springmvc
1. 什么是springmvc?
Spring Web MVC是一种基于Java的实现了MVC设计模式的、请求驱动类型的、轻量级Web框架。
2. springmvc的请求流程
2.1 首先用户发送请求–>DispatherServlet
2.2 DispatcherServlet–>HandlerMapping
2.3 DispatcherServlet–>HandlerAdapter
2.4 HandlerAdapter–>处理器功能处理方法的调用
2.5 ModelAndView的逻辑视图名–>ViewRecolver
2.6 View–>渲染
2.7 返回控制权给DispatcherServlet,由DispatcherServlet返回呼应给用户,流程结束。
3. springmvc的执行流程图
4. 搭建springmvc的环境
1)导入jar包
1.springmvc的jar包
<!-- spring-web -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
<version>5.1.8.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<!-- spring-webmvc -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>5.1.8.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
2.jstl的jar包
<!-- jstl -->
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet.jsp.jstl</groupId>
<artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
<version>1.2</version>
</dependency>
<!-- standard -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.taglibs</groupId>
<artifactId>taglibs-standard-impl</artifactId>
<version>1.2.5</version>
</dependency>
2) 数据库配置database.properties
driver=com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
url=jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/members?serverTimezone=UTC&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8
uname=root
password=root
3)配置文件:springMVC-config.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">
<import resource="spring-config.xml"/>
<!-- 扫描controller,biz层注解-->
<context:component-scan base-package="controller,biz" />
<mvc:annotation-driven />
<mvc:resources mapping="/statics/**" location="/static/" />
<!-- 加访问url的前缀和后缀 -->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<!-- 前缀 -->
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/"/>
<!-- 后缀 -->
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />
</bean>
</beans>
4) web.xml文件
<!DOCTYPE web-app PUBLIC
"-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD Web Application 2.3//EN"
"http://java.sun.com/dtd/web-app_2_3.dtd" >
<web-app>
<display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>
<filter>
<filter-name>HiddenHttpMethodFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.HiddenHttpMethodFilter</filter-class>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>HiddenHttpMethodFilter</filter-name>
<servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name>
</filter-mapping>
<servlet>
<servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:springMVC-config.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>
5.springmvc的常用注解
1.@Controller
用于标记在一个类上,使用它标记的类就是一个SpringMVC Controller对象
@Controller
public class PaperController {
}
2.@RequestMapping
RequestMapping是一个用来处理请求地址映射的注解,可用于类或方法上。用于类上,表示类中的所有响应请求的方法都是以该地址作为父路径
3.@ResponseBody
@ResponseBody 该注解用于将控制器的方法返回的对象,通过适当的HttpMessageConverter转换为指定格式后,写入到响应对象的身体数据区。使用时机:返回的数据不是html标签的页面,而是其他某种格式的数据时(如JSON,XML等)使用
@Controller
@RequestMapping(value="/paper")
public class PaperController {
@RequestMapping(value = "/pap")
@ResponseBody
public String add(Integer id){
Integer res = paperService.deletePaper(id);
return res.toString();
}
}
请求路径为:http://localhost:8080/springMVC_war_exploded/paper/pap
页面可接收res的值
4.@Resource和@Autowired
@Resource和@Autowired @Resource和@Autowired都是做bean的注入时使用,其实@Resource并不是Spring的注解,它的包是javax.annotation.Resource,需要导入,但是Spring支持该注解的注入。
@Controller
@RequestMapping(value="/paper")
public class PaperController {
@Autowired
private UserService userService;
@RequestMapping(value = "/pap")
@ResponseBody
public String add(Integer id){
Integer res = paperService.deletePaper(id);
return res.toString();
}
}
6.springmvc view层和controller层的传值
@RequestMapping(value = "/uu")
@ResponseBody
public ModelAndView update(Integer id){
ModelAndView modelAndView = new ModelAndView();
Paper paper =(Paper) paperService.selectById(id).get(0);
modelAndView.addObject("paper",paper);
List<Code> codeList =codeService.listCode();
modelAndView.addObject("codeList",codeList);
modelAndView.setViewName("update");
return modelAndView;
}
访问路径后,view层可以用paper,codeList的值。