Python变量未赋值错误之程序优化示例

UnboundLocalError: local variable ‘respon1’ referenced before assignment

V1：

def main(): 

    time1='2024-08-01 08:00:00'  # 开始 08:00:00
    time2='2024-09-01 07:59:59'  # 结束 07:59:00
    
    begintime=str_data_to_num(time1)
    endtime=str_data_to_num(time2)
    ss=get_grafana_login()
    print('登录成功')

    try:
        for pf_num in [1]:   
            dd=get_peaknum(ss,begintime,endtime,pf_num)  # ss为登录后的cookie
            respon=clean_data(dd,pf_num)
            respon1 = respon[respon.alluser !=0] # 过滤空值
#             to_sql(respon,'zbj_peaknum',pf_num)
            print(respon1.time.max())
            print(pf_num,time1,time2,respon1.shape[0])
    except:
        print(pf_num,'取数失败')
    
    return respon1

修改方法1：

在except块中，可以给respon1赋一个默认值，比如None，这样在出现异常时，函数也能有一个明确的返回值，而不会因为找不到respon1的赋值而报错

def main(): 

    time1='2024-08-01 08:00:00'  # 开始 08:00:00
    time2='2024-09-01 07:59:59'  # 结束 07:59:00
    
    begintime=str_data_to_num(time1)
    endtime=str_data_to_num(time2)
    ss=get_grafana_login()
    print('登录成功')

    try:
        for pf_num in [1]:   
            dd=get_peaknum(ss,begintime,endtime,pf_num)  
            respon=clean_data(dd,pf_num)
            respon1 = respon[respon.alluser!=0] # 过滤空值
#             to_sql(respon,'zbj_peaknum',pf_num)
            print(respon1.time.max())
            print(pf_num,time1,time2,respon1.shape[0])
        return respon1
    except:
        print(pf_num,'取数失败')
        return None
    

修改方法2：

将可能出现异常的部分单独封装成一个函数，在这个函数中处理异常并返回合适的值，然后在main函数中调用这个函数来获取结果，这样可以使代码结构更清晰，也更容易处理错误情况。

def get_respon1(ss, begintime, endtime, pf_num):
    try:
        dd = get_peaknum(ss, begintime, endtime, pf_num)
        respon = clean_data(dd, pf_num)
        return respon[respon.alluser!= 0]
    except:
        print(pf_num, '取数失败')
        return None

def main():
    # MINJUN Begin
    time1 = '2024-08-01 08:00:00'  
    time2 = '2024-09-01 07:59:59'  

    begintime = str_data_to_num(time1)
    endtime = str_data_to_num(time2)
    ss = get_grafana_login()
    print('登录成功')

    for pf_num in [1]:  # 1,3,2,4   
        respon1 = get_respon1(ss, begintime, endtime, pf_num)
        if respon1 is not None:
            print(respon1.time.max())
            print(pf_num, time1, time2, respon1.shape[0])
        else:
            print(pf_num, '取数失败，无法获取相关信息。')

    return respon1