CentOS7中查看和自定义data数据存放位置

Yum方式安装的MySQL数据库默认的数据库文件位于/var/lib/mysql下，有时候需要更改MySQL数据库的数据存储目录。
1、查看mysql是否正在运行。(更换目录需要先关闭mysql服务)
systemctl status mysqld

[xiong@hadoop102 /]$ systemctl status mysqld
● mysqld.service - MySQL Server
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: active (running) since 六 2022-04-16 12:16:18 CST; 39min ago

2、关闭mysql

systemctl stop mysqld

[xiong@hadoop102 /]$ systemctl stop mysqld
==== AUTHENTICATING FOR org.freedesktop.systemd1.manage-units ===
Authentication is required to manage system services or units.
Authenticating as: xiong
Password: 
==== AUTHENTICATION COMPLETE ===

再次查看MySQL运行状态，可以看出MySQL已经停止服务

[xiong@hadoop102 /]$ systemctl status mysqld
● mysqld.service - MySQL Server
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: inactive (dead) since 六 2022-04-16 12:57:04 CST; 43s ago

3、打开my.cnf可以查看到具体mysql数据目录存放路径
本机默认目录为 /etc/my.cnf

[mysqld]
#MySQL数据的存放地址，可以进行自定义
datadir=/var/lib/mysql/data
[mysqld]
#开启MySQL的binlog日志记录，业务数据的增、删、改都会再以日志文件刑事保存一份，方便主从复制和大数据离线和实时计算对数据的读取
log-bin=mysql-bin

4、重启mysql

systemctl start mysqld

[xiong@hadoop102 /]$ systemctl start mysqld
==== AUTHENTICATING FOR org.freedesktop.systemd1.manage-units ===
Authentication is required to manage system services or units.
Authenticating as: xiong
Password: 
==== AUTHENTICATION COMPLETE ===

5、再次查看MySQL的运行状态
systemctl status mysqld

[xiong@hadoop102 /]$ systemctl status mysqld
● mysqld.service - MySQL Server
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: active (running) 

6、进入MySQL命令行，再次确认是否开启日记记录

[xiong@hadoop102 /]$ mysql -uroot -p
Enter password: 

输入root账号密码进入到MySQL数据库
使用命令show variables like ‘log_bin’

mysql> show variables like 'log_bin';
+---------------+-------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+---------------+-------+
| log_bin       | ON    |
+---------------+-------+
1 row in set (0.01 sec)

mysql> 

log_bin = ON 表示开启
OFF就是未开启，mysql数据库log-bin默认是不开启的