策略+工厂模式，初始化项目时读取配置文件中的内容

穿着棉袄晒太阳

已于 2023-02-26 17:36:19 修改

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文章标签： java

于 2022-04-02 13:41:05 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_44981329/article/details/123917981

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项目中有个需求，根据传进来的参数判断，去调用哪个地址。
首先配置文件

xiahui:
  oms:
    interfaceAddress:
      cw: 1
      ck: 2
      dc: 3

最初的想法是在静态代码块中，去读取配置文件，比如这样

@Configuration
public class InterfaceSendConfig {

    public static volatile InterfaceSendConfig interfaceSendConfig;

    public static InterfaceSendConfig getInstance(){
        if (interfaceSendConfig==null) {
            synchronized (InterfaceSendConfig.class){
                if (interfaceSendConfig==null) {
                    interfaceSendConfig = new InterfaceSendConfig();
                }
            }
        }
        return interfaceSendConfig;
    }

    private static Map<String,String> MAP;

    public static String cw;
    public static String ck;
    public static String dc;

    @Value("${xiahui.oms.interfaceAddress.cw}")
    public void setCw(String cw){
        InterfaceSendConfig.cw = cw;
    }

    public static String getCw(){
        return cw;
    }

    @Value("${xiahui.oms.interfaceAddress.ck}")
    public void setCk(String ck){
        InterfaceSendConfig.ck = ck;
    }

    public static String getCk(){
        return ck;
    }

    @Value("${xiahui.oms.interfaceAddress.dc}")
    public void setDc(String dc){
        InterfaceSendConfig.dc = dc;
    }

    public static String getDc(){
        return dc;
    }

    public static String getInterfaceAddress(String source){
        return MAP.get(source);
    }

    static {
        MAP = ImmutableMap.of(
                OmsInterfaceSource.CW.getCode(),getCw(),
                OmsInterfaceSource.CK.getCode(),getCk(),
                OmsInterfaceSource.DC.getCode(),getDc()
        );
    }
}

但是运行的时候，会报这个错误

java.lang.IllegalStateException: Unable to load cache item
	at org.springframework.cglib.core.internal.LoadingCache.createEntry(LoadingCache.java:79)
	at org.springframework.cglib.core.internal.LoadingCache.get(LoadingCache.java:34)
	at org.springframework.cglib.core.AbstractClassGenerator$ClassLoaderData.get(AbstractClassGenerator.java:134)
	at org.springframework.cglib.core.AbstractClassGenerator.create(AbstractClassGenerator.java:319)
	at org.springframework.cglib.proxy.Enhancer.createHelper(Enhancer.java:569)
	at org.springframework.cglib.proxy.Enhancer.createClass(Enhancer.java:416)
	at org.springframework.context.annotation.ConfigurationClassEnhancer.createClass(ConfigurationClassEnhancer.java:137)
	at org.springframework.context.annotation.ConfigurationClassEnhancer.enhance(ConfigurationClassEnhancer.java:109)
	at org.springframework.context.annotation.ConfigurationClassPostProcessor.enhanceConfigurationClasses(ConfigurationClassPostProcessor.java:423)
	at org.springframework.context.annotation.ConfigurationClassPostProcessor.postProcessBeanFactory(ConfigurationClassPostProcessor.java:257)
	at org.springframework.context.support.PostProcessorRegistrationDelegate.invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(PostProcessorRegistrationDelegate.java:286)
	at org.springframework.context.support.PostProcessorRegistrationDelegate.invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(PostProcessorRegistrationDelegate.java:130)
	at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(AbstractApplicationContext.java:706)
	at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:532)
	at org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.context.ServletWebServerApplicationContext.refresh(ServletWebServerApplicationContext.java:141)
	at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.refresh(SpringApplication.java:747)
	at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.refreshContext(SpringApplication.java:397)
	at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:315)
	at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:1226)
	at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:1215)
	at com.xiahui.XiahuiMsInterfaceApp.main(XiahuiMsInterfaceApp.java:19)
Caused by: java.lang.ExceptionInInitializerError: null
	at java.lang.Class.forName0(Native Method)
	at java.lang.Class.forName(Class.java:348)
	at org.springframework.cglib.core.ReflectUtils.defineClass(ReflectUtils.java:571)
	at org.springframework.cglib.core.AbstractClassGenerator.generate(AbstractClassGenerator.java:363)
	at org.springframework.cglib.proxy.Enhancer.generate(Enhancer.java:582)
	at org.springframework.cglib.core.AbstractClassGenerator$ClassLoaderData$3.apply(AbstractClassGenerator.java:110)
	at org.springframework.cglib.core.AbstractClassGenerator$ClassLoaderData$3.apply(AbstractClassGenerator.java:108)
	at org.springframework.cglib.core.internal.LoadingCache$2.call(LoadingCache.java:54)
	at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:266)
	at org.springframework.cglib.core.internal.LoadingCache.createEntry(LoadingCache.java:61)
	... 20 common frames omitted
Caused by: java.lang.NullPointerException: null value in entry: CW=null
	at com.google.common.collect.CollectPreconditions.checkEntryNotNull(CollectPreconditions.java:32)
	at com.google.common.collect.ImmutableMap.entryOf(ImmutableMap.java:176)
	at com.google.common.collect.ImmutableMap.of(ImmutableMap.java:142)
	at com.xiahui.interfacebusiness.interfaceHander.InterfaceSendConfig.<clinit>(InterfaceSendConfig.java:70)
	... 30 common frames omitted

Process finished with exit code 1

大家都知道，静态方法、变量和代码块，是初始化类的时候就会加载，这个时候还没有读到配置文件中的值，但是又在静态代码块中去初始化参数值，所以会报空指针的错误。

后来我想了下，那是不是不在最初的时候去创建map呢。改成了这样

@Configuration
public class InterfaceSendConfig {

    public static volatile InterfaceSendConfig interfaceSendConfig;

    public static InterfaceSendConfig getInstance(){
        if (interfaceSendConfig==null) {
            synchronized (InterfaceSendConfig.class){
                if (interfaceSendConfig==null) {
                    interfaceSendConfig = new InterfaceSendConfig();
                }
            }
        }
        return interfaceSendConfig;
    }

    private static Map<String,String> MAP;

    public static String cw;
    public static String ck;
    public static String dc;

    @Value("${xiahui.oms.interfaceAddress.cw}")
    public void setCw(String cw){
        InterfaceSendConfig.cw = cw;
    }

    public static String getCw(){
        return cw;
    }

    @Value("${xiahui.oms.interfaceAddress.ck}")
    public void setCk(String ck){
        InterfaceSendConfig.ck = ck;
    }

    public static String getCk(){
        return ck;
    }

    @Value("${xiahui.oms.interfaceAddress.dc}")
    public void setDc(String dc){
        InterfaceSendConfig.dc = dc;
    }

    public static String getDc(){
        return dc;
    }

    public String getInterfaceAddress(String source){
        InterfaceSendConfig.getInstance().getMap();
        return MAP.get(source);
    }

    public void getMap(){
        MAP = ImmutableMap.of(
                OmsInterfaceSource.CW.getCode(),getCw(),
                OmsInterfaceSource.CK.getCode(),getCk(),
                OmsInterfaceSource.DC.getCode(),getDc()
        );
    }
}

启动发现，这次没报错了啊，去测试的时候也可以获取到配置文件中的值。但是仔细看看又觉得不对，这样写不是请求接口的时候，都会去初始化一遍map吗，所以这么写也不合适。

突然想到@Bean注解的定义
@Bean：产生一个Bean对象，然后将Bean对象交给Spring管理，被注解的方法是会被AnnotationConfigApplicationContext或者AnnotationConfgWebApplicationContext扫描，用于构建bean定义，从而初始化Spring容器。产生这个对象的方法Spring只会调用一次，之后Spring就会将这个Bean对象放入自己的Ioc容器中。

那是不是说可以在@Bean中，初始化我的Map,说干就干

@Configuration
public class InterfaceSendConfig{

    public static volatile InterfaceSendConfig interfaceSendConfig;

    public static InterfaceSendConfig getInstance(){
        if (interfaceSendConfig==null) {
            synchronized (InterfaceSendConfig.class){
                if (interfaceSendConfig==null) {
                    interfaceSendConfig = new InterfaceSendConfig();
                }
            }
        }
        return interfaceSendConfig;
    }

    private static Map<String,String> MAP;

    @Value("${xiahui.oms.interfaceAddress.cw}")
    public String cw;
    @Value("${xiahui.oms.interfaceAddress.ck}")
    public String ck;
    @Value("${xiahui.oms.interfaceAddress.dc}")
    public String dc;

    @Bean
    public void init(){
  		System.out.println(cw);
        System.out.println(ck);
        System.out.println(dc);
        MAP = ImmutableMap.of(
                OmsInterfaceSource.CW.getCode(),cw,
                OmsInterfaceSource.CK.getCode(),ck,
                OmsInterfaceSource.DC.getCode(),dc
        );
    }

    public String getInterfaceAddress(String source){
        return MAP.get(source);
    }
}

经测试发现，果然在项目加载的时候，就已经读取到了配置文件

在这里插入图片描述

有个延伸点，如果想在@Bean初始化之后，获取值怎么办？可以用实现CommandLineRunner接口

该接口中的Component会在所有Spring的Beans都初始化之后，在SpringApplication的run()之前执行。
多个类需要有顺序的初始化资源时，我们还可以通过类注解@Order(n)进行优先级控制。

在这里插入图片描述

至此结束。

穿着棉袄晒太阳

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策略+工厂模式，初始化项目时读取配置文件中的内容

项目中有个需求，根据传进来的参数判断，去调用哪个地址。首先配置文件xiahui: oms: interfaceAddress: cw: 1 ck: 2 dc: 3最初的想法是在静态代码块中，去读取配置文件，比如这样@Configurationpublic class InterfaceSendConfig { public static volatile InterfaceSendConfig interfaceSendConfig;
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