【Android知识复习总结】RecyclerView

目录

为什么使用RecyclerView

RecyclerView的基本用法

实现横向滚动布局

实现瀑布流布局

实现点击事件

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为什么使用RecyclerView

RecyclerView等于优化版的ListView，并且可以实现数据的多种滚动布局，在点击事件实现也更加精细化。

RecyclerView的基本用法

1.在项目的build.gradle中添加依赖库，记得Sync Now同步

2.修改activity_main.xml中布局，创建fruit_item.xml

3.定义一个实体类Fruit.java，为适配器的适配类型。

4.添加适配器FruitAdapter.java

5.修改MainActivity.java中代码

RecyclerView的基本用法

1.在项目的build.gradle中添加依赖库，记得Sync Now同步

2.修改activity_main.xml中布局。创建fruit_item.xml，同ListView。

3.定义一个实体类Fruit.java，为适配器的适配类型。同ListView

4.添加适配器FruitAdapter.java

public class FruitAdapter extends RecyclerView.Adapter<FruitAdapter.ViewHolder>{

    private List<Fruit> mFruitList;
	
	//内部类ViewHolder继承自RecyclerView.ViewHolder
    static class ViewHolder extends RecyclerView.ViewHolder {
        ImageView fruitImage;
        TextView fruitName;
		//ViewHolder构造方法中传入view参数，是RecyclerView子项的最外层布局
        public ViewHolder(View view) {
            super(view);
			//通过findViewById()方法获取布局上的实例
            fruitImage = (ImageView) view.findViewById(R.id.fruit_image);
            fruitName = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.fruit_name);
        }
    }
	//把要展示的数据源传进来，并实例化生成mFruitList对象
    public FruitAdapter(List<Fruit> fruitList) {
        mFruitList = fruitList;
    }
	//加载fruit_item布局，创建ViewHolder的实例，将加载出的布局传入到构造函数中
    @Override
    public ViewHolder onCreateViewHolder(ViewGroup parent, int viewType) {
        View view = LayoutInflater.from(parent.getContext()).inflate(R.layout.fruit_item, parent, false);
        ViewHolder holder = new ViewHolder(view);
        return holder//ViewHolder的实例返回
    }
	//对RecyclerView的子项的数据进行赋值，在每个子项滚动到屏幕内的时候执行
    @Override
    public void onBindViewHolder(ViewHolder holder, int position) {
        Fruit fruit = mFruitList.get(position);//通过position得到当前Fruit的实例
        holder.fruitImage.setImageResource(fruit.getImageId());//获取数据并将数据设置到ViewHolder的fruitImage
        holder.fruitName.setText(fruit.getName());
    }
	//获取RecyclerView有多少子项
    @Override
    public int getItemCount() {
        return mFruitList.size();//返回数据长度
    }

}

5.修改MainActivity.java中代码

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    private List<Fruit> fruitList = new ArrayList<Fruit>();

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        initFruits();//初始化水果数据
        RecyclerView recyclerView = (RecyclerView) findViewById(R.id.recycler_view);//获取RecyclerView的实例
		//LayoutManager指定RecyclerView布局方式
		LinearLayoutManager layoutManager = new LinearLayoutManager(this);//创建LinearLayoutManager 对象
        recyclerView.setLayoutManager(layoutManager);//设置到RecyclerView中
        FruitAdapter adapter = new FruitAdapter(fruitList);//创建FruitAdapter实例
        recyclerView.setAdapter(adapter);//适配器设置
    }

 private void initFruits() {
        for (int i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
            Fruit apple = new Fruit("Apple", R.drawable.apple_pic);
            fruitList.add(apple);
            Fruit banana = new Fruit("Banana", R.drawable.banana_pic);
            fruitList.add(banana);
            Fruit orange = new Fruit("Orange", R.drawable.orange_pic);
            fruitList.add(orange);
            Fruit watermelon = new Fruit("Watermelon", R.drawable.watermelon_pic);
            fruitList.add(watermelon);
            Fruit pear = new Fruit("Pear", R.drawable.pear_pic);
            fruitList.add(pear);
            Fruit grape = new Fruit("Grape", R.drawable.grape_pic);
            fruitList.add(grape);
            Fruit pineapple = new Fruit("Pineapple", R.drawable.pineapple_pic);
            fruitList.add(pineapple);
            Fruit strawberry = new Fruit("Strawberry", R.drawable.strawberry_pic);
            fruitList.add(strawberry);
            Fruit cherry = new Fruit("Cherry", R.drawable.cherry_pic);
            fruitList.add(cherry);
            Fruit mango = new Fruit("Mango", R.drawable.mango_pic);
            fruitList.add(mango);
        }
    }

}

实现横向滚动布局

1.修改fruit_item.xml布局

2.修改MainActivity.java中代码

实现瀑布流布局

1.修改fruit_item.xml布局

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:layout_margin="5dp" >

    <ImageView
        android:id="@+id/fruit_image"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_gravity="center_horizontal" />

    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/fruit_name"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_gravity="left"
        android:layout_marginTop="10dp" />

</LinearLayout>

2.修改MainActivity.java中代码

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    private List<Fruit> fruitList = new ArrayList<Fruit>();

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        initFruits();
        RecyclerView recyclerView = (RecyclerView) findViewById(R.id.recycler_view);
        StaggeredGridLayoutManager layoutManager = new
                StaggeredGridLayoutManager(3, StaggeredGridLayoutManager.VERTICAL);
        recyclerView.setLayoutManager(layoutManager);
        FruitAdapter adapter = new FruitAdapter(fruitList);
        recyclerView.setAdapter(adapter);
    }

    private void initFruits() {
        for (int i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
            Fruit apple = new Fruit(getRandomLengthName("Apple"), R.drawable.apple_pic);
            fruitList.add(apple);
            Fruit banana = new Fruit(getRandomLengthName("Banana"), R.drawable.banana_pic);
            fruitList.add(banana);
            Fruit orange = new Fruit(getRandomLengthName("Orange"), R.drawable.orange_pic);
            fruitList.add(orange);
            Fruit watermelon = new Fruit(getRandomLengthName("Watermelon"), R.drawable.watermelon_pic);
            fruitList.add(watermelon);
            Fruit pear = new Fruit(getRandomLengthName("Pear"), R.drawable.pear_pic);
            fruitList.add(pear);
            Fruit grape = new Fruit(getRandomLengthName("Grape"), R.drawable.grape_pic);
            fruitList.add(grape);
            Fruit pineapple = new Fruit(getRandomLengthName("Pineapple"), R.drawable.pineapple_pic);
            fruitList.add(pineapple);
            Fruit strawberry = new Fruit(getRandomLengthName("Strawberry"), R.drawable.strawberry_pic);
            fruitList.add(strawberry);
            Fruit cherry = new Fruit(getRandomLengthName("Cherry"), R.drawable.cherry_pic);
            fruitList.add(cherry);
            Fruit mango = new Fruit(getRandomLengthName("Mango"), R.drawable.mango_pic);
            fruitList.add(mango);
        }
    }

    private String getRandomLengthName(String name) {
        Random random = new Random();
        int length = random.nextInt(20) + 1;
        StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder();
        for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
            builder.append(name);
        }
        return builder.toString();
    }

}

实现点击事件

修改FruitAdapter.java代码

public class FruitAdapter extends RecyclerView.Adapter<FruitAdapter.ViewHolder>{

    private List<Fruit> mFruitList;

    static class ViewHolder extends RecyclerView.ViewHolder {
        View fruitView;
        ImageView fruitImage;
        TextView fruitName;

        public ViewHolder(View view) {
            super(view);
            fruitView = view;
            fruitImage = (ImageView) view.findViewById(R.id.fruit_image);
            fruitName = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.fruit_name);
        }
    }

    public FruitAdapter(List<Fruit> fruitList) {
        mFruitList = fruitList;
    }

    @Override
    public ViewHolder onCreateViewHolder(ViewGroup parent, int viewType) {
        View view = LayoutInflater.from(parent.getContext()).inflate(R.layout.fruit_item, parent, false);
        final ViewHolder holder = new ViewHolder(view);
        holder.fruitView.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                int position = holder.getAdapterPosition();
                Fruit fruit = mFruitList.get(position);
                Toast.makeText(v.getContext(), "you clicked view " + fruit.getName(), Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            }
        });
        holder.fruitImage.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                int position = holder.getAdapterPosition();
                Fruit fruit = mFruitList.get(position);
                Toast.makeText(v.getContext(), "you clicked image " + fruit.getName(), Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            }
        });
        return holder;
    }

    @Override
    public void onBindViewHolder(ViewHolder holder, int position) {
        Fruit fruit = mFruitList.get(position);
        holder.fruitImage.setImageResource(fruit.getImageId());
        holder.fruitName.setText(fruit.getName());
    }

    @Override
    public int getItemCount() {
        return mFruitList.size();
    }

}