一 POM文件 版本更新快,可以自行搜jar依赖
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.alibaba/easyexcel -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>easyexcel</artifactId>
<version>3.0.1</version>
</dependency>
二 非必要依赖
Lombok:在生成模板类型可以使用,简便快捷,不用大量去写setter与getter和构造方法
常见Excel导入导出问题都存在类型转换类型,所以必备的三种常见类型转换
日期类
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Calendar;
import java.util.Date;
/*
* @author: GODV
* @date: 2020/2/5 23:38
* @params
* @return:
* @@Description: 日期辅助处理
*/
public class DateUtil {
/*
* @author: GODV
* @date: 2020/2/5 23:38
* @params
* @return:
* @@Description: 根据出生日期来计算年龄
*/
public static int getAge(Date date) {
if (date == null) {
return 0;
}
Calendar calendar = Calendar.getInstance();
calendar.setTime(date);
//2000
int year = calendar.get(Calendar.YEAR);
Calendar now = Calendar.getInstance();
//2019
int nowYear = now.get(Calendar.YEAR);
return nowYear - year == 0 ? 1 : nowYear - year;
}
/*
* @author: GODV
* @date: 2020/2/5 23:39
* @params
* @return:
* @@Description: String--->Date
*/
public static Date getBirthday(String date) {
if (date == null) {
return null;
}
if (("").equals(date)){
return null;
}
SimpleDateFormat format = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");
Date birthday = null;
try {
birthday = format.parse(date);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
birthday = null;
}
return birthday;
}
/*
* @author: GODV
* @date: 2020/2/5 23:39
* @params
* @return:
* @@Description: Date--->String
*/
public static String fomartBirthday(Date date) {
if (date == null) {
return "";
}
SimpleDateFormat format = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");
String birthday = format.format(date);
return birthday;
}
/*
* @author: GODV
* @date: 2020/2/5 23:52
* @params
* @return:
* @@Description: 获取时间
*/
public static Date getLocalDate(){
Date now =new Date();
return now;
}
/*
* @author: GODV
* @date: 2020/2/16 18:50
* @params 分钟化秒
* @return:
* @@Description: TODO(10分钟有效验证码)
*/
public static String activeDate(Date date ,int time){
SimpleDateFormat format = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd hh:mm:ss");
int s = time*60;
Calendar calendar = Calendar.getInstance();
calendar.clear();
calendar.setTime(date);
Calendar after = (Calendar) calendar.clone();
after.add(Calendar.SECOND, s);
String outAfter = format.format(after.getTime());
return outAfter;
}
}
只给日期类,通常还有很多类型的util,百度都是有现成的,看一下就是自己的了
三 核心部分 ExcelUtil.java
import com.alibaba.excel.EasyExcelFactory;
import com.alibaba.excel.ExcelWriter;
import com.alibaba.excel.context.AnalysisContext;
import com.alibaba.excel.event.AnalysisEventListener;
import com.alibaba.excel.metadata.BaseRowModel;
import com.alibaba.excel.metadata.Sheet;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.Getter;
import lombok.Setter;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.util.CollectionUtils;
import org.springframework.util.StringUtils;
import java.io.*;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.List;
@Slf4j
public class ExcelUtil {
private static Sheet initSheet;
static {
initSheet = new Sheet(1, 0);
initSheet.setSheetName("sheet");
//设置自适应宽度
initSheet.setAutoWidth(Boolean.TRUE);
}
/**
* 读取少于1000行数据
* @param filePath 文件绝对路径
* @return
*/
public static List<Object> readLessThan1000Row(String filePath){
return readLessThan1000RowBySheet(filePath,null);
}
/**
* 读小于1000行数据, 带样式
* filePath 文件绝对路径
* initSheet :
* sheetNo: sheet页码,默认为1
* headLineMun: 从第几行开始读取数据,默认为0, 表示从第一行开始读取
* clazz: 返回数据List<Object> 中Object的类名
*/
public static List<Object> readLessThan1000RowBySheet(String filePath, Sheet sheet){
if(!StringUtils.hasText(filePath)){
return null;
}
sheet = sheet != null ? sheet : initSheet;
InputStream fileStream = null;
BufferedInputStream bufferedInputStream=null;
try {
fileStream = new FileInputStream(filePath);
bufferedInputStream= new BufferedInputStream(fileStream);
return EasyExcelFactory.read(bufferedInputStream, sheet);
} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
log.info("找不到文件或文件路径错误, 文件:{}", filePath);
}finally {
try {
if(fileStream != null){
fileStream.close();
}
} catch (IOException e) {
log.info("excel文件读取失败, 失败原因:{}", e);
}
}
return null;
}
/**
* 读大于1000行数据
* @param filePath 文件觉得路径
* @return
*/
public static List<Object> readMoreThan1000Row(String filePath){
return readMoreThan1000RowBySheet(filePath,null);
}
/**
* 读大于1000行数据, 带样式
* @param filePath 文件觉得路径
* @return
*/
public static List<Object> readMoreThan1000RowBySheet(String filePath, Sheet sheet){
if(!StringUtils.hasText(filePath)){
return null;
}
sheet = sheet != null ? sheet : initSheet;
InputStream fileStream = null;
try {
fileStream = new FileInputStream(filePath);
ExcelListener excelListener = new ExcelListener();
EasyExcelFactory.readBySax(fileStream, sheet, excelListener);
return excelListener.getDatas();
} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
log.error("找不到文件或文件路径错误, 文件:{}", filePath);
}finally {
try {
if(fileStream != null){
fileStream.close();
}
} catch (IOException e) {
log.error("excel文件读取失败, 失败原因:{}", e);
}
}
return null;
}
/**
* 生成excle
* @param filePath 绝对路径, 如:/home/chenmingjian/Downloads/aaa.xlsx
* @param data 数据源
* @param head 表头
*/
public static void writeBySimple(String filePath, List<List<Object>> data, List<String> head){
writeSimpleBySheet(filePath,data,head,null);
}
/**
* 生成excle
* @param filePath 绝对路径, 如:/home/chenmingjian/Downloads/aaa.xlsx
* @param data 数据源
* @param sheet excle页面样式
* @param head 表头
*/
public static void writeSimpleBySheet(String filePath, List<List<Object>> data, List<String> head, Sheet sheet){
sheet = (sheet != null) ? sheet : initSheet;
if(head != null){
List<List<String>> list = new ArrayList<>();
head.forEach(h -> list.add(Collections.singletonList(h)));
sheet.setHead(list);
}
OutputStream outputStream = null;
ExcelWriter writer = null;
try {
outputStream = new FileOutputStream(filePath);
writer = EasyExcelFactory.getWriter(outputStream);
writer.write1(data,sheet);
} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
log.error("找不到文件或文件路径错误, 文件:{}", filePath);
}finally {
try {
if(writer != null){
writer.finish();
}
if(outputStream != null){
outputStream.close();
}
} catch (IOException e) {
log.error("excel文件导出失败, 失败原因:{}", e);
}
}
}
/**
* 生成excle
* @param filePath 绝对路径, 如:/home/chenmingjian/Downloads/aaa.xlsx
* @param data 数据源
*/
public static void writeWithTemplate(String filePath, List<? extends BaseRowModel> data){
writeWithTemplateAndSheet(filePath,data,null);
}
/**
* 生成excle
* @param filePath 绝对路径, 如:/home/chenmingjian/Downloads/aaa.xlsx
* @param data 数据源
* @param sheet excle页面样式
*/
public static void writeWithTemplateAndSheet(String filePath, List<? extends BaseRowModel> data, Sheet sheet){
if(CollectionUtils.isEmpty(data)){
return;
}
sheet = (sheet != null) ? sheet : initSheet;
sheet.setClazz(data.get(0).getClass());
OutputStream outputStream = null;
ExcelWriter writer = null;
try {
outputStream = new FileOutputStream(filePath);
writer = EasyExcelFactory.getWriter(outputStream);
writer.write(data,sheet);
} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
log.error("找不到文件或文件路径错误, 文件:{}", filePath);
}finally {
try {
if(writer != null){
writer.finish();
}
if(outputStream != null){
outputStream.close();
}
} catch (IOException e) {
log.error("excel文件导出失败, 失败原因:{}", e);
}
}
}
/**
* 生成多Sheet的excle
* @param filePath 绝对路径, 如:/home/chenmingjian/Downloads/aaa.xlsx
* @param multipleSheelPropetys
*/
public static void writeWithMultipleSheel(String filePath,List<MultipleSheelPropety> multipleSheelPropetys){
if(CollectionUtils.isEmpty(multipleSheelPropetys)){
return;
}
OutputStream outputStream = null;
ExcelWriter writer = null;
try {
outputStream = new FileOutputStream(filePath);
writer = EasyExcelFactory.getWriter(outputStream);
for (MultipleSheelPropety multipleSheelPropety : multipleSheelPropetys) {
Sheet sheet = multipleSheelPropety.getSheet() != null ? multipleSheelPropety.getSheet() : initSheet;
if(!CollectionUtils.isEmpty(multipleSheelPropety.getData())){
sheet.setClazz(multipleSheelPropety.getData().get(0).getClass());
}
writer.write(multipleSheelPropety.getData(), sheet);
}
} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
log.error("找不到文件或文件路径错误, 文件:{}", filePath);
}finally {
try {
if(writer != null){
writer.finish();
}
if(outputStream != null){
outputStream.close();
}
} catch (IOException e) {
log.error("excel文件导出失败, 失败原因:{}", e);
}
}
}
/*********************匿名内部类开始,可以提取出去******************************/
@Data
public static class MultipleSheelPropety{
private List<? extends BaseRowModel> data;
private Sheet sheet;
}
/**
* 解析***,
* 每解析一行会回调invoke()方法。
* 整个excel解析结束会执行doAfterAllAnalysed()方法
*
* @author: chenmingjian
* @date: 19-4-3 14:11
*/
@Getter
@Setter
public static class ExcelListener extends AnalysisEventListener {
private List<Object> datas = new ArrayList<>();
/**
* 逐行解析
* object : 当前行的数据
*/
@Override
public void invoke(Object object, AnalysisContext context) {
//当前行
// context.getCurrentRowNum()
if (object != null) {
datas.add(object);
}
}
/**
* 解析完所有数据后会调用该方法
*/
@Override
public void doAfterAllAnalysed(AnalysisContext context) {
//解析结束销毁不用的资源
}
}
/************************匿名内部类结束,可以提取出去***************************/
}
-
代码58行,我改成了BufferedInputStream,不改就会抛出异常,无法正常工作,也就说最好都改成BufferedInputStream。
-
转载:https://blog.csdn.net/qq_32258777/article/details/89031479
-
如果模仿上述链接使用@Test进行测试的,记得标准logback.xml路径和引入相应jar
四 中场休息
通过学习ExcelUtil.java的做法,他在读的时候分了1000行数据的概念,这里我也查阅了相关资料,存在是有必要的,其中的道理涉及内存释放的问题,我这种小白就不指手画脚了,大神们已经帮我们把接口写好了,直接用就行了。
五 导入Excel数据 通常都是伴随着持久化操作
导入都是毛毛雨,但是需要提示的是返回List,你的pojo对象无法进行转换的的,可以采用反射的方式对数据进行转换
或者你感觉数据量不大的话,采用最老土的办法,Object对象去拿出来,再强制转换
这里需要注意的时候,既然是List那就仔细看清楚了,或者来个遍历,因为Excel是有表头的,过了表头才是你需要的真正数据。
六 导出Excel数据
模板制作
单sheet页无模型导出(最low的模型,也是最快最简单的)
//配置路径
String filePath = "C:\Users\Administrator\Desktop\applicantor.xlsx";
List<List<Object>> data = new ArrayList<>();
data.add(Arrays.asList("1","胡歌","男","18"));
data.add(Arrays.asList("2","彭于晏","男","18"));
data.add(Arrays.asList("3","霍建华","男","18"));
data.add(Arrays.asList("4","乔碧罗","女","18"));
List<String> head = Arrays.asList("序号", "姓名", "性别","年龄");
ExcelUtil.writeBySimple(filePath,data,head);
单sheet页模型映射导出
import com.alibaba.excel.annotation.ExcelProperty;
import com.alibaba.excel.metadata.BaseRowModel;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.EqualsAndHashCode;
@EqualsAndHashCode(callSuper = true)
@Data//这就是使用lombok的好处,主要是快捷
public class TableHeaderModel extends BaseRowModel {
/**
* value: 表头名称
* index: 列的号, 0表示第一列
*/
@ExcelProperty(value = "姓名", index = 0)
private String name;
@ExcelProperty(value = "年龄",index = 1)
private int age;
@ExcelProperty(value = "学校",index = 2)
private String school;
}
String filePath = "C:\Users\Administrator\Desktop\applicantor.xlsx";
ArrayList<TableHeaderExcelProperty> data = new ArrayList<>();
TableHeaderModel tableHeaderExcelProperty = new TableHeaderExcelProperty();
tableHeaderExcelProperty.setName("cmj" + i);
tableHeaderExcelProperty.setAge(22 + i);
tableHeaderExcelProperty.setSchool("清华大学" + i);
data.add(tableHeaderExcelProperty);
ExcelUtil.writeWithTemplate(filePath,data);
多sheet页模型导出
模型不变更换方法
ArrayList<ExcelUtil.MultipleSheelPropety> list1 = new ArrayList<>();
for(int j = 1; j < 4; j++){
ArrayList<TableHeaderExcelProperty> list = new ArrayList<>();
for(int i = 0; i < 4; i++){
TableHeaderExcelProperty tableHeaderExcelProperty = new TableHeaderExcelProperty();
tableHeaderExcelProperty.setName("cmj" + i);
tableHeaderExcelProperty.setAge(22 + i);
tableHeaderExcelProperty.setSchool("清华大学" + i);
list.add(tableHeaderExcelProperty);
}
Sheet sheet = new Sheet(j, 0);
sheet.setSheetName("sheet" + j);
ExcelUtil.MultipleSheelPropety multipleSheelPropety = new ExcelUtil.MultipleSheelPropety();
multipleSheelPropety.setData(list);
multipleSheelPropety.setSheet(sheet);
list1.add(multipleSheelPropety);
}
ExcelUtil.writeWithMultipleSheel("C:\Users\Administrator\Desktop\applicantor.xlsx",list1);
//这是直接用别人写的了
多表头模型导出
import com.alibaba.excel.annotation.ExcelProperty;
import com.alibaba.excel.metadata.BaseRowModel;
import lombok.Data;
import org.springframework.util.Assert;
import java.math.BigDecimal;
@Data
public class TaxVerificationOutEO extends BaseRowModel {
@ExcelProperty(value = {"帐套编码","帐套编码"},index = 0)
private String organizeId;
@ExcelProperty(value = {"帐套名称","帐套名称"},index = 1)
private String organizeName;
@ExcelProperty(value = {"税款所属期","税款所属期"},index = 2)
private String verificationDate;
@ExcelProperty(value={ "上期留抵税额","申报值"},index = 3)
private BigDecimal basisTax;
@ExcelProperty(value = {"上期留抵税额","差异"},index = 4)
private BigDecimal basisTaxDiff;
@ExcelProperty(value = {"本期销项","申报值"},index = 5)
private BigDecimal outputTax;
@ExcelProperty(value = {"本期销项","差异"},index = 6)
private BigDecimal outputTaxDiff;
@ExcelProperty(value = {"本期进项","申报值"},index = 7)
private BigDecimal inputTax;
@ExcelProperty(value = {"本期进项","差异"},index = 8)
private BigDecimal inputTaxDiff;
@ExcelProperty(value = {"进项转出","申报值"},index = 9)
private BigDecimal inputTransfer;
@ExcelProperty(value ={"进项转出", "差异"},index = 10)
private BigDecimal inputTransferDiff;
@ExcelProperty(value = {"本期留抵税额","申报值"},index = 11)
private BigDecimal taxResult;
@ExcelProperty(value = {"本期留抵税额","差异"},index = 12)
private BigDecimal taxResultDiff;
}
七 总结
在阿里开发这款Excel导入导出,性能上可以说中上等,我用过POI,也用过JXL,相比之下,这款更适合自定义表格,一个pojo对象对应一个模板。
它最主要的强大地方就是可以根据自己的喜好去涉及模板属性,颜色,字体,背景色,读写高效。还可以插入图片,图片支持很多,Base64(二维码),URL都可以。
Java的反射可以去了解一下,方便我们可以看懂它的各种注解
下面链接详细解释了注解的作用:
https://blog.csdn.net/sinat_32366329/article/details/103109058
小白一枚,不喜勿喷