alsa命令和配置
常用命令
### 调节音量
#amixer -h
Available options:
-h,--help this help
-c,--card N select the card
-D,--device N select the device, default 'default'
-d,--debug debug mode
-n,--nocheck do not perform range checking
-v,--version print version of this program
-q,--quiet be quiet
-i,--inactive show also inactive controls
-a,--abstract L select abstraction level (none or basic)
-s,--stdin Read and execute commands from stdin sequentially
-R,--raw-volume Use the raw value (default)
-M,--mapped-volume Use the mapped volume
Available commands:
scontrols show all mixer simple controls
scontents show contents of all mixer simple controls (default command)
sset sID P set contents for one mixer simple control
sget sID get contents for one mixer simple control
controls show all controls for given card #列出所有控制项
contents show contents of all controls for given card #列出所有内容
cset cID P set control contents for one control
cget cID get control contents for one control#设置内容
amixer controls #列出所有控制项
numid=4,iface=MIXER,name='ADC ALC Left Volume'
numid=5,iface=MIXER,name='ADC ALC Right Volume'
numid=6,iface=MIXER,name='ADC Digital Left Volume'
numid=7,iface=MIXER,name='ADC Digital Right Volume'
numid=8,iface=MIXER,name='ADC HPF Cut-off'
numid=2,iface=MIXER,name='ADC MIC Left Gain'
numid=22,iface=MIXER,name='ADC MIC Left Switch'
numid=3,iface=MIXER,name='ADC MIC Right Gain'
numid=23,iface=MIXER,name='ADC MIC Right Switch'
numid=20,iface=MIXER,name='ADC MICBIAS Voltage'
numid=21,iface=MIXER,name='ADC Main MICBIAS'
numid=19,iface=MIXER,name='ADC Mode'
numid=1,iface=MIXER,name='I2STDM Digital Loopback Mode'
numid=17,iface=MIXER,name='AGC Left Approximate Sample Rate'
numid=18,iface=MIXER,name='AGC Right Approximate Sample Rate'
numid=11,iface=MIXER,name='ALC AGC Left Max Volume'
numid=13,iface=MIXER,name='ALC AGC Left Min Volume'
numid=15,iface=MIXER,name='ALC AGC Left Switch'
numid=9,iface=MIXER,name='ALC AGC Left Volume'
numid=12,iface=MIXER,name='ALC AGC Right Max Volume'
numid=14,iface=MIXER,name='ALC AGC Right Min Volume'
numid=16,iface=MIXER,name='ALC AGC Right Switch'
numid=10,iface=MIXER,name='ALC AGC Right Volume'
numid=25,iface=MIXER,name='DAC HPMIX Volume'
numid=24,iface=MIXER,name='DAC LINEOUT Volume'
amixer contents #列出所有内容
amixer cset numid=24 30 #设置numid=24的值为30 值的范围可以参考amixer contents上的内容
amixer cset numid=25 2 #设置numid=25的值为2
##################################################################################
### 播放
#aplay -h
-h, --help help
--version print current version
-l, --list-devices list all soundcards and digital audio devices
-L, --list-pcms list device names
-D, --device=NAME select PCM by name
-q, --quiet quiet mode
-t, --file-type TYPE file type (voc, wav, raw or au)
-c, --channels=# channels
-f, --format=FORMAT sample format (case insensitive)
-r, --rate=# sample rate
-d, --duration=# interrupt after # seconds
-s, --samples=# interrupt after # samples per channel
-M, --mmap mmap stream
-N, --nonblock nonblocking mode
-F, --period-time=# distance between interrupts is # microseconds
-B, --buffer-time=# buffer duration is # microseconds
--period-size=# distance between interrupts is # frames
--buffer-size=# buffer duration is # frames
-A, --avail-min=# min available space for wakeup is # microseconds
-R, --start-delay=# delay for automatic PCM start is # microseconds
(relative to buffer size if <= 0)
-T, --stop-delay=# delay for automatic PCM stop is # microseconds from xrun
-v, --verbose show PCM structure and setup (accumulative)
-V, --vumeter=TYPE enable VU meter (TYPE: mono or stereo)
-I, --separate-channels one file for each channel
-i, --interactive allow interactive operation from stdin
-m, --chmap=ch1,ch2,.. Give the channel map to override or follow
--disable-resample disable automatic rate resample
--disable-channels disable automatic channel conversions
--disable-format disable automatic format conversions
--disable-softvol disable software volume control (softvol)
--test-position test ring buffer position
--test-coef=# test coefficient for ring buffer position (default 8)
expression for validation is: coef * (buffer_size / 2)
--test-nowait do not wait for ring buffer - eats whole CPU
--max-file-time=# start another output file when the old file has recorded
for this many seconds
--process-id-file write the process ID here
--use-strftime apply the strftime facility to the output file name
--dump-hw-params dump hw_params of the device
--fatal-errors treat all errors as fatal
Recognized sample formats are: S8 U8 S16_LE S16_BE U16_LE U16_BE S24_LE S24_BE U24_LE U24_BE S32_LE S32_BE U32_LE U32_BE FLOAT_LE FLOAT_BE FLOAT64_LE FLOAT64_BE IEC958_SUBFRAME_LE IEC958_SUBFRAME_BE MU_LAW A_LAW IMA_ADPCM MPEG GSM SPECIAL S24_3LE S24_3BE U24_3LE U24_3BE S20_3LE S20_3BE U20_3LE U20_3BE S18_3LE S18_3BE U18_3LE U18_3BE G723_24 G723_24_1B G723_40 G723_40_1B DSD_U8 DSD_U16_LE DSD_U32_LE DSD_U16_BE DSD_U32_BE #可识别的音频采样格式
Some of these may not be available on selected hardware
The available format shortcuts are:
-f cd (16 bit little endian, 44100, stereo)
-f cdr (16 bit big endian, 44100, stereo)
-f dat (16 bit little endian, 48000, stereo)
aplay -l #列出音频设备
**** List of PLAYBACK Hardware Devices ****
card 0: rvacodec [rv-acodec], device 0: ffae0000.i2s-rv1106-hifi ff480000.acodec-0 [ffae0000.i2s-rv1106-hifi ff480000.acodec-0]
Subdevices: 1/1
Subdevice #0: subdevice #0
aplay test.wav #播放音频
aplay -D default test.wav #默认设备播放
##################################################################################
#保存配置项相关命令
#alsactl -h
global options:
-h,--help this help
-d,--debug debug mode
-v,--version print version of this program
Available state options:
-f,--file # configuration file (default /var/lib/alsa/asound.state) #指定文件
-l,--lock use file locking to serialize concurrent access
-L,--no-lock do not use file locking to serialize concurrent access
-O,--lock-state-file # state lock file path (default /var/lock/asound.state.lock)
-F,--force try to restore the matching controls as much as possible
(default mode)
-g,--ignore ignore 'No soundcards found' error
-P,--pedantic do not restore mismatching controls (old default)
-I,--no-init-fallback
don't initialize even if restore fails
-r,--runstate # save restore and init state to this file (only errors)
default settings is 'no file set'
-R,--remove remove runstate file at first, otherwise append errors
-p,--period # store period in seconds for the daemon command
-e,--pid-file # pathname for the process id (daemon mode)
Available init options:
-E,--env #=# set environment variable for init phase (NAME=VALUE)
-i,--initfile # main configuation file for init phase
(default /home/kingkim180/Project/tool/alsa-utils-1.1.5/output/share/alsa/init/00main)
-b,--background run daemon in background
-s,--syslog use syslog for messages
-n,--nice # set the process priority (see 'man nice')
-c,--sched-idle set the process scheduling policy to idle (SCHED_IDLE)
Available commands:
store <card> save current driver setup for one or each soundcards
to configuration file
restore <card> load current driver setup for one or each soundcards
from configuration file
nrestore <card> like restore, but notify the daemon to rescan soundcards
init <card> initialize driver to a default state
daemon <card> store state periodically for one or each soundcards
rdaemon <card> like daemon but do the state restore at first
kill <cmd> notify daemon to quit, rescan or save_and_quit
monitor <card> monitor control events
alsactl store -f /var/asound.state #将当前配置保存到/var/asound.state目录
alsactl restore -f /var/asound.state #用/var/asound.state 文件恢复配置
alsa 配置文件
可以使用指令export ALSA_CONFIG_PATH=/usr/share/alsa/alsa.conf 指定配置文件目录
配置文件的位置是由Configure阶段的选项来决定的，不过多数时候，Alsa的配置文件位于：/usr/share/alsa目录下，主要配置文件为/usr/share/alsa/alsa.conf 其它文件是否需要，位置在哪，都是由alsa.conf来决定的。
通常会有/usr/share/alsa/card 和/usr/share/alsa/pcm两个子目录，用于设置Card相关的参数，别名以及一些PCM默认设置。
此外，在alsa.conf中，通常还会引用 /etc/asound.conf 和 ~/.asoundrc这两个配置文件，这两个文件通常是放置你个人需要特殊设置的相关参数。
默认的音频配置文件关系如下，部分厂商会有自己的配置文件，可以通过修改配置文件更改相关播放参数。
alsa.conf
-> /etc/asound.conf
-> ~/.asoundrc
-> /cards/aliases.conf
-> /pcm/default #pcm设备默认配置
-> /pcm/dmix.conf #混音配置
-> /pcm/dsnoop.conf #录音多路分发
不足之处，敬请指出，谢谢~
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