Ansible管理事实

Ansible试试是在受管主机上自动检测到变量，事实上含有主机相关信息，可以像play中的常规变量、条件、循环或依赖于主机中收集的值的任何其他语句那样使用。

可以通过查看为受管主机收集事实，运行一个收集事实并使用debug模块显示

cat debug.yml 
---
- name : fact dump
  hosts : all 
  tasks :
    - name : print all facts 
      debug : 
        var : ansible_facts

ansible-playbook debug.yml 运行输出如下

PLAY [fact dump] ***************************************************************

TASK [Gathering Facts] *********************************************************
ok: [servera.lab.example.com]

TASK [print all facts] *********************************************************
ok: [servera.lab.example.com] => {
    "ansible_facts": {
        "_facts_gathered": true,
        "all_ipv4_addresses": [
            "172.25.250.10"
        ],
        "all_ipv6_addresses": [
            "fe80::e6c5:468e:edb6:9b52"
        ],
        "ansible_local": {},
        "apparmor": {
            "status": "disabled"
        },
        "architecture": "x86_64",
        "bios_date": "04/01/2014",
        "bios_version": "1.11.1-4.module+el8.1.0+4066+0f1aadab",
        "cmdline": {
            "BOOT_IMAGE": "(hd0,msdos1)/boot/vmlinuz-4.18.0-80.el8.x86_64",
            "console": "ttyS0,115200n8",
            "crashkernel": "auto",
            "no_timer_check": true,
            "ro": true,
            "root": "UUID=884f47c9-a69d-4c5b-915d-6b7c9c74c923"
        },
        "date_time": {
            "date": "2022-04-26",
            "day": "26",
            "epoch": "1650921692",
            "hour": "05",
            "iso8601": "2022-04-25T21:21:32Z",
            "iso8601_basic": "20220426T052132956247",
            "iso8601_basic_short": "20220426T052132",
            "iso8601_micro": "2022-04-25T21:21:32.956529Z",
            "minute": "21",
            "month": "04",
            "second": "32",
            "time": "05:21:32",
            "tz": "CST",
            "tz_offset": "+0800",
            "weekday": "Tuesday",
            "weekday_number": "2",
            "weeknumber": "17",
            "year": "2022"
        },
        "default_ipv4": {
            "address": "172.25.250.10",
            "alias": "enp1s0",
            "broadcast": "172.25.250.255",
            "gateway": "172.25.250.254",
            "interface": "enp1s0",
            "macaddress": "52:54:00:00:fa:0a",
            "mtu": 1500,
            "netmask": "255.255.255.0",
            "network": "172.25.250.0",
            "type": "ether"
        },
        "default_ipv6": {},
        "device_links": {
            "ids": {},
            "labels": {},
            "masters": {},
            "uuids": {
                "vda1": [
                    "884f47c9-a69d-4c5b-915d-6b7c9c74c923"
                ]
            }
        },
        "devices": {
            "vda": {
                "holders": [],
                "host": "SCSI storage controller: Red Hat, Inc. Virtio block device (rev 01)",
                "links": {
                    "ids": [],
                    "labels": [],
                    "masters": [],
                    "uuids": []
                },
                "model": null,
                "partitions": {
                    "vda1": {
                        "holders": [],
                        "links": {
                            "ids": [],
                            "labels": [],
                            "masters": [],
                            "uuids": [
                                "884f47c9-a69d-4c5b-915d-6b7c9c74c923"
                            ]
                        },
                        "sectors": "20969439",
                        "sectorsize": 512,
                        "size": "10.00 GB",
                        "start": "2048",
                        "uuid": "884f47c9-a69d-4c5b-915d-6b7c9c74c923"
                    }
                },
                "removable": "0",
                "rotational": "1",
                "sas_address": null,
                "sas_device_handle": null,
                "scheduler_mode": "mq-deadline",
                "sectors": "20971520",
                "sectorsize": "512",
                "size": "10.00 GB",
                "support_discard": "0",
                "vendor": "0x1af4",
                "virtual": 1
            },
            "vdb": {
                "holders": [],
                "host": "SCSI storage controller: Red Hat, Inc. Virtio block device (rev 01)",
                "links": {
                    "ids": [],
                    "labels": [],
                    "masters": [],
                    "uuids": []
                },
                "model": null,
                "partitions": {},
                "removable": "0",
                "rotational": "1",
                "sas_address": null,
                "sas_device_handle": null,
                "scheduler_mode": "mq-deadline",
                "sectors": "10485760",
                "sectorsize": "512",
                "size": "5.00 GB",
                "support_discard": "0",
                "vendor": "0x1af4",
                "virtual": 1
            }
        },
        "distribution": "RedHat",
        "distribution_file_parsed": true,
        "distribution_file_path": "/etc/redhat-release",
        "distribution_file_search_string": "Red Hat",
        "distribution_file_variety": "RedHat",
        "distribution_major_version": "8",
        "distribution_release": "Ootpa",
        "distribution_version": "8.0",
        "dns": {
            "nameservers": [
                "172.25.250.254"
            ],
            "search": [
                "lab.example.com",
                "example.com"
            ]
        },
        "domain": "lab.example.com",
        "effective_group_id": 1000,
        "effective_user_id": 1000,
        "enp1s0": {
            "active": true,
            "device": "enp1s0",
            "features": {
                "esp_hw_offload": "off [fixed]",
                "esp_tx_csum_hw_offload": "off [fixed]",
                "fcoe_mtu": "off [fixed]",
                "generic_receive_offload": "on",
                "generic_segmentation_offload": "on",
                "highdma": "on [fixed]",
                "hw_tc_offload": "off [fixed]",
                "l2_fwd_offload": "off [fixed]",
                "large_receive_offload": "off [fixed]",
                "loopback": "off [fixed]",
                "netns_local": "off [fixed]",
                "ntuple_filters": "off [fixed]",
                "receive_hashing": "off [fixed]",
                "rx_all": "off [fixed]",
                "rx_checksumming": "on [fixed]",
                "rx_fcs": "off [fixed]",
                "rx_gro_hw": "off [fixed]",
                "rx_udp_tunnel_port_offload": "off [fixed]",
                "rx_vlan_filter": "on [fixed]",
                "rx_vlan_offload": "off [fixed]",
                "rx_vlan_stag_filter": "off [fixed]",
                "rx_vlan_stag_hw_parse": "off [fixed]",
                "scatter_gather": "on",
                "tcp_segmentation_offload": "on",
                "tls_hw_record": "off [fixed]",
                "tls_hw_tx_offload": "off [fixed]",
                "tx_checksum_fcoe_crc": "off [fixed]",
                "tx_checksum_ip_generic": "on",
                "tx_checksum_ipv4": "off [fixed]",
                "tx_checksum_ipv6": "off [fixed]",
                "tx_checksum_sctp": "off [fixed]",
                "tx_checksumming": "on",
                "tx_esp_segmentation": "off [fixed]",
                "tx_fcoe_segmentation": "off [fixed]",
                "tx_gre_csum_segmentation": "off [fixed]",
                "tx_gre_segmentation": "off [fixed]",
                "tx_gso_partial": "off [fixed]",
                "tx_gso_robust": "on [fixed]",
                "tx_ipxip4_segmentation": "off [fixed]",
                "tx_ipxip6_segmentation": "off [fixed]",
                "tx_lockless": "off [fixed]",
                "tx_nocache_copy": "off",
                "tx_scatter_gather": "on",
                "tx_scatter_gather_fraglist": "off [fixed]",
                "tx_sctp_segmentation": "off [fixed]",
                "tx_tcp6_segmentation": "on",
                "tx_tcp_ecn_segmentation": "on",
                "tx_tcp_mangleid_segmentation": "off",
                "tx_tcp_segmentation": "on",
                "tx_udp_segmentation": "off [fixed]",
                "tx_udp_tnl_csum_segmentation": "off [fixed]",
                "tx_udp_tnl_segmentation": "off [fixed]",
                "tx_vlan_offload": "off [fixed]",
                "tx_vlan_stag_hw_insert": "off [fixed]",
                "udp_fragmentation_offload": "off",
                "vlan_challenged": "off [fixed]"
            },
            "hw_timestamp_filters": [],
            "ipv4": {
                "address": "172.25.250.10",
                "broadcast": "172.25.250.255",
                "netmask": "255.255.255.0",
                "network": "172.25.250.0"
            },
            "ipv6": [
                {
                    "address": "fe80::e6c5:468e:edb6:9b52",
                    "prefix": "64",
                    "scope": "link"
                }
            ],
            "macaddress": "52:54:00:00:fa:0a",
            "module": "virtio_net",
            "mtu": 1500,
            "pciid": "virtio1",
            "promisc": false,
            "speed": -1,
            "timestamping": [
                "tx_software",
                "rx_software",
                "software"
            ],
            "type": "ether"
        },
        "enp2s0": {
            "active": true,
            "device": "enp2s0",
            "features": {
                "esp_hw_offload": "off [fixed]",
                "esp_tx_csum_hw_offload": "off [fixed]",
                "fcoe_mtu": "off [fixed]",
                "generic_receive_offload": "on",
                "generic_segmentation_offload": "on",
                "highdma": "on [fixed]",
                "hw_tc_offload": "off [fixed]",
                "l2_fwd_offload": "off [fixed]",
                "large_receive_offload": "off [fixed]",
                "loopback": "off [fixed]",
                "netns_local": "off [fixed]",
                "ntuple_filters": "off [fixed]",
                "receive_hashing": "off [fixed]",
                "rx_all": "off [fixed]",
                "rx_checksumming": "on [fixed]",
                "rx_fcs": "off [fixed]",
                "rx_gro_hw": "off [fixed]",
                "rx_udp_tunnel_port_offload": "off [fixed]",
                "rx_vlan_filter": "on [fixed]",
                "rx_vlan_offload": "off [fixed]",
                "rx_vlan_stag_filter": "off [fixed]",
                "rx_vlan_stag_hw_parse": "off [fixed]",
                "scatter_gather": "on",
                "tcp_segmentation_offload": "on",
                "tls_hw_record": "off [fixed]",
                "tls_hw_tx_offload": "off [fixed]",
                "tx_checksum_fcoe_crc": "off [fixed]",
                "tx_checksum_ip_generic": "on",
                "tx_checksum_ipv4": "off [fixed]",
                "tx_checksum_ipv6": "off [fixed]",
                "tx_checksum_sctp": "off [fixed]",
                "tx_checksumming": "on",
                "tx_esp_segmentation": "off [fixed]",
                "tx_fcoe_segmentation": "off [fixed]",
                "tx_gre_csum_segmentation": "off [fixed]",
                "tx_gre_segmentation": "off [fixed]",
                "tx_gso_partial": "off [fixed]",
                "tx_gso_robust": "on [fixed]",
                "tx_ipxip4_segmentation": "off [fixed]",
                "tx_ipxip6_segmentation": "off [fixed]",
                "tx_lockless": "off [fixed]",
                "tx_nocache_copy": "off",
                "tx_scatter_gather": "on",
                "tx_scatter_gather_fraglist": "off [fixed]",
                "tx_sctp_segmentation": "off [fixed]",
                "tx_tcp6_segmentation": "on",
                "tx_tcp_ecn_segmentation": "on",
                "tx_tcp_mangleid_segmentation": "off",
                "tx_tcp_segmentation": "on",
                "tx_udp_segmentation": "off [fixed]",
                "tx_udp_tnl_csum_segmentation": "off [fixed]",
                "tx_udp_tnl_segmentation": "off [fixed]",
                "tx_vlan_offload": "off [fixed]",
                "tx_vlan_stag_hw_insert": "off [fixed]",
                "udp_fragmentation_offload": "off",
                "vlan_challenged": "off [fixed]"
            },
            "hw_timestamp_filters": [],
            "macaddress": "52:54:00:01:fa:0a",
            "module": "virtio_net",
            "mtu": 1500,
            "pciid": "virtio2",
            "promisc": false,
            "speed": -1,
            "timestamping": [
                "tx_software",
                "rx_software",
                "software"
            ],
            "type": "ether"
        },
        "env": {
            "DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS": "unix:path=/run/user/1000/bus",
            "HOME": "/home/student",
            "LANG": "en_US.UTF-8",
            "LESSOPEN": "||/usr/bin/lesspipe.sh %s",
            "LOGNAME": "student",
            "LS_COLORS": "rs=0:di=01;34:ln=01;36:mh=00:pi=40;33:so=01;35:do=01;35:bd=40;33;01:cd=40;33;01:or=40;31;01:mi=01;05;37;41:su=37;41:sg=30;43:ca=30;41:tw=30;42:ow=34;42:st=37;44:ex=01;32:*.tar=01;31:*.tgz=01;31:*.arc=01;31:*.arj=01;31:*.taz=01;31:*.lha=01;31:*.lz4=01;31:*.lzh=01;31:*.lzma=01;31:*.tlz=01;31:*.txz=01;31:*.tzo=01;31:*.t7z=01;31:*.zip=01;31:*.z=01;31:*.dz=01;31:*.gz=01;31:*.lrz=01;31:*.lz=01;31:*.lzo=01;31:*.xz=01;31:*.zst=01;31:*.tzst=01;31:*.bz2=01;31:*.bz=01;31:*.tbz=01;31:*.tbz2=01;31:*.tz=01;31:*.deb=01;31:*.rpm=01;31:*.jar=01;31:*.war=01;31:*.ear=01;31:*.sar=01;31:*.rar=01;31:*.alz=01;31:*.ace=01;31:*.zoo=01;31:*.cpio=01;31:*.7z=01;31:*.rz=01;31:*.cab=01;31:*.wim=01;31:*.swm=01;31:*.dwm=01;31:*.esd=01;31:*.jpg=01;35:*.jpeg=01;35:*.mjpg=01;35:*.mjpeg=01;35:*.gif=01;35:*.bmp=01;35:*.pbm=01;35:*.pgm=01;35:*.ppm=01;35:*.tga=01;35:*.xbm=01;35:*.xpm=01;35:*.tif=01;35:*.tiff=01;35:*.png=01;35:*.svg=01;35:*.svgz=01;35:*.mng=01;35:*.pcx=01;35:*.mov=01;35:*.mpg=01;35:*.mpeg=01;35:*.m2v=01;35:*.mkv=01;35:*.webm=01;35:*.ogm=01;35:*.mp4=01;35:*.m4v=01;35:*.mp4v=01;35:*.vob=01;35:*.qt=01;35:*.nuv=01;35:*.wmv=01;35:*.asf=01;35:*.rm=01;35:*.rmvb=01;35:*.flc=01;35:*.avi=01;35:*.fli=01;35:*.flv=01;35:*.gl=01;35:*.dl=01;35:*.xcf=01;35:*.xwd=01;35:*.yuv=01;35:*.cgm=01;35:*.emf=01;35:*.ogv=01;35:*.ogx=01;35:*.aac=01;36:*.au=01;36:*.flac=01;36:*.m4a=01;36:*.mid=01;36:*.midi=01;36:*.mka=01;36:*.mp3=01;36:*.mpc=01;36:*.ogg=01;36:*.ra=01;36:*.wav=01;36:*.oga=01;36:*.opus=01;36:*.spx=01;36:*.xspf=01;36:",
            "MAIL": "/var/mail/student",
            "PATH": "/home/student/.local/bin:/home/student/bin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/sbin",
            "PWD": "/home/student",
            "SELINUX_LEVEL_REQUESTED": "",
            "SELINUX_ROLE_REQUESTED": "",
            "SELINUX_USE_CURRENT_RANGE": "",
            "SHELL": "/bin/bash",
            "SHLVL": "2",
            "SSH_CLIENT": "172.25.250.9 53964 22",
            "SSH_CONNECTION": "172.25.250.9 53964 172.25.250.10 22",
            "SSH_TTY": "/dev/pts/0",
            "TERM": "linux",
            "USER": "student",
            "XDG_RUNTIME_DIR": "/run/user/1000",
            "XDG_SESSION_ID": "9",
            "_": "/usr/bin/python3"
        },
        "fibre_channel_wwn": [],
        "fips": false,
        "form_factor": "Other",
        "fqdn": "servera.lab.example.com",
        "gather_subset": [
            "all"
        ],
        "hostname": "servera",
        "hostnqn": "",
        "interfaces": [
            "enp1s0",
            "enp2s0",
            "lo"
        ],
        "is_chroot": true,
        "iscsi_iqn": "",
        "kernel": "4.18.0-80.el8.x86_64",
        "lo": {
            "active": true,
            "device": "lo",
            "features": {
                "esp_hw_offload": "off [fixed]",
                "esp_tx_csum_hw_offload": "off [fixed]",
                "fcoe_mtu": "off [fixed]",
                "generic_receive_offload": "on",
                "generic_segmentation_offload": "on",
                "highdma": "on [fixed]",
                "hw_tc_offload": "off [fixed]",
                "l2_fwd_offload": "off [fixed]",
                "large_receive_offload": "off [fixed]",
                "loopback": "on [fixed]",
                "netns_local": "on [fixed]",
                "ntuple_filters": "off [fixed]",
                "receive_hashing": "off [fixed]",
                "rx_all": "off [fixed]",
                "rx_checksumming": "on [fixed]",
                "rx_fcs": "off [fixed]",
                "rx_gro_hw": "off [fixed]",
                "rx_udp_tunnel_port_offload": "off [fixed]",
                "rx_vlan_filter": "off [fixed]",
                "rx_vlan_offload": "off [fixed]",
                "rx_vlan_stag_filter": "off [fixed]",
                "rx_vlan_stag_hw_parse": "off [fixed]",
                "scatter_gather": "on",
                "tcp_segmentation_offload": "on",
                "tls_hw_record": "off [fixed]",
                "tls_hw_tx_offload": "off [fixed]",
                "tx_checksum_fcoe_crc": "off [fixed]",
                "tx_checksum_ip_generic": "on [fixed]",
                "tx_checksum_ipv4": "off [fixed]",
                "tx_checksum_ipv6": "off [fixed]",
                "tx_checksum_sctp": "on [fixed]",
                "tx_checksumming": "on",
                "tx_esp_segmentation": "off [fixed]",
                "tx_fcoe_segmentation": "off [fixed]",
                "tx_gre_csum_segmentation": "off [fixed]",
                "tx_gre_segmentation": "off [fixed]",
                "tx_gso_partial": "off [fixed]",
                "tx_gso_robust": "off [fixed]",
                "tx_ipxip4_segmentation": "off [fixed]",
                "tx_ipxip6_segmentation": "off [fixed]",
                "tx_lockless": "on [fixed]",
                "tx_nocache_copy": "off [fixed]",
                "tx_scatter_gather": "on [fixed]",
                "tx_scatter_gather_fraglist": "on [fixed]",
                "tx_sctp_segmentation": "on",
                "tx_tcp6_segmentation": "on",
                "tx_tcp_ecn_segmentation": "on",
                "tx_tcp_mangleid_segmentation": "on",
                "tx_tcp_segmentation": "on",
                "tx_udp_segmentation": "off [fixed]",
                "tx_udp_tnl_csum_segmentation": "off [fixed]",
                "tx_udp_tnl_segmentation": "off [fixed]",
                "tx_vlan_offload": "off [fixed]",
                "tx_vlan_stag_hw_insert": "off [fixed]",
                "udp_fragmentation_offload": "off",
                "vlan_challenged": "on [fixed]"
            },
            "hw_timestamp_filters": [],
            "ipv4": {
                "address": "127.0.0.1",
                "broadcast": "host",
                "netmask": "255.0.0.0",
                "network": "127.0.0.0"
            },
            "ipv6": [
                {
                    "address": "::1",
                    "prefix": "128",
                    "scope": "host"
                }
            ],
            "mtu": 65536,
            "promisc": false,
            "timestamping": [
                "tx_software",
                "rx_software",
                "software"
            ],
            "type": "loopback"
        },
        "lsb": {},
        "machine": "x86_64",
        "machine_id": "88394775ca9147439ae63aab9c500045",
        "memfree_mb": 386,
        "memory_mb": {
            "nocache": {
                "free": 617,
                "used": 204
            },
            "real": {
                "free": 386,
                "total": 821,
                "used": 435
            },
            "swap": {
                "cached": 0,
                "free": 0,
                "total": 0,
                "used": 0
            }
        },
        "memtotal_mb": 821,
        "module_setup": true,
        "mounts": [
            {
                "block_available": 2222886,
                "block_size": 4096,
                "block_total": 2618619,
                "block_used": 395733,
                "device": "/dev/vda1",
                "fstype": "xfs",
                "inode_available": 5197101,
                "inode_total": 5242304,
                "inode_used": 45203,
                "mount": "/",
                "options": "rw,seclabel,relatime,attr2,inode64,noquota",
                "size_available": 9104941056,
                "size_total": 10725863424,
                "uuid": "884f47c9-a69d-4c5b-915d-6b7c9c74c923"
            }
        ],
        "nodename": "servera.lab.example.com",
        "os_family": "RedHat",
        "pkg_mgr": "dnf",
        "proc_cmdline": {
            "BOOT_IMAGE": "(hd0,msdos1)/boot/vmlinuz-4.18.0-80.el8.x86_64",
            "console": [
                "tty0",
                "ttyS0,115200n8"
            ],
            "crashkernel": "auto",
            "no_timer_check": true,
            "ro": true,
            "root": "UUID=884f47c9-a69d-4c5b-915d-6b7c9c74c923"
        },
        "processor": [
            "0",
            "GenuineIntel",
            "QEMU Virtual CPU version 2.5+"
        ],
        "processor_cores": 1,
        "processor_count": 1,
        "processor_threads_per_core": 1,
        "processor_vcpus": 1,
        "product_name": "KVM",
        "product_serial": "NA",
        "product_uuid": "NA",
        "product_version": "RHEL-7.6.0 PC (Q35 + ICH9, 2009)",
        "python": {
            "executable": "/usr/bin/python3",
            "has_sslcontext": true,
            "type": "cpython",
            "version": {
                "major": 3,
                "micro": 8,
                "minor": 6,
                "releaselevel": "final",
                "serial": 0
            },
            "version_info": [
                3,
                6,
                8,
                "final",
                0
            ]
        },
        "python_version": "3.6.8",
        "real_group_id": 1000,
        "real_user_id": 1000,
        "selinux": {
            "config_mode": "enforcing",
            "mode": "enforcing",
            "policyvers": 31,
            "status": "enabled",
            "type": "targeted"
        },
        "selinux_python_present": true,
        "service_mgr": "systemd",
        "ssh_host_key_ecdsa_public": "AAAAE2VjZHNhLXNoYTItbmlzdHAyNTYAAAAIbmlzdHAyNTYAAABBBMzl8zujH2mt6wy+3tgViAh/kbAOg/o+5bbNMUqiDX+keObXAIODAEb9EoQLfAcR3ZlEKqYCsweGADkw52HmNCc=",
        "ssh_host_key_ed25519_public": "AAAAC3NzaC1lZDI1NTE5AAAAICduOpoEOEGzWCiFyWpwOPPzo729ugmYJ+z+Xd2VYxTl",
        "ssh_host_key_rsa_public": "AAAAB3NzaC1yc2EAAAADAQABAAABAQDLXT54GJfAGvnIbzAW8flDln+3QAgHrlut7VBIwdus6+Fwf/GKFvMz28VpL2mRJO/Don1LDcyojxWgmRjaI8nOYQxE58zxWH/rQ05sjD9rtVd529921E5RJjUaiydjW4FXf1EsCyKbt2mxEPKKA5Neg6WTQmGdljh4TqPtv9bqDbMjUUj+cwFV2OoY2RmqDtrxW6bggeZQMYMFmgYEaQDcGUc1n3+3gHHIZDOTj8ice4z/fKMUl2QKmcU619zy4A2jwHYawrFx7s+OkeKSVT6gfrcI7wk9+I2PqbINXXa/WsLNlFzDkmiD0JbOL9ZrjBW3WmoX4SIc2G2BH97ZFXqD",
        "swapfree_mb": 0,
        "swaptotal_mb": 0,
        "system": "Linux",
        "system_capabilities": [
            ""
        ],
        "system_capabilities_enforced": "True",
        "system_vendor": "Red Hat",
        "uptime_seconds": 3408,
        "user_dir": "/home/student",
        "user_gecos": "Student User",
        "user_gid": 1000,
        "user_id": "student",
        "user_shell": "/bin/bash",
        "user_uid": 1000,
        "userspace_architecture": "x86_64",
        "userspace_bits": "64",
        "virtualization_role": "guest",
        "virtualization_type": "kvm"
    }
}

PLAY RECAP *********************************************************************
servera.lab.example.com    : ok=2    changed=0    unreachable=0    failed=0    skipped=0    rescued=0    ignored=0