①思路分析
1)通过一个index值(索引),来遍历我们的表达式
2)如果我们发现是一个数字,,就直接入数栈
3)如果发现扫描到是一个符号, 就分如下情况
a.如果发现当前的符号栈为空,就直接入栈
b.如果符号栈有操作符,就进行比较,如果当前的操作符的优先级小于或者等于栈中的操作符,就需要从数栈中pop出两个数,在从符号栈中
pop出一个符号,进行运算,将得到结果入数栈,然后将当前的操作符入符号栈,如果当前的操作符的优先级大于栈中的操作符,就直接入符号栈.
4)当表达式扫描完毕,就顺序的从数栈和符号栈中pop出相应的数和符号,并运算.
5)最后在数栈只有一个数字,就是表达式的结果
②定义一个ArrayStack
class ArrayStack2 {
private int maxSize;
private int[] stack;
private int top = -1;
public ArrayStack2 (int maxSize) {
this.maxSize = maxSize;
stack = new int[this.maxSize];
}
public boolean isFull() {
return top == maxSize - 1;
}
public boolean isEmpty() {
return top == -1;
}
public int peek() {
return stack[top];
}
public void push(int value) {
if (isFull()) {
System.out.println("栈满");
return;
}
top++;
stack[top] = value;
}
public Integer pop() {
if (isEmpty()) {
System.out.println("栈空,没有数据~");
return null;
}
int value = stack[top];
top--;
return value;
}
public void list() {
if (isEmpty()) {
System.out.println("栈空,没有数据");
return;
}
for (int i = top; i >= 0; i--) {
System.out.printf("stack[%d]=%d\n",i,stack[i]);
}
}
public int priority(int oper) {
if (oper == '*' || oper == '/') {
return 1;
} else if (oper == '+' || oper == '-') {
return 0;
} else {
return -1;
}
}
public boolean isOper(char val) {
return val == '+' || val == '-' || val == '*' || val == '/';
}
public int cal (int num1, int num2, int oper) {
int res = 0;
switch (oper) {
case '+':
res = num1 + num2;
break;
case '-':
res = num2 - num1;
break;
case '*':
res = num1 * num2;
break;
case '/':
res = num2 / num1;
break;
default:
break;
}
return res;
}
}
③实现
public class Calculator {
public static void main(String[] args) {
String expression = "30+3*9-4";
ArrayStack2 numberStack = new ArrayStack2(10);
ArrayStack2 operStack = new ArrayStack2(10);
int index = 0;
int num1 = 0;
int num2 = 0;
int oper = 0;
int res = 0;
char ch;
String keepNum = "";
while (true) {
ch = expression.substring(index,index+1).charAt(0);
if (operStack.isOper(ch)) {
if (!operStack.isEmpty()) {
if (operStack.priority(ch) <= operStack.priority(operStack.peek())) {
num1 = numberStack.pop();
num2 = numberStack.pop();
oper = operStack.pop();
res = numberStack.cal(num1, num2, oper);
numberStack.push(res);
operStack.push(ch);
} else {
operStack.push(ch);
}
} else {
operStack.push(ch);
}
} else {
keepNum += ch;
if (index == expression.length()-1) {
numberStack.push(Integer.parseInt(keepNum));
}else {
if (operStack.isOper(expression.substring(index+1,index+2).charAt(0))) {
numberStack.push(Integer.parseInt(keepNum));
keepNum = "";
}
}
}
index++;
if (index >= expression.length()) {
break;
}
}
while (true) {
if (operStack.isEmpty()) {
break;
}
num1 = numberStack.pop();
num2 = numberStack.pop();
oper = operStack.pop();
res = numberStack.cal(num1,num2,oper);
numberStack.push(res);
}
System.out.printf("表达式%s = %d",expression, numberStack.pop());
}
}