leetcode - 42.Trapping Rain Water

简单解法

从列表左边开始搜索，定义left=0，如果右边的数小于左边，则固定左边向右搜索，直到遇到右边某个数大于左边的数，或大于左边后的一个数，否则left+1

class Solution:
    def trap(self, height):   
        output = 0
        left = 0
        while left<len(height)-1:
            right = left+1
            if height[right]>=height[left]:
                left+=1
                continue
            else: 
                r = right
                s = height[right]
                while right<len(height)-1 and height[right]<height[left]:
                    right +=1
                    if height[right]>s:
                        s = height[right]
                        r = right
                if height[right]< height[left] and r==left+1:
                    left = r
                    continue
                elif height[right]< height[left]:
                    right  = r
                line = min(height[left],height[right])
                for i in range(left+1,right):
                    output +=  line - height[i]
                    left =right           
        return output

遍历算法

构造两个列表，左向列表和右向列表，分别代表从左/右遍历，每个位置之前出现过的最大数，再用相同位置的两个列表的数的最小值，减去当前位置的数，便可以得到当前位置的水的数量。

class Solution:
    def trap(self, height):
        arr, left, right, water = [], 0, 0, 0
        for i in height:
            left = max(left, i)
            arr.append(left)
        arr.reverse()
        for n, i in enumerate(reversed(height)):
            right = max(right, i)
            water += min(arr[n], right) - i
        return water

快速算法

定义left和right分别记录左边和右边两边同时遍历出现过的最大的数，左边遍历时，若右边最大的数大于等于左边，同时遍历位置的数字小于左边，则表示该位置有水，右边同理。

class Solution:
    def trap(self, height):
        left = right = water = 0
        i, j = 0, len(height)-1
        while i <= j:
            left, right = max(left, height[i]), max(right, height[j])
            while i <= j and height[i] <= left <= right:
                water += left - height[i]
                i += 1
            while i <= j and height[j] <= right <= left:
                water += right - height[j]
                j -= 1
        return water