WIFI模块开发教程之W600网络篇5：http client通信

前言

本文研究如何使用RT-Thread-packages中的web_client组件进行http请求访问。

一、理论基础

1.HTTP概要

HTTP是Hypertext Transfer Protocol的缩写，Hypertext(超文本)是可以根据客户端请求而跳转的结构化信息。HTTP协议的请求及相应方式设计如下图所示：

从图中可以看出，服务器端响应客户端请求后立刻断开连接，连接不会维持很久，即使同一个客户端再次发送请求，服务端也无法辨认出是否是原先的那个客户端发出的请求，会以相同的方式处理新的请求。

2.HTTP请求

HTTP请求是客户端向服务端发送请求消息，请求消息可以分为请求行、消息头、消息体三个部分；请求行含有请求方式信息(GET/POST等)，GET用于请求数据，POST主要用于传输数据；消息头包括一些访问的域名、用户代理、Cookie等信息；消息体就是请求的数据，仅在POST方式请求时候输入。

3.HTTP响应

HTTP响应是指服务端根据客户端发送的请求中的动作要求做出具体的动作，然后将结果返回给客户端。 HTTP响应消息可以分为状态行、头信息、消息体三个部分；状态行含有请求的状态信息，这是其与请求消息相比最大的区别。

二、使用实例

1.程序

/*
 * Copyright (c) 2019 Winner Microelectronics Co., Ltd.
 *
 * SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
 *
 * Change Logs:
 * Date           Author       Notes
 * 2019-02-13     tyx          first implementation
 */


#include <rtthread.h>
#include <rtdevice.h>
#include <webclient.h>

#define HTTP_URL_GET   "http://www.rt-thread.com/service/rt-thread.txt"
#define BUFF_RESP_SIZE  1024
#define BUFF_HEADER_SIZE 1024

// #define http_client_REMOTE_ADDR "192.168.1.13"
// #define http_client_REMOTE_PORT 8089

static rt_sem_t wait_sem = NULL;

char *send_data = "hello http_client object!\r\n";

static void wifi_connect_callback(int event, struct rt_wlan_buff *buff, void *parameter)
{
    rt_kprintf("%s\n", __FUNCTION__);
}

static void wifi_disconnect_callback(int event, struct rt_wlan_buff *buff, void *parameter)
{
    rt_kprintf("%s\n", __FUNCTION__);
    if ((buff != RT_NULL) && (buff->len == sizeof(struct rt_wlan_info)))
    {
        rt_kprintf("ssid : %s\r\n", ((struct rt_wlan_info *)buff->data)->ssid.val);
    }
}

static void wifi_connect_fail_callback(int event, struct rt_wlan_buff *buff, void *parameter)
{
    rt_kprintf("%s\n", __FUNCTION__);
    if ((buff != RT_NULL) && (buff->len == sizeof(struct rt_wlan_info)))
    {
        rt_kprintf("ssid : %s\r\n", ((struct rt_wlan_info *)buff->data)->ssid.val);
    }
}

static void wifi_ready_callback(int event, struct rt_wlan_buff *buff, void *parameter)
{
    rt_kprintf("%s\n", __FUNCTION__);
    rt_sem_release(wait_sem);
}


static void http_client_thread_entry(void *args)
{
    int ret = 0;
    int resp_status;
    struct  webclient_ssion *session = RT_NULL;
    int len = 0, bytes_read = 0, pos = 0;
    char buff_recv[BUFF_RESP_SIZE] = { 0x00 };
    
    //创建会话
    session = webclient_session_create(BUFF_HEADER_SIZE);
    if (RT_NULL == session)
    {
        rt_kprintf("No memory for get header!\r\n");
        goto exit;
    }

    // 使用默认头部发送GET请求
    if ((resp_status = webclient_get(session, HTTP_URL_GET)) != 200)
    {
        rt_kprintf("webclient GET request failed, error code is:%d\r\n", resp_status);
        goto exit;
    }

    len = webclient_content_length_get(session);
    if (len < 0)
    {
        while (1)
        {
            bytes_read = webclient_read(session, buff_recv, BUFF_RESP_SIZE);
            if (bytes_read <= 0)
            {
                break;
            }
        }
    }
    else
    {
        while (pos < len)
        {
            bytes_read = webclient_read(session, buff_recv, len - pos > BUFF_RESP_SIZE ? BUFF_RESP_SIZE : len - pos);
            if (bytes_read <= 0)
            {
                break;
            }
            pos += bytes_read;
        }
    }

    rt_kprintf("recv data:%s\r\n", buff_recv);

exit:
    if (NULL != session)
    {
        webclient_close(session);
    }
    rt_kprintf("thread http_client exit!\r\n");
}

int main(void)
{
    rt_err_t ret = RT_EOK;
    char str[] = "hello world!\r\n";

    // 创建一个动态信号量，初始值为0
    wait_sem = rt_sem_create("sem_conn", 0, RT_IPC_FLAG_FIFO);

    /* Start automatic connection */
    rt_wlan_config_autoreconnect(RT_TRUE);

    // register event
    ret = rt_wlan_register_event_handler(RT_WLAN_EVT_STA_CONNECTED, wifi_connect_callback, RT_NULL);
    if (0 != ret)
    {
        rt_kprintf("register event handler error!\r\n");
    }
    ret = rt_wlan_register_event_handler(RT_WLAN_EVT_STA_DISCONNECTED, wifi_disconnect_callback, RT_NULL);
    if (0 != ret)
    {
        rt_kprintf("register event handler error!\r\n");
    }
    ret = rt_wlan_register_event_handler(RT_WLAN_EVT_STA_CONNECTED_FAIL, wifi_connect_fail_callback, RT_NULL);
    if (0 != ret)
    {
        rt_kprintf("register event handler error!\r\n");
    }
    ret = rt_wlan_register_event_handler(RT_WLAN_EVT_READY, wifi_ready_callback, RT_NULL);
    if (0 != ret)
    {
        rt_kprintf("register event handler error!\r\n");
    }

    // connect to router
    rt_wlan_set_mode(RT_WLAN_DEVICE_STA_NAME, RT_WLAN_STATION);
    rt_wlan_connect("HUAWEI-6ZCHWJ", "123456789a");
    rt_kprintf("start to connect ap ...\n");

    // wait until module connect to ap success
    ret = rt_sem_take(wait_sem, RT_WAITING_FOREVER);
    if (0 != ret)
    {
        rt_kprintf("wait_sem error!\r\n");
    }
    rt_kprintf("connect to AP success, and ready OK, can send data\r\n");

    // rt_thread_mdelay(5000);

    //create http_client thread
    rt_thread_t client_thread = rt_thread_create("http", http_client_thread_entry, RT_NULL, 4*1024, 25, 10);
    if (client_thread != NULL)
    {
        rt_thread_startup(client_thread);
    }else
    {
        ret = RT_ERROR;
        rt_kprintf("create tcp client error!!!");
    }

exit:
    rt_sem_delete(wait_sem);
    return ret;
}

2.配置

(1)组件下载

打开ENV控制台，输入menuconfig,依次选择Rthread online packages、IoT-Internet of things —>、WebCient，配置如下：

配置完成后，需要在ENV控制台输入如下命令下载组件

pkgs --update

(2)编译配置

在applications目录下新建一个文件夹：7-http_client，然后同理需要修改aplications/SConscript脚本。

Import('RTT_ROOT')
Import('rtconfig')
from building import *

cwd = GetCurrentDir()
src  = Glob('7-http_client/main.c')
CPPPATH = [cwd]

group = DefineGroup('Applications', src, depend = [''], CPPPATH = CPPPATH)

Return('group')

三、下载运行

在ENV控制台，输入scons命令，在build/Bin目录下生成rtthread_1M.FLS，烧录运行后，调试串口信息如下：

四、结语

1.总结：

本节完，实际操作过程中需要注意的地方有如下几点：

(1) 组件更新引入的问题

使用pkgs --update组件更新后，之前修改的TCP的堆栈大小也发生了变化，需要手动修改下，不然还是会出现类似UDP通信篇出现的hardfault问题

2.资料获取

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