[webpack4.0]-webpack超级详细搭建实用前端环境

1、手动新建文件夹lm_webpack，或者在当前目录下进入命令行新建文件夹

mkdir lm_webpack

2、进入命令行，初始化webpack，并本地安装webpack，如果你使用 webpack 4+ 版本，你还需要安装 CLI。

npm init -y
npm install --save-dev webpack
npm install webpack webpack-cli --save-dev

完成以上操作后，文件夹里面的内容有：

3、新建文件夹src，存放资源文件，并在src里面新建入口JS：index.js

4、新建webpack配置文件，公共配置webpack.common.js、开发环境webpack.dev.js、生成环境webpack.prod.js

5、在当前目录下安装需要的资源

npm install html-webpack-plugin -D 自动生成html
npm install clean-webpack-plugin -D 清除目录文件
…
安装后，package.json配置如下，红色框是已安装的资源：

6、各文件配置

package.json

{
  "name": "my_webpack_1",
  "version": "1.0.0",
  "description": "",
  "private": true,
  "scripts": {
    "start": "webpack-dev-server --open --config webpack.dev.js",
    "build": "webpack --config webpack.prod.js"
  },
  "keywords": [],
  "author": "",
  "license": "ISC",
  "devDependencies": {
    "clean-webpack-plugin": "^3.0.0",
    "css-loader": "^3.2.0",
    "express": "^4.17.1",
    "file-loader": "^4.2.0",
    "html-webpack-plugin": "^3.2.0",
    "image-webpack-loader": "^6.0.0",
    "mini-css-extract-plugin": "^0.8.0",
    "optimize-css-assets-webpack-plugin": "^5.0.3",
    "style-loader": "^1.0.0",
    "uglifyjs-webpack-plugin": "^2.2.0",
    "webpack": "^4.41.2",
    "webpack-cli": "^3.3.9",
    "webpack-dev-middleware": "^3.7.2",
    "webpack-dev-server": "^3.8.2",
    "webpack-merge": "^4.2.2",
    "xml-loader": "^1.2.1"
  },
  "dependencies": {
    "lodash": "^4.17.15"
  }
}

webpack.common.js

const MiniCssExtractPlugin = require('mini-css-extract-plugin'); // css分离，要不然打包的时候css全部打包到JS中
const OptimizeCssAssetsPlugin = require("optimize-css-assets-webpack-plugin");
const HtmlWebpackPlugin = require('html-webpack-plugin'); // 自动生成html文件
const { CleanWebpackPlugin } = require("clean-webpack-plugin");

module.exports = {
  entry: {
    app: './src/index.js',
  },
  module: {
    rules: [
      {
        test: /\.css$/,
        use: [MiniCssExtractPlugin.loader, 'css-loader','style-loader'],
      },
      {
        test: /\.(png|svg|jpg|gif)$/,
        use: [
          'file-loader',
          {
            loader: 'image-webpack-loader',
            options: {
              disable: true, // webpack@2.x and newer
            },
          },
        ],
      },
      {
        test: /\.(woff|woff2|eot|ttf|otf)$/,
        use: [
          'file-loader'
        ]
      },
      {
        test: /\.xml$/,
        use: [
          'xml-loader'
        ]
      },
    ]
  },
  plugins: [
    new CleanWebpackPlugin(),
    new HtmlWebpackPlugin({ // 自动生成html，包括引入文件
      title: 'Output Management'
    }),
    new MiniCssExtractPlugin({ // 分离css
      filename: '[name].css',
      chunkFilename: '[name].[hash:7].min.css',
    }),
    new OptimizeCssAssetsPlugin({ // 压缩css
      assetNameRegExp:/\.css$/g,
      cssProcessor:require("cssnano"),
      cssProcessorPluginOptions:{
        preset:['default',{discardComments:{removeAll:true}}]
      },
      canPrint:true
    })
  ],
};

webpack.dev.js

const path = require('path');
const merge = require('webpack-merge');
const common = require('./webpack.common.js');

module.exports = merge(common, {
  mode: 'development', // 开发模式
  devtool: 'inline-source-map',  // 更容易地追踪错误和警告（仅解释说明，不要用于生产环境）
  devServer: { // web服务
    contentBase: path.join(__dirname, "dist"),
    compress: true, // 目录的文件都做 gzip 压缩
    port: 9000
  },
});

webpack.prod.js

const path = require('path');
const merge = require('webpack-merge');
const UglifyJSPlugin = require('uglifyjs-webpack-plugin'); // 删除不引用的代码
const common = require('./webpack.common.js');

module.exports = merge(common, {
  mode: 'production', // 生产模式
  // devtool: 'source-map', // 避免在生产中使用 inline-*** 和 eval-***，因为它们可以增加 bundle 大小，并降低整体性能。
  output: {
    filename: '[name].[hash:7].js',
    path: path.resolve(__dirname, 'dist'),
    publicPath: './', // 输出解析文件的目录，url 相对于 HTML 页面
  },
  plugins: [
    new UglifyJSPlugin({
      sourceMap: true
    }),
  ],
  optimization: {
    moduleIds: 'hashed', // 保持vender的hashed不变
    runtimeChunk: 'single',
    splitChunks: {
      cacheGroups: {
        vendor: { // 第三方库单独打包
          test: /[\\/]node_modules[\\/]/,
          name: 'vendors',
          chunks: 'all',
        },
      },
    },
  },
});

7、项目执行

运行项目：npm run start
打包项目：npm run build