shiro安全框架——初步学习
使用步骤:
导包
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.shiro</groupId>
<artifactId>shiro-spring</artifactId>
<version>1.4.1</version>
</dependency>
配置web.xml
<filter>
<filter-name>shiroFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.DelegatingFilterProxy</filter-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>targetFilterLifecycle</param-name>
<param-value>true</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>shiroFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
创建一个Realm类
package com.qf.shiro.realm;
import com.qf.shiro.bean.TbUser;
import com.qf.shiro.mapper.UserMapper;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.*;
import org.apache.shiro.authz.AuthorizationInfo;
import org.apache.shiro.authz.Permission;
import org.apache.shiro.authz.SimpleAuthorizationInfo;
import org.apache.shiro.realm.AuthorizingRealm;
import org.apache.shiro.subject.PrincipalCollection;
import org.apache.shiro.util.ByteSource;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.List;
/**
* @author smj
* @date 2020/1/13 - 19:13
*/
// Shiro中用来查询数据的类
public class MyRealm extends AuthorizingRealm {
@Autowired
private UserMapper userMapper;
/**
* 授权:角色权限
* @param principalCollection
* @return
*/
@Override
protected AuthorizationInfo doGetAuthorizationInfo(PrincipalCollection principalCollection) {
// 此方法获取到的值取决于下面的方法doGetAuthenticationInfo返回的值
// new SimpleAuthenticationInfo()中的第一个参数
Object primaryPrincipal = principalCollection.getPrimaryPrincipal();
String username = primaryPrincipal.toString();
// 查询此用户的角色有哪些
List<String> roleList = userMapper.queryRoleByName(username);
// 查询此用户的权限有哪些
List<String> permissionList = userMapper.queryPermissionByName(username);
// AuthorizationInfo的具体实现类
SimpleAuthorizationInfo simpleAuthorizationInfo = new SimpleAuthorizationInfo();
simpleAuthorizationInfo.addRoles(roleList);
simpleAuthorizationInfo.addStringPermissions(permissionList);
// 将角色和权限的数据返回(交给SecurityManager来处理)
return simpleAuthorizationInfo;
}
/**
* 认证:登录
* @param authenticationToken :用户传入的用户名和密码
* @return
* @throws AuthenticationException
*/
@Override
protected AuthenticationInfo doGetAuthenticationInfo(AuthenticationToken authenticationToken) throws AuthenticationException {
// UsernamePasswordToken 是AuthenticationToken的子类
UsernamePasswordToken usernamePasswordToken = (UsernamePasswordToken) authenticationToken;
// 获得用户传入的用户名
String username = usernamePasswordToken.getUsername();
TbUser tbUser = userMapper.queryUserInfoByName(username);
// 查出来的user为空 说明没有这个用户名
if (tbUser == null){
throw new UnknownAccountException("username error");
}
// 用来加密的盐
ByteSource byteSource = ByteSource.Util.bytes(tbUser.getUserSalt());
// 返回 从数据库查出的用户的 用户名、密码、用来加密的盐、一个名称
SimpleAuthenticationInfo myRealm = new SimpleAuthenticationInfo(tbUser.getUserName(), tbUser.getUserPassword(), byteSource, "myRealm");
return myRealm;
}
}
在spring.xml中配置shiro(新建了一个spring-shiro.xml,然后在spring.xml中导入)
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
<!--shiro结合spring管理java对象生命周期的一个类-->
<bean id="lifecycleBeanPostProcessor" class="org.apache.shiro.spring.LifecycleBeanPostProcessor"/>
<!--myRealm是用来访问数据库获得用户名和密码的-->
<bean id="myRealm" class="com.qf.shiro.realm.MyRealm">
<!--配置加密方式-->
<property name="credentialsMatcher" ref="hashMatcher"/>
</bean>
<!--配置加密方式-->
<bean id="hashMatcher" class="org.apache.shiro.authc.credential.HashedCredentialsMatcher">
<property name="hashAlgorithmName" value="MD5"/>
</bean>
<!--securityManager是匹配数据的类 DefaultSecurityManager是SecurityManager接口的具体实现类-->
<bean id="securityManager" class="org.apache.shiro.web.mgt.DefaultWebSecurityManager">
<property name="realm" ref="myRealm"/>
</bean>
<!--ShiroFilterFactoryBean是真正处理拦截的类-->
<!--这里的id要和web.xml中的委派过滤器名称一致-->
<bean id="shiroFilter" class="org.apache.shiro.spring.web.ShiroFilterFactoryBean">
<property name="securityManager" ref="securityManager"/>
<!--如果没有登录就跳转到denglu.jsp页面-->
<property name="loginUrl" value="/denglu.jsp"/>
<!--如果没有访问权限就跳转到unAuthorized.jsp页面-->
<property name="unauthorizedUrl" value="/unAuthorized.jsp"/>
<!--配置拦截规则-->
<property name="filterChainDefinitions">
<!--放行denglu.jsp和/shiro/login接口 其他的没有登录就拦截-->
<value>
/denglu.jsp=anon
/shiro/login=anon
/loginSuccess.jsp=anon
/shiro/addUser=authc,roles[超级管理员]
/addUser.jsp=authc,roles[超级管理员]
/**=authc
</value>
</property>
</bean>
</beans>
<!--允许shiro的配置生效-->
<!-- Enable Shiro Annotations for Spring-configured beans. Only run after -->
<!-- the lifecycleBeanProcessor has run: -->
<bean class="org.springframework.aop.framework.autoproxy.DefaultAdvisorAutoProxyCreator" depends-on="lifecycleBeanPostProcessor"/>
<bean class="org.apache.shiro.spring.security.interceptor.AuthorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor">
<property name="securityManager" ref="securityManager"/>
</bean>
controller层传入用户名和密码
package com.qf.shiro.controller;
import org.apache.shiro.SecurityUtils;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.UsernamePasswordToken;
import org.apache.shiro.authz.annotation.Logical;
import org.apache.shiro.authz.annotation.RequiresRoles;
import org.apache.shiro.crypto.hash.Md5Hash;
import org.apache.shiro.subject.Subject;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.util.DigestUtils;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
/**
* @author smj
* @date 2020/1/13 - 19:32
*/
@Controller
@RequestMapping("shiro")
public class ShiroController {
@RequestMapping("login")
public String login(String username,String password){
// 用来搜集用户名和密码交给SecurityManager的工具类
Subject subject = SecurityUtils.getSubject();
try {
// 登录 如果没有出错就是登陆成功
subject.login(new UsernamePasswordToken(username,password));
return "/loginSuccess.jsp";
}catch (Exception e){
e.printStackTrace();
}
return "/loginError.jsp";
}
/**
* @RequiresRoles(value = {"超级管理员","财务总监"},logical = Logical.OR)
* 表示只要拥有“超级管理员”、“财务总监”两个角色中的一个就能访问此接口
**/
/**
* @RequiresRoles({"超级管理员","财务总监"})
* 表示必须同时拥有“超级管理员”和“财务总监”两个角色才能访问此接口
*/
@RequestMapping("addUser")
@RequiresRoles("超级管理员")
public String addUser(){
System.out.println("添加用户");
return "/addUser.jsp";
}
/*给密码加盐*/
@RequestMapping("salt")
public void getSalt(){
Md5Hash md5Hash = new Md5Hash("123456", "smj");
String hex = md5Hash.toHex();
System.out.println(hex);
}
}
spring中的统一异常管理
只需要创建如下类 不需要其他配置
package com.qf.shiro.exception;
import org.apache.shiro.authz.UnauthorizedException;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ControllerAdvice;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ExceptionHandler;
/**
* @author smj
* @date 2020/1/14 - 19:58
*/
//统一异常管理
@ControllerAdvice
public class ExceptionHandlerController {
/**
* 所有出现UnauthorizedException异常的controller接口都执行以下异常处理机制
* @return
*/
@ExceptionHandler(UnauthorizedException.class)
public String exception1(){
return "unAuthorized.jsp";
}
}
shiro的部分页面标签使用
<%@ taglib prefix="shiro" uri="http://shiro.apache.org/tags" %>
<%--
Created by IntelliJ IDEA.
User: Administrator
Date: 2020/1/14
Time: 19:14
To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates.
--%>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<%--如果没有登录就会显示游客模式--%>
<shiro:guest>游客模式</shiro:guest>
<%--如果登录了就会显示欢迎您--%>
<shiro:authenticated>
<h1>登录成功</h1>
<shiro:principal/>,欢迎您回来!
</shiro:authenticated>
<%--如果拥有某权限 就会显示某权限的按钮--%>
<shiro:hasPermission name="增加用户">
<button value="增加用户"/>
</shiro:hasPermission>
<shiro:hasPermission name="删除用户">
<button value="删除用户"/>
</shiro:hasPermission>
<shiro:hasPermission name="修改用户">
<button value="修改用户"/>
</shiro:hasPermission>
<shiro:hasPermission name="增加财务报表">
<button value="增加财务报表"/>
</shiro:hasPermission>
<shiro:hasPermission name="修改财务报表">
<button value="修改财务报表"/>
</shiro:hasPermission>
</body>
</html>
注意
角色权限管理如果使用注解方式:
首先要在spring-shiro.xml中配置让shiro的注解生效
<!--允许shiro的配置生效-->
<!-- Enable Shiro Annotations for Spring-configured beans. Only run after -->
<!-- the lifecycleBeanProcessor has run: -->
<bean class="org.springframework.aop.framework.autoproxy.DefaultAdvisorAutoProxyCreator" depends-on="lifecycleBeanPostProcessor"/>
<bean class="org.apache.shiro.spring.security.interceptor.AuthorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor">
<property name="securityManager" ref="securityManager"/>
</bean>
在要进行权限管理的方法上加如下注解:
@RequiresRoles("超级管理员")
以上注解表示只有"超级管理员"这个角色才可访问这个接口
@RequiresRoles( {"超级管理员","财务总监"})
以上注解表示必须同时拥有“超级管理员”和“财务总监”两个角色的用户才可以访问此接口
@RequiresRoles(value = {"超级管理员","财务总监"},logical = Logical.OR)
以上注解表示只要拥有“超级管理员”、“财务总监”两个角色中的一个就能访问此接口