磁盘阵列raid5

1.准备4块磁盘

[root@localhost ~]# lsblk
NAME            MAJ:MIN RM  SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda               8:0    0   20G  0 disk 
├─sda1            8:1    0    1G  0 part /boot
└─sda2            8:2    0   19G  0 part 
  ├─centos-root 253:0    0   17G  0 lvm  /
  └─centos-swap 253:1    0    2G  0 lvm  [SWAP]
sdb               8:16   0    2G  0 disk 
└─sdb1            8:17   0  400M  0 part /mnt/disk1
sdc               8:32   0    2G  0 disk 
sdd               8:48   0    2G  0 disk 
sde               8:64   0    2G  0 disk 
sdf               8:80   0    2G  0 disk 
sdg               8:96   0    2G  0 disk 

我们用sdc\sdd\sde\sdf做raid5磁盘阵列

2.查找并安装raid工具

[root@localhost ~]# yum provides *bin/mdadm
已加载插件：fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
 * base: mirrors.aliyun.com
 * extras: mirrors.aliyun.com
 * updates: mirrors.aliyun.com
mdadm-4.1-1.el7.x86_64 : The mdadm program controls Linux md devices (software RAID
                       : arrays)
源    ：base
匹配来源：
文件名    ：/usr/sbin/mdadm



[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install mdadm.x86_64 
已加载插件：fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
 * base: mirrors.aliyun.com
 * extras: mirrors.aliyun.com
 * updates: mirrors.aliyun.com
base                                                               | 3.6 kB  00:00:00     
extras                                                             | 2.9 kB  00:00:00     
nginx-stable                                                       | 2.9 kB  00:00:00     
updates                                                            | 2.9 kB  00:00:00     
正在解决依赖关系
--> 正在检查事务
---> 软件包 mdadm.x86_64.0.4.1-1.el7 将被 安装
--> 正在处理依赖关系 libreport-filesystem，它被软件包 mdadm-4.1-1.el7.x86_64 需要
--> 正在检查事务
---> 软件包 libreport-filesystem.x86_64.0.2.1.11-43.el7.centos 将被 安装
--> 解决依赖关系完成

依赖关系解决

==========================================================================================
 Package                     架构          版本                         源           大小
==========================================================================================
正在安装:
 mdadm                       x86_64        4.1-1.el7                    base        435 k
为依赖而安装:
 libreport-filesystem        x86_64        2.1.11-43.el7.centos         base         40 k

事务概要
==========================================================================================
安装  1 软件包 (+1 依赖软件包)

总下载量：475 k
安装大小：1.0 M
Downloading packages:
(1/2): libreport-filesystem-2.1.11-43.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm        |  40 kB  00:00:00     
(2/2): mdadm-4.1-1.el7.x86_64.rpm                                  | 435 kB  00:00:00     
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
总计                                                      1.6 MB/s | 475 kB  00:00:00     
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
  正在安装    : libreport-filesystem-2.1.11-43.el7.centos.x86_64                      1/2 
  正在安装    : mdadm-4.1-1.el7.x86_64                                                2/2 
  验证中      : mdadm-4.1-1.el7.x86_64                                                1/2 
  验证中      : libreport-filesystem-2.1.11-43.el7.centos.x86_64                      2/2 

已安装:
  mdadm.x86_64 0:4.1-1.el7                                                                

作为依赖被安装:
  libreport-filesystem.x86_64 0:2.1.11-43.el7.centos

3.创建raid5磁盘阵列，并查看

[root@localhost ~]# mdadm -C /dev/md0 -l5 -n3 -x1 /dev/sd{c,d,e,f}
mdadm: Defaulting to version 1.2 metadata
mdadm: array /dev/md0 started.

[root@localhost ~]# mdadm -D /dev/md0
/dev/md0:
           Version : 1.2
     Creation Time : Fri Apr 10 08:45:40 2020
        Raid Level : raid5
        Array Size : 4188160 (3.99 GiB 4.29 GB)
     Used Dev Size : 2094080 (2045.00 MiB 2144.34 MB)
      Raid Devices : 3
     Total Devices : 4
       Persistence : Superblock is persistent

       Update Time : Fri Apr 10 08:45:44 2020
             State : clean, degraded, recovering 
    Active Devices : 2
   Working Devices : 4
    Failed Devices : 0
     Spare Devices : 2

            Layout : left-symmetric
        Chunk Size : 512K

Consistency Policy : resync

    Rebuild Status : 42% complete

              Name : localhost.localdomain:0  (local to host localhost.localdomain)
              UUID : 118b7f20:1a49da7e:83552678:5cbe76c6
            Events : 7

    Number   Major   Minor   RaidDevice State
       0       8       32        0      active sync   /dev/sdc
       1       8       48        1      active sync   /dev/sdd
       4       8       64        2      spare rebuilding   /dev/sde

       3       8       80        -      spare   /dev/sdf

4.格式化并挂载到/mnt/

[root@localhost ~]# mkfs.ext4 /dev/md0 
mke2fs 1.42.9 (28-Dec-2013)
文件系统标签=
OS type: Linux
块大小=4096 (log=2)
分块大小=4096 (log=2)
Stride=128 blocks, Stripe width=256 blocks
262144 inodes, 1047040 blocks
52352 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
第一个数据块=0
Maximum filesystem blocks=1073741824
32 block groups
32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group
8192 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks: 
        32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736

Allocating group tables: 完成                            
正在写入inode表: 完成                            
Creating journal (16384 blocks): 完成
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: 完成 

[root@localhost ~]# mkdir /mnt/raid5
[root@localhost ~]# mount /dev/md0 /mnt/raid5/

再次查看磁盘阵列信息：

[root@localhost ~]# mdadm -D /dev/md0
/dev/md0:
           Version : 1.2
     Creation Time : Fri Apr 10 08:45:40 2020
        Raid Level : raid5
        Array Size : 4188160 (3.99 GiB 4.29 GB)
     Used Dev Size : 2094080 (2045.00 MiB 2144.34 MB)
      Raid Devices : 3
     Total Devices : 4
       Persistence : Superblock is persistent

       Update Time : Fri Apr 10 08:59:58 2020
             State : clean 
    Active Devices : 3
   Working Devices : 4
    Failed Devices : 0
     Spare Devices : 1

            Layout : left-symmetric
        Chunk Size : 512K

Consistency Policy : resync

              Name : localhost.localdomain:0  (local to host localhost.localdomain)
              UUID : 118b7f20:1a49da7e:83552678:5cbe76c6
            Events : 18

    Number   Major   Minor   RaidDevice State
       0       8       32        0      active sync   /dev/sdc
       1       8       48        1      active sync   /dev/sdd
       4       8       64        2      active sync   /dev/sde

       3       8       80        -      spare   /dev/sdf

创建成功