SSM整合--IDEA版

Spring SpringMVC Mybatis整合

基础环境搭建

  • 1.创建maven工程,添加web支持
创建普通maven项目,
右击项目-->Add Frameworks Support
勾选java web

我这里的项目名:ssmbuild
  • 2.引入依赖(jar包)
 <!--导入依赖-->
    <dependencies>
        <!-- junit 测试包 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.12</version>
        </dependency>

        <!--MysQL数据库驱动-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>5.1.6</version>
        </dependency>

        <!--数据库连接池驱动-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.mchange</groupId>
            <artifactId>c3p0</artifactId>
            <version>0.9.5.2</version>
        </dependency>

        <!--jsp语法-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
            <artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
            <version>2.2</version>
        </dependency>

        <!--jstl表达式-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
            <version>1.2</version>
        </dependency>

        <!--servlet程序-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
            <version>2.5</version>
        </dependency>

        <!--mybatis-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
            <version>3.5.2</version>
        </dependency>

        <!--mybatis-spring mybatis整合spring适配包-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
            <version>2.0.4</version>
        </dependency>

        <!--spring-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
            <version>5.2.4.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>

        <!--Spring-jdbc-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
            <version>5.2.4.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>

        <!--AOP织入包-->
        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.aspectj/aspectjweaver -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
            <artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId>
            <version>1.9.5</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <!--maven资源导出问题-->
    <build>
        <resources>
            <resource>
                <directory>src/main/resources</directory>
                <includes>
                    <include>**/*.properties</include>
                    <include>**/*.xml</include>
                </includes>
                <filtering>true</filtering>
            </resource>

            <resource>
                <directory>src/main/java</directory>
                <includes>
                    <include>**/*.properties</include>
                    <include>**/*.xml</include>
                </includes>
                <filtering>true</filtering>
            </resource>

        </resources>
    </build>

SSM整合配置

创建好基本结构和配置框架

注意:这里的框架结构可以分开来写,也可以在一个总的配置文件来写,如果分开写,就要在总的配置文件中import导入其他配置文件
在这里插入图片描述

1.web.xml配置文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
         version="4.0">

    <!--1.启动Spring容器(项目启动就会扫描spring上下文)-->
    <context-param>
        <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
        <param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
    </context-param>
    <listener>
        <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
    </listener>

    <!--2.SpringMVC的前端控制器 用来拦截所有请求-->
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
            <param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>

    <!--3.字符编码过滤器-->
    <filter>
        <filter-name>encoding</filter-name>
        <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>encoding</param-name>
            <param-value>utf-8</param-value>
        </init-param>
    </filter>
    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>encoding</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>

    <!--rest风格 将页面的普通请求转换为我们指定的delete 或 put 请求-->
    <filter>
        <filter-name>hiddenHttpMethodFilter</filter-name>
        <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.HiddenHttpMethodFilter</filter-class>
    </filter>
    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>hiddenHttpMethodFilter</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>

    <!--Session生命周期-->
    <session-config>
        <session-timeout>15</session-timeout>
    </session-config>
</web-app>

2.springmvc-servlet.xml配置

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
       https://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
       https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">

    <!--SpringMVC的配置文件,包含网站跳转逻辑的控制,配置-->
    <!--1.扫描所有的包 控制器包-->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.it.controller"/>
    <!--2.配置mvc不处理静态资源-->
    <mvc:default-servlet-handler/>
    <!--3.MVC注解支持-->
    <mvc:annotation-driven/>

    <!--4.配置视图解析器-->
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver" id="internalResourceViewResolver">
        <!--前缀-->
        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"/>
        <!--后缀-->
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
    </bean>
</beans>

3.spring-dao.xml配置

spring-dao.xml中导入外部配置文件 dbconfig.xml配置如下
jdbc.driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.jdbcUrl=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/ssm_crud?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8
jdbc.user=root
jdbc.password=001129
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
       https://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
       https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">

    <!--引入dbconfig.properties 配置文件-->
    <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:dbconfig.properties"/>
    <!--数据源-->
    <bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
        <property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driver}"/>
        <property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.jdbcUrl}"/>
        <property name="user" value="${jdbc.user}"/>
        <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"/>

        <!--c3p0私有属性-->
        <!--最大\最小连接数-->
        <property name="maxPoolSize" value="30"/>
        <property name="minPoolSize" value="10"/>
        <!--关闭连接后不自动提交-->
        <property name="autoCommitOnClose" value="false"/>
        <!--获取连接超时时间-->
        <property name="checkoutTimeout" value="10000"/>
        <!--获取连接失败重试次数-->
        <property name="acquireRetryAttempts" value="2"/>
    </bean>

    <!--和mybatis整合-->
    <bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
        <!--关联Mybatis配置文件-->
        <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:mybatis-config.xml"/>
        <!--指定数据源-->
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
        <!--
        指定mapper文件的位置
        <property name="mapperLocations" value="classpath:"/>
        -->
    </bean>

    <!--配置扫描器,将mybatis接口的实现加入到ioc容器中-->
    <bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
        <!--注入sql'SessionFactory-->
        <property name="sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value="sqlSessionFactory"/>
        <!--扫描dao包下的所有-->
        <property name="basePackage" value="com.it.dao"/>
    </bean>
</beans>

4.mybatis-config.xml配置

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>

	<!--设置-->
	
    <!--别名-->
    <typeAliases>
        <package name="com.it.pojo"/>
    </typeAliases>

    <!--配置数据源 DataSource 交给spring去做-->


    <mappers>
        <mapper class="com.it.dao.BookMapper"/>
    </mappers>


</configuration>

5.spring-service.xml配置

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
       xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        https://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
        https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
        https://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd">

    <!--1.扫描service下面的包-->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.it.service"/>

    <!--2.将所有业务类注入到spring,可以使用注解或配置-->
    <!--注解-->
    <!--    <context:annotation-config/> -->

    <!--配置-->
	    <bean id="bookServiceImpl" class="com.it.service.BookServiceImpl">
        <property name="bookMapper" ref="bookMapper"/>
    </bean>

    <!--3.声明式事务配置-->
    <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
        <!--注入数据源-->
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
    </bean>
    <!--结合AOP实现事务织入-->

    <!--配置事务通知-->
    <tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="transactionManager">
        <!--给那些方法配置事务-->
        <!--配置事务的传播特性 propagation-->
        <tx:attributes>
            <!--propagation="required" 表示 支持当前事务,如果没有事务创建一个事务-->
            <tx:method name="add" propagation="REQUIRED"/>
            <tx:method name="delete" propagation="REQUIRED"/>
            <tx:method name="update" propagation="REQUIRED"/>
            <tx:method name="query" read-only="true"/>
            <tx:method name="*" propagation="REQUIRED"/>
        </tx:attributes>
    </tx:advice>


    <!--配置事务切入-->
    <aop:config>
        <!--配置切入点-->
        <aop:pointcut id="txPointCut" expression="execution(* com.it.dao.*.*(..))"/>
        <!--将通知切入到切入点中-->
        <aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice" pointcut-ref="txPointCut"/>
    </aop:config>

</beans>

6.applicationContext.xml配置文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
       https://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
       https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">


    <!--Spring主配置文件 引入其他配置文件-->
    <import resource="springmvc-servlet.xml"/>
    <import resource="spring-dao.xml"/>
    <import resource="spring-service.xml"/>
</beans>

项目编写

1. 编写Dao层 BookMapper.java

package com.it.dao;

import com.it.pojo.Books;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Param;

import java.util.List;


/**
 * @author shkstart
 * @create 2020-04-21 15:20
 */
public interface BookMapper {

    //增加一本书
    int addBook(Books books);

    //删除一本书
    int deleteBookById(@Param("bookId") int id);

    //修改一本书
    int updateBook(Books books);

    //查询一本书
    Books queryBookById(@Param("bookId") int id);

    //查询全部图书
    List<Books> queryBooks();

    //根据书名查询图书
    Books queryBookByName(@Param("bookName") String name);
}

2. 编写mapper实现的xml配置文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">

<mapper namespace="com.it.dao.BookMapper">

    <insert id="addBook" parameterType="books">
        insert into books (`bookName`,`bookCounts`,`detail`)
        values(#{bookName},#{bookCounts},#{detail});
    </insert>

    <delete id="deleteBookById" parameterType="int">
        delete from books where `bookID` = #{bookId};
    </delete>

    <update id="updateBook" parameterType="books">
        update books
        set `bookName`=#{bookName},`bookCounts`=#{bookCounts},`detail`=#{detail}
        where `bookID`=#{bookID};
    </update>

    <select id="queryBookById" parameterType="int" resultType="books">
        select * from books where `bookId`=#{bookId};
    </select>

    <select id="queryBooks" parameterType="books" resultType="books">
        select * from books;
    </select>

    <select id="queryBookByName" resultType="books">
        select * from books where `bookName` = #{bookName};
    </select>

</mapper>

3. 测试 Dao层的方法

4. 编写service层 BookService.java

package com.it.service;

import com.it.pojo.Books;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Param;

import java.util.List;

/**
 * @author shkstart
 * @create 2020-04-21 15:41
 */
public interface BookService {

    //增加一本书
    int addBook(Books books);

    //删除一本书
    int deleteBookById(int id);

    //修改一本书
    int updateBook(Books books);

    //查询一本书
    Books queryBookById(int id);

    //查询全部图书
    List<Books> queryBooks();

    //根据书名查询图书
    Books queryBookByName(String bookName);
}

5. 编写service的实现类 BookServiceImpl.java

package com.it.service;

import com.it.dao.BookMapper;
import com.it.pojo.Books;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

import java.util.List;

/**
 * @author shkstart
 * @create 2020-04-21 15:42
 */
public class BookServiceImpl implements BookService {

    //service 调用  dao层
    private BookMapper bookMapper;
    public void setBookMapper(BookMapper bookMapper) {
        this.bookMapper = bookMapper;
    }

    public int addBook(Books books) {
        return bookMapper.addBook(books);
    }

    public int deleteBookById(int id) {
        return bookMapper.deleteBookById(id);
    }

    public int updateBook(Books books) {
        return bookMapper.updateBook(books);
    }

    public Books queryBookById(int id) {
        return bookMapper.queryBookById(id);
    }

    public List<Books> queryBooks() {
        return bookMapper.queryBooks();
    }

    public Books queryBookByName(String bookName) {
        return bookMapper.queryBookByName(bookName);
    }
}

6. 测试service层方法

7. 编写index.jsp 页面

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
  <head>
    <title>书籍</title>
    <style>
      a{
        width: 30px;
        height: 20px;
        color: black;
        /*取消a标签下划线*/
        text-decoration: none;
      }
      h3{
        width: 180px;
        height: 38px;
        /*外边距*/
        margin: 100px auto;
        /*居中显示*/
        text-align: center;
        /* 行高*/
        line-height: 38px;
        background: aqua;
        /*圆形边框*/
        border-radius: 5px;
      }
    </style>
  </head>
  <body>
  <h3>
    <a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/allBook">进入书籍</a>
  </h3>
  </body>
</html>

8. 编写WEB-INF/jsp/allBook.jsp页面

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <!--引入在线bootStrap-->
    <link href="https://cdn.staticfile.org/twitter-bootstrap/3.3.7/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
    <title>书籍展示</title>
</head>
<body>
    <div class="container">
        <div class="row clearfix">
            <div class="col-md-12 colum">
                <div class="page-header">
                    <h1>
                        <small>书籍列表————显示所有书籍</small>
                    </h1>
                </div>
            </div>
            <div class="row">
                <div class="col-md-4 column">
                    <a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/toAddBook">添加书籍</a>
                    <a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/allBook">显示所有书籍</a>
                </div>
                <div class="col-md-4 column">
                    <form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/queryBook" method="post">
                        <span style="color: red">${error}</span>
                        <input type="text" name="bookName" class="from-control" placeholder="请输入要查询的书籍名称">
                        <input type="submit" value="查询">
                    </form>
                </div>

            </div>
        </div>

        <div class="row clearfix">
            <div class="col-md-12 column">
                <table class="table table-hover table-striped">
                    <thead>
                        <tr>
                            <th>书籍编号</th>
                            <th>书籍名称</th>
                            <th>书籍数量</th>
                            <th>书籍详情</th>
                        </tr>
                    </thead>
                    <tbody>
                        <c:forEach var="book" items="${books}">
                            <tr>
                                <td>${book.bookID}</td>
                                <td>${book.bookName}</td>
                                <td>${book.bookCounts}</td>
                                <td>${book.detail}</td>
                                <td>
                                    <a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/toUpdateBook?id=${book.bookID}">修改</a> &nbsp; | &nbsp;
                                    <a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/deleteBook/${book.bookID}">删除</a>
                                </td>
                            </tr>
                        </c:forEach>
                    </tbody>
                </table>
            </div>
        </div>
    </div>

</body>
</html>

9. 编写WEB-INF/jsp/addBook.jsp页面

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <link href="https://cdn.staticfile.org/twitter-bootstrap/3.3.7/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<div class="container">
    <div class="row clearfix">
        <div class="col-md-12 colum">
            <div class="page-header">
                <h1>
                    <small>添加书籍</small>
                </h1>
            </div>
        </div>
    </div>

    <form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/addBook" method="post">
        <div class="form-group">
            <label>书籍名称:</label>
            <input type="text" name="bookName" class="form-control" required>
        </div>
        <div class="form-group">
            <label>书籍数量:</label>
            <input type="text" name="bookCounts" class="form-control" required>
        </div>
        <div class="form-group">
            <label>书籍描述:</label>
            <input type="text" name="detail" class="form-control" required>
        </div>
        <div class="form-group">
            <input type="submit" class="form-control"value="添加">
        </div>
    </form>
</div>
</body>
</html>

10. 编写WEB-INF/jsp/updateBook.jsp页面

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <link href="https://cdn.staticfile.org/twitter-bootstrap/3.3.7/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<div class="container">
    <div class="row clearfix">
        <div class="col-md-12 colum">
            <div class="page-header">
                <h1>
                    <small>修改书籍</small>
                </h1>
            </div>
        </div>
    </div>

    <form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/updateBook" method="post">
        <input type="hidden" name="bookID" value="${QBook.bookID}">
        <div class="form-group">
            <label>书籍名称:</label>
            <input type="text" name="bookName" class="form-control" required value="${QBook.bookName}">
        </div>
        <div class="form-group">
            <label>书籍数量:</label>
            <input type="text" name="bookCounts" class="form-control" required value="${QBook.bookCounts}">
        </div>
        <div class="form-group">
            <label>书籍描述:</label>
            <input type="text" name="detail" class="form-control" required value="${QBook.detail}">
        </div>
        <div class="form-group">
            <input type="submit" class="form-control"value="添加">
        </div>
    </form>
</div>
</body>
</html>

11. 编写Controller层 BookController.java

package com.it.controller;

import com.it.pojo.Books;
import com.it.service.BookService;
import com.it.service.BookServiceImpl;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;

import java.awt.print.Book;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

/**
 * @author shkstart
 * @create 2020-04-21 16:44
 */
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/book")
public class BookController {

    @Autowired
    @Qualifier("bookServiceImpl")
    private BookService bookService = new BookServiceImpl();

    //查询全部书籍 返回一个书籍展示页面
    @RequestMapping("/allBook")
    public String allBook(Model model){
        List<Books> books = bookService.queryBooks();
        model.addAttribute("books",books);
        return "allBook";
    }

    //跳转到新增书籍页面
    @RequestMapping("/toAddBook")
    public String addPages(){
        return "addBook";
    }

    //添加书籍的请求
    @RequestMapping("/addBook")
    public String addBook(Books books){
        System.out.println("books==>" + books);
        bookService.addBook(books);
        //请求重定向回首页
        return "redirect:/book/allBook";
    }

    //跳转到修改书籍页面
    @RequestMapping("/toUpdateBook")
    public String updatePages(int id,Model model){
        Books books = bookService.queryBookById(id);
        model.addAttribute("QBook",books);
        return "updateBook";
    }

    //修改书籍请求
    @RequestMapping("/updateBook")
    public String updateBook(Books books){
        System.out.println("updateBook==>" + books);

        bookService.updateBook(books);

        return "redirect:/book/allBook";
    }

    //删除书籍请求
    @RequestMapping("deleteBook/{bookId}")
    public String deleteBook(@PathVariable("bookId") int id){
        bookService.deleteBookById(id);
        return "redirect:/book/allBook";
    }

    //根据名字查询图书请求
    @RequestMapping("/queryBook")
    public String queryBook(@RequestParam("bookName")String name, Model model){
        Books books = bookService.queryBookByName(name);
        System.out.println(books);
        List<Books> list = new ArrayList<Books>();
        list.add(books);

        if(books == null){
            list = bookService.queryBooks();
            model.addAttribute("error","未查到有关书籍");
        }
        model.addAttribute("books",list);
        return "allBook";
    }
}

12. 测试

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