SQL查询--聚合、分组

使用的数据库：
https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_44953902/article/details/100169739

一、聚合函数

1.总数

-- count
  -- 查询男性有多少人,女性有多少人
  select count(*) from students where gender=1;

select count(*) as 男性人数 from students where gender=1;

select count(*) as 女性人数 from students where gender=2;

2.最大值

 -- max
  -- 查询最大的年龄
  select max(age) from students; 

 -- 查询女性的最高 身高
  select max(high) from students where gender=2;  

3.最小值

  -- min
   -- 查询最小的年龄
  select min(age) from students; 

4.求和

  -- sum
  --计算所有人的年龄总和
  select sum(age) from students;

5.平均值

  -- avg
  -- 计算平均年龄
  select avg(age) from students;

 --计算平均年龄 sum(age)/count(*)
  select sum(age)/count(*) from students;

6.保留小数（四舍五入）

-- 四舍五入 round(123.23,1)保留一位小数
  select round(sum(age)/count(*),2) from students;

  -- 计算男性的平均身高，保留两位小数
  select round(avg(high),2) from students where gender=2;

二、分组

1.group by

  -- 按照性别分组，查询所有的性别
  select gender from students group by gender;
  -- 失败select * from students group by gender;

-- 计算每种性别中的人数
  select gender,count(*) from students group by gender;

  -- 计算男性的人数
  select gender,count(*) from students where gender=1 group by gender;

2.group_concat(…)

  -- 查询同种性别中的姓名
  select gender,group_concat(name) from students group by gender;

 -- 查询同种性别中的姓名，年龄和身高
  select gender,group_concat(name,age,high) from students group by gender;
  select gender,group_concat(name," ",age," ",high) from students group by gender;

3.having

  -- 查询平均年龄超过30岁的性别,以及姓名 having avg(age)>30
  select gender,group_concat(name),avg(age) from students group by gender having avg(age)>30;

 -- 查询每种性别中的人数多于2个的信息
  select gender,group_concat(name) from students group by gender having count(*)>2;