STM32串口通信配置分别为USART1+USART2+USART3+UART4
在stm32中UART和USART是不相同的
USART是通用同步/异步串行接收/发送器
UART是通用异步收发传输器
简单区分同步和异步就是看通信时需不需要对外提供时钟输出,我们平时用的串口通信基本都是 UART。
USART支持同步模式,因此USART 需要同步时钟信号USART_CK(如STM32 单片机),通常情况同步信号很少使用,因此一般的单片机 UART和USART使用方 式是一样的,都使用异步模式。
UART需要固定的波特率,就是说两位数据的间隔要相等。 UART总线是异步串口,一般由波特率产生器(产生的波特率等于传输波特率的16倍)、UART接收器、 UART发送器组成,硬件上有两根线,一根用于发送,一根用于接收。 显然,如果用通用IO口模拟UART总线,则需一个输入口,一个输出口。
UART是一个并行输入成为串行输出的芯片,通常集成在主板上,多数是16550AFN芯片。因为计算机内部采用并行数据,不能直接把数据发到Modem,必须经过UART整理才能进行异步传输,其过程为:CPU先把准备写入串行设备的数据放到UART的寄存器(临时内存块)中,再通过FIFO(First Input First Output,先入先出队列)传送到串行设备,若是没有FIFO,信息将变得杂乱无章,不可能传送到Modem。
作为接口的一部分,UART还提供以下功能:将由计算机内部传送过来的并行数据转换为输出的串行数据流。将计算机外部来的串行数据转换为字节,供计算机内部使用并行数据的器件使用。在输出的串行数据流中加入奇偶校验位,并对从外部接收的数据流进行奇偶校验。在输出数据流中加入启停标记,并从接收数据流中删除启停标记。处理由键盘或鼠标发出的中断信号(键盘和鼠标也是串行设备)。可以处理计算机与外部串行设备的同步管理问题。
USART收发模块一般分为三大部分:时钟发生器、数据发送器和接收器。控制寄存器为所有的模块共享。时钟发生器由同步逻辑电路(在同步从模式下由外部时钟输入驱动)和波特率发生器组成。发送时钟引脚XCK仅用于同步发送模式下,发送器部分由一个单独的写入缓冲器(发送UDR)、一个串行移位寄存器、校验位发生器和用于处理不同浈结构的控制逻辑电路构成。使用写入缓冲器,实现了连续发送多浈数据无延时的通信。接收器是USART模块最复杂的部分,最主要的是时钟和数据接收单元。数据接收单元用作异步数据的接收。除了接收单元,接收器还包括校验位校验器、控制逻辑、移位寄存器和两级接收缓冲器(接收UDR)。接收器支持与发送器相同的帧结构,同时支持桢错误、数据溢出和校验错误的检测。USART是一个全双工通用同步/异步串行收发模块,该接口是一个高度灵活的串行通信设备。
一、串口一的配置
#include "stm32f10x_usart.h"
#include "stm32f10x.h"
#include "stm32f10x_iwdg.h"
u8 USART1_RX_BUF[21];
u8 USART1_RX_CNT=0;
void IWDG_Configuration(void);
void Usart1_Init(u32 bound)
{
GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStructure;
USART_InitTypeDef USART_InitStructure;
NVIC_InitTypeDef NVIC_InitStructure;
RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_USART1|RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOA|RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOC, ENABLE);
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_9;
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_50MHz;
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_AF_PP;
GPIO_Init(GPIOA, &GPIO_InitStructure);
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_10;
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_IN_FLOATING;
GPIO_Init(GPIOA, &GPIO_InitStructure);
NVIC_PriorityGroupConfig(NVIC_PriorityGroup_2);
NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannel = USART1_IRQn;
NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelPreemptionPriority=3 ;
NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelSubPriority = 3;
NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelCmd = ENABLE;
NVIC_Init(&NVIC_InitStructure);
USART_InitStructure.USART_BaudRate = bound;
USART_InitStructure.USART_WordLength = USART_WordLength_8b;
USART_InitStructure.USART_StopBits = USART_StopBits_1;
USART_InitStructure.USART_Parity = USART_Parity_No;
USART_InitStructure.USART_HardwareFlowControl = USART_HardwareFlowControl_None;
USART_InitStructure.USART_Mode = USART_Mode_Rx | USART_Mode_Tx;
USART_Init(USART1, &USART_InitStructure);
USART_ITConfig(USART1, USART_IT_RXNE, ENABLE);
USART_Cmd(USART1, ENABLE);
}
void USART1_Send_Data(u8 *buf,u16 len)
{
u16 t;
GPIO_SetBits(GPIOC,GPIO_Pin_9);
for(t=0;t<len;t++)
{
while(USART_GetFlagStatus(USART1,USART_FLAG_TC)==RESET);
USART_SendData(USART1,buf[t]);
}
while(USART_GetFlagStatus(USART1, USART_FLAG_TC) == RESET);
GPIO_ResetBits(GPIOC,GPIO_Pin_9);
}
void main(void)
{
Usart1_Init(9600);
IWDG_Configuration();
while(1)
{
IWDG_ReloadCounter();
if(USART1_RX_CNT==21)
{
USART1_RX_CNT=0;
USART1_Send_Data(USART1_RX_BUF,21);
}
}
}
void USART1_IRQHandler(void)
{
u8 Res;
if(USART_GetITStatus(USART1, USART_IT_RXNE) != RESET)
{
Res =USART_ReceiveData(USART1);
if(USART1_RX_CNT<21)
{
USART1_RX_BUF[USART1_RX_CNT]=Res;
USART1_RX_CNT++;
}
}
if(USART_GetFlagStatus(USART1,USART_FLAG_ORE) == SET)
{
USART_ReceiveData(USART1);
USART_ClearFlag(USART1,USART_FLAG_ORE);
}
USART_ClearFlag(UART1,USART_IT_RXNE);
}
void IWDG_Configuration(void)
{
IWDG_WriteAccessCmd(IWDG_WriteAccess_Enable);
IWDG_SetPrescaler(IWDG_Prescaler_256);
IWDG_SetReload(781);
IWDG_SetReload(3125);
IWDG_Enable();
IWDG_ReloadCounter();
}
二、串口二的配置
#include "stm32f10x_usart.h"
#include "stm32f10x.h"
#include "stm32f10x_iwdg.h"
u8 USART2_RX_BUF[250];
u8 USART2_RX_CNT=0;
u16 USART2_RX_STA=0;
void Usart2_Init(u32 bound)
{
GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStructure;
USART_InitTypeDef USART_InitStructure;
NVIC_InitTypeDef NVIC_InitStructure;
RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOA, ENABLE);
RCC_APB1PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB1Periph_USART2,ENABLE);
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_2;
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_AF_PP;
GPIO_Init(GPIOA, &GPIO_InitStructure);
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_3;
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_IN_FLOATING;
GPIO_Init(GPIOA, &GPIO_InitStructure);
RCC_APB1PeriphResetCmd(RCC_APB1Periph_USART2,ENABLE);
RCC_APB1PeriphResetCmd(RCC_APB1Periph_USART2,DISABLE);
NVIC_PriorityGroupConfig(NVIC_PriorityGroup_2);
NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannel = USART2_IRQn;
NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelPreemptionPriority = 3;
NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelSubPriority = 3;
NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelCmd = ENABLE;
NVIC_Init(&NVIC_InitStructure);
USART_InitStructure.USART_BaudRate = bound;
USART_InitStructure.USART_WordLength = USART_WordLength_8b;
USART_InitStructure.USART_StopBits = USART_StopBits_1;
USART_InitStructure.USART_Parity = USART_Parity_No;
USART_InitStructure.USART_HardwareFlowControl = USART_HardwareFlowControl_None;
USART_InitStructure.USART_Mode = USART_Mode_Rx | USART_Mode_Tx;
USART_Init(USART2, &USART_InitStructure); ;
USART_ITConfig(USART2, USART_IT_RXNE, ENABLE);
USART_Cmd(USART2, ENABLE);
}
void USART2_Send_Data(u8 *buf,u16 len)
{
u16 t;
for(t=0;t<len;t++)
{
while(USART_GetFlagStatus(USART2, USART_FLAG_TC) == RESET);
USART_SendData(USART2,buf[t]);
}
while(USART_GetFlagStatus(USART2, USART_FLAG_TC) == RESET);
}
void USART2_Receive_Data(u8 *buf)
{
u8 rxlen=USART2_RX_CNT;
u8 i=0;
delay_ms(10);
while(rxlen!=USART2_RX_CNT)
{
rxlen=USART2_RX_CNT;
delay_ms(10);
}
for(i=0;i<(USART2_RX_CNT);i++)
{
buf[i] = USART2_RX_BUF[i];
USART2_RX_BUF[i] = 0;
}
USART2_RX_CNT=0;
}
void main(void)
{
Usart2_Init(9600);
while(1)
{
if(USART2_RX_STA)
{
USART2_RX_STA=0;
USART2_Send_Data(USART2_RX_BUF,USART2_RX_CNT);
USART2_RX_CNT=0;
}
}
}
void USART2_IRQHandler(void)
{
u8 res;
if(USART_GetITStatus(USART2, USART_IT_RXNE) != RESET)
{
res =USART_ReceiveData(USART2);
if(USART2_RX_STA==0)
{
USART2_RX_BUF[USART2_RX_CNT] = res;
if(USART2_RX_BUF[USART2_RX_CNT-1]==0xA0&&USART2_RX_BUF[USART2_RX_CNT]==0xA1)
USART2_RX_STA=1;
USART2_RX_CNT++;
}
}
}
if(USART_GetFlagStatus(USART2,USART_FLAG_ORE) == SET)
{
USART_ReceiveData(USART2);
USART_ClearFlag(USART2,USART_FLAG_ORE);
}
USART_ClearFlag(UART2,USART_IT_RXNE);
}
三、串口三的配置
#include "stm32f10x_usart.h"
#include "stm32f10x.h"
#define USART3_TIMEOUT_Setting 800
u8 USART3_RX_BUF[250];
u16 USART3_RX_CNT=0;
u16 USART3_RX_TIMEOUT=0;
void Timer1CountInitial(void);
void USART3_Init(u32 baud)
{
USART_InitTypeDef USART_InitStructure;
NVIC_InitTypeDef NVIC_InitStructure;
GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStructure;
RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOB , ENABLE);
RCC_APB1PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB1Periph_USART3, ENABLE);
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_11;
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_IN_FLOATING;
GPIO_Init(GPIOB, &GPIO_InitStructure);
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_10;
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_50MHz;
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_AF_PP;
GPIO_Init(GPIOB, &GPIO_InitStructure);
USART_InitStructure.USART_BaudRate = baud;
USART_InitStructure.USART_WordLength = USART_WordLength_8b;
USART_InitStructure.USART_StopBits = USART_StopBits_1;
USART_InitStructure.USART_Parity = USART_Parity_No;
USART_InitStructure.USART_HardwareFlowControl = USART_HardwareFlowControl_None;
USART_InitStructure.USART_Mode = USART_Mode_Rx | USART_Mode_Tx;
USART_Init(USART3, &USART_InitStructure);
USART_ITConfig(USART3, USART_IT_RXNE, ENABLE);
USART_Cmd(USART3, ENABLE);
NVIC_PriorityGroupConfig(NVIC_PriorityGroup_2);
NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannel = USART3_IRQn;
NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelPreemptionPriority=3 ;
NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelSubPriority = 2;
NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelCmd = ENABLE;
NVIC_Init(&NVIC_InitStructure);
}
void USART3_Sned_Char(u8 temp)
{
USART_SendData(USART3,(u8)temp);
while(USART_GetFlagStatus(USART3,USART_FLAG_TXE)==RESET);
}
void USART3_Sned_Char_Buff(u8 buf[],u32 len)
{
u32 i;
for(i=0;i<len;i++)
USART3_Sned_Char(buf[i]);
}
void main(void)
{
Timer1CountInitial();
Usart3_Init(9600);
while(1)
{
if(USART3_RX_TIMEOUT==USART3_TIMEOUT_Setting)
{
USART3_RX_TIMEOUT=0;
USART3_Sned_Char_Buff(USART3_RX_BUF,USART3_RX_CNT);
USART3_RX_CNT=0;
}
}
}
void USART3_IRQHandler(void)
{
u8 Res;
if(USART_GetITStatus(USART3, USART_IT_RXNE) != RESET)
{
USART3_RX_TIMEOUT=0;
USART3_RX_BUF[USART3_RX_CNT++] = USART_ReceiveData(USART3);
}
if(USART_GetFlagStatus(USART3,USART_FLAG_ORE) == SET)
{
USART_ReceiveData(USART3);
USART_ClearFlag(USART3,USART_FLAG_ORE);
}
USART_ClearITPendingBit(USART3, USART_IT_RXNE);
}
void Timer1CountInitial(void)
{
TIM_TimeBaseInitTypeDef TIM_TimeBaseStructure;
RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_TIM1, ENABLE);
TIM_TimeBaseStructure.TIM_Period = 100-1;
TIM_TimeBaseStructure.TIM_Prescaler = 7200-1;
TIM_TimeBaseStructure.TIM_CounterMode = TIM_CounterMode_Up;
TIM_TimeBaseStructure.TIM_ClockDivision = TIM_CKD_DIV1;
TIM_TimeBaseStructure.TIM_RepetitionCounter = 0;
TIM_TimeBaseInit(TIM1,&TIM_TimeBaseStructure);
TIM_ClearFlag(TIM1,TIM_FLAG_Update);
TIM_ITConfig(TIM1,TIM_IT_Update,ENABLE);
TIM_Cmd(TIM1, ENABLE);
}
void TIM1_UP_IRQHandler(void)
{
if (TIM_GetITStatus(TIM1, TIM_IT_Update) != RESET)
{
if(USART3_RX_TIMEOUT<USART3_TIMEOUT_Setting)
USART3_RX_TIMEOUT++;
}
TIM_ClearITPendingBit(TIM1,TIM_IT_Update);
}
四、串口四的配置
#include "stm32f10x_usart.h"
#include "stm32f10x.h"
#define USART4_TIMEOUT_Setting 800
u8 USART4_RX_BUF[250];
u16 USART4_RX_CNT=0;
u16 USART2_RX_STA=0;
void Systick_delay_init(u8 SYSCLK);
u8 virtual_delay(u32 num,u8 unit);
void UART4_Init(u32 bound)
{
USART_InitTypeDef USART_InitStructure;
GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStructure;
RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOB | RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOC | RCC_APB2Periph_AFIO, ENABLE);
RCC_APB1PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB1Periph_UART4, ENABLE);
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = RS485_TX_EN_PIN;
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_Out_PP;
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_50MHz;
GPIO_Init(RS485_TX_EN_PORT, &GPIO_InitStructure);
RS485_TX_EN=0;
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_10;
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_50MHz;
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_AF_PP;
GPIO_Init(GPIOC, &GPIO_InitStructure);
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_11;
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_IN_FLOATING;
GPIO_Init(GPIOC, &GPIO_InitStructure);
USART_InitStructure.USART_BaudRate = bound;
USART_InitStructure.USART_WordLength = USART_WordLength_8b;
USART_InitStructure.USART_StopBits = USART_StopBits_1;
USART_InitStructure.USART_Parity = USART_Parity_No ;
USART_InitStructure.USART_HardwareFlowControl = USART_HardwareFlowControl_None;
USART_InitStructure.USART_Mode = USART_Mode_Rx | USART_Mode_Tx;
USART_Init(UART4, &USART_InitStructure);
USART_Cmd(UART4, ENABLE);
USART_ITConfig(UART4, USART_IT_RXNE, ENABLE);
USART_ClearFlag(UART4,USART_FLAG_TC);
}
void UART4_Receive_Data(u8 *buf)
{
u8 rxlen=21;
u8 i=0;
delay_ms(10);
RS485_RX_FLAG = 0;
if((UART4_RX_BUF[0]==0x01)&&(UART4_RX_BUF[1]==0x03))
{
for(i=0;i<rxlen;i++)
{
buf[i]=UART4_RX_BUF[i];
UART4_RX_BUF[i] = 0;
}
RS485_RX_FLAG = 1;
}
UART4_RX_CNT=0;
}
void UART4_Send_Data(u8 *buf,u16 len)
{
u16 t;
RS485_TX_EN=1;
for(t=0;t<len;t++)
{
while(USART_GetFlagStatus(UART4,USART_FLAG_TC)==RESET);
USART_SendData(UART4,buf[t]);
}
while(USART_GetFlagStatus(UART4, USART_FLAG_TC) == RESET);
RS485_TX_EN=0;
}
void main(void)
{
Systick_delay_init(72);
Usart4_Init(9600);
while(1)
{
if(USART2_RX_STA)
{
if(virtual_delay(USART4_TIMEOUT_Setting,MS))
{
UART4_Send_Data(UART4_RX_BUF,UART4_RX_CNT);
USART2_RX_STA=0;
UART4_RX_CNT=0;
}
}
}
}
void UART4_IRQHandler(void)
{
u8 Res;
if(USART_GetITStatus(UART4, USART_IT_RXNE) != RESET)
{
Res =USART_ReceiveData(UART4);
UART4_RX_BUF[UART4_RX_CNT&0XFF]=Res;
UART4_RX_CNT++;
USART2_RX_STA=1;
}
if( USART_GetITStatus(UART4, USART_IT_TC) == SET )
{
USART_ClearFlag(UART4, USART_FLAG_TC);
}
if(USART_GetFlagStatus(UART4,USART_FLAG_ORE) == SET)
{
USART_ReceiveData(UART4);
USART_ClearFlag(UART4,USART_FLAG_ORE);
}
USART_ClearFlag(UART4,USART_IT_RXNE);
}
void Systick_delay_init(u8 SYSCLK)
{
SysTick->CTRL&=0xfffffffb;
fac_us=SYSCLK/8;
fac_ms=(u16)fac_us*1000;
}
u8 virtual_delay(u32 num,u8 unit)
{
u32 temp;
if(virtual_delay_status==RESET)
{
if(unit==MS)
{
SysTick->LOAD=(u32)num*Delay_SYSCLK*125;
SysTick->VAL =0x00;
SysTick->CTRL=0x01 ;
}else if(unit==US)
{
SysTick->LOAD=num*Delay_SYSCLK/8;
SysTick->VAL=0x00;
SysTick->CTRL=0x01 ;
}
virtual_delay_status=SET;
return 0;
}
else
{
temp=SysTick->CTRL;
if(!(temp&0x01&&!(temp&(1<<16))))
{
SysTick->CTRL=0x00;
SysTick->VAL =0X00;
virtual_delay_status=RESET;
return 1;
}else return 0;
}
}