每日10行代码166：认识pandas中的DataFrame 数据结构3

接上一章
可以直接对列进行赋值，比如赋一个常量：

In [97]: frame2['dept']
Out[97]:
one      NaN
two      NaN
three    NaN
four     NaN
five     NaN
six      NaN
Name: dept, dtype: object

In [98]: frame2['dept']=16.5

In [99]: frame2
Out[99]:
       year   state  pop  dept
one    2000    Ohio  1.5  16.5
two    2001    Ohio  1.7  16.5
three  2002    Ohio  3.6  16.5
four   2001  Nevada  2.4  16.5
five   2002  Nevada  2.9  16.5
six    2003  Nevada  3.2  16.5

也可以给一个列赋值一个数组，但是如果是数组的话 ，长度应该跟DataFrame的行数相等。

In [100]: frame2['dept']=np.arange(6)

In [101]: frame2
Out[101]:
       year   state  pop  dept
one    2000    Ohio  1.5     0
two    2001    Ohio  1.7     1
three  2002    Ohio  3.6     2
four   2001  Nevada  2.4     3
five   2002  Nevada  2.9     4
six    2003  Nevada  3.2     5

也可以把一个Series赋值给一列（当然是可以的，因为列本来就是Series），这种赋值时，会根据索引自动对齐。

In [107]: val=pd.Series([-1.2, -1.5, -1.7,1.9],index=['two','four','five','seven'])

In [108]: frame2['dept']=val

In [109]: frame2
Out[109]:
       year   state  pop  dept
one    2000    Ohio  1.5   NaN
two    2001    Ohio  1.7  -1.2
three  2002    Ohio  3.6   NaN
four   2001  Nevada  2.4  -1.5
five   2002  Nevada  2.9  -1.7
six    2003  Nevada  3.2   NaN

如果被赋值的列不存在，则会生成一个新的列。

In [110]: frame2['eastern'] = frame2.state == 'Ohio'

In [111]: frame2
Out[111]:
       year   state  pop  dept  eastern
one    2000    Ohio  1.5   NaN     True
two    2001    Ohio  1.7  -1.2     True
three  2002    Ohio  3.6   NaN     True
four   2001  Nevada  2.4  -1.5    False
five   2002  Nevada  2.9  -1.7    False
six    2003  Nevada  3.2   NaN    False

如果要删除列，可以用跟字典一样的的方法 del

In [112]: del frame2['eastern']

In [113]: frame2.columns
Out[113]: Index(['year', 'state', 'pop', 'dept'], dtype='object')