以下是大一上学期刚学C语言时,老师安排的一个作业。
入门级的,没有用到指针,最难的应该用到了结构体数组吧!
还用到了静态的全局变量,以下是其用法:
静态全局变量也具有全局作用域,它与全局变量的区别在于如果程序包含多个文件的话,它作用于定义它的源文件里,不能作用到其它源文件里,即被static关键字修饰过的变量具有文件作用域。这样即使两个不同的源文件都定义了相同名字的静态全局变量,它们也是不同的变量。
用到了#include"string.h"中的字符串函数。
#include"stdio.h"
#include"stdlib.h"
#include"string.h"
#define student_n 100
typedef struct student
{
int score[10];
char name[20];
int num;
int sum;
}STUDENT;
STUDENT stud[student_n];
static int n, c=0;
static double aver;
void welcome();
void menu();
void choicestep(int choice);
void Input();
void Clculate();
void Sortbyscore1();
void Sortbyscore2();
void Sortbynum1();
void Sortbynum2();
int Search(int a);
void Statsis();
void List();
void Modify(int a);
void Delete(int a);
void Add(int a);
int main()
{
int choice;
welcome();
menu();
while (1)
{
printf("请选择你要进行的操作:\n");
scanf("%d", &choice);
if (choice >= 0 && choice <= 13)
choicestep(choice);
else
{
printf("错误输入!\n");
printf("请选择你要进行的操作:\n");
scanf("%d", &choice);
choicestep(choice);
}
}
return 0;
}
void welcome()
{
printf("欢迎登陆学生成绩管理系统!\n");
int i, j;
for (j = 1; j <= 3; j++)
{
for (int k = 3 - j; k > 0; k--)
printf(" ");
for (i = 1; i <= 2 * j - 1; i++)
printf("*");
printf("\n");
}
for (j = 3 - 1; j >= 1; j--)
{
for (int k = 3 - j; k >= 1; k--)
printf(" ");
for (i = 1; i <= 2 * j - 1; i++)
printf("*");
printf("\n");
}
}
void menu()
{
printf("菜单栏:\n");
printf("1:录入学生成绩(只能录入一次,否则会造成数据丢失)\n");
printf("2:计算各科平均分和同学的总分,平均分\n");
printf("3:按照分数降序排列\n");
printf("4:按照分数升序排列\n");
printf("5:按照学号降序排列\n");
printf("6:按照学号升序排列\n");
printf("7:用学号查找学生成绩(使用前建议先执行一遍功能6)\n");
printf("8:分析成绩\n");
printf("9:成绩单\n");
printf("10:修改学生成绩(使用前建议先执行一遍功能6)\n");
printf("11:删除学生信息(使用前建议先执行一遍功能6)\n");
printf("12:增加学生信息\n");
printf("13:显示菜单栏\n");
printf("0:退出\n");
printf("\n");
}
/*选择要进行的操作*/
void choicestep(int choice)
{
int a, pos, b, c, d;
switch (choice)
{
case 0:
exit(0);//结束整个程序的运行
case 1:
Input();
printf("\n");
break;
case 2:
Clculate(); //计算学生的总分和平均分 190行
printf("\n");
break;
case 3:
Sortbyscore1();
printf("\n");
break;
case 4:
Sortbyscore2();
printf("\n");
break;
case 5:
Sortbynum1();
printf("\n");
break;
case 6:
Sortbynum2();
printf("\n");
break;
case 7:
printf("请输入所查学生学号:\n");
scanf("%d", &a);
pos = Search(a);//安全性设计
if (pos != -1)
{
printf("学号为%d的学生\n",a);
printf("其姓名为%s\n", stud[pos].name);
printf("其各科成绩为:");
for (int i = 0; i < c; i++)
printf(" 科目%d:%d", i + 1, stud[pos].score[i]);
printf("\n其平均分为:%lf",(double)(stud[pos].sum)/c);
}
else
printf("没有找到!\n");
printf("\n");
break;
case 8:
Statsis(); //分析学生成绩 327
printf("\n");
break;
case 9:
List();//学生成绩单 318
printf("\n");
break;
case 10:
printf("请输入需要修改的学生学号:\n");// 修改学生成绩 360
scanf("%d", &b);
Modify(b);
printf("\n");
break;
case 11:
printf("请输入需要删除的学生学号:\n"); //删除学生信息 395
scanf("%d", &c);
Delete(c);
printf("\n");
break;
case 12:
printf("请输入需要增加的学生人数:\n"); //增加学生信息; 423
scanf("%d", &d);
Add(d);
printf("\n");
break;
case 13:
menu();
printf("\n");
break;
default:
printf("Input error!\n");
break;
}
}
/*函数功能:录入学生的成绩和学号和姓名*/
void Input()
{
int i, j;
printf("请输入学生人数和课程数:");
scanf("%d%d", &n, &c);
for (i = 0; i < n; i++)
{
printf("\n请输入第%d个学生的学号,姓名:", i + 1);
scanf("%d %s", &stud[i].num, &stud[i].name);
printf("请输入该学生%d门成绩:", c);
for (j = 0; j < c; j++)
scanf("%d", &stud[i].score[j]);
}
for (i = 0; i < n; i++)//把每个学生的总分赋值为0;
stud[i].sum = 0;
for (i = 0; i < n; i++)//计算每个学生的总分
{
for (j = 0; j < c; j++)
stud[i].sum += stud[i].score[j];
}//end of extern for
}
/*计算学生的总分和平均分*/
void Clculate()
{
int i,j,sumc=0;
for (i = 0; i < n; i++)
{
aver = (double)stud[i].sum / c;
printf("%d号 %s同学的总分为:%d 平均分为:%.2lf\n", stud[i].num, stud[i].name, stud[i].sum, aver);
}//end of for
for ( i = 0; i < c; i++)
{
for ( j = 0; j < n; j++)
{
sumc += stud[j].score[i];
}
aver = (double)sumc / n;
printf("第%d门课程的平均分为%.2lf\n", i + 1, aver);
}
}
/*函数功能:学生成绩降序排列*/
void Sortbyscore1()
{
int i, j,k, t1;
char t2[20];
for (i = 0; i < n - 1; i++)
{
for (j = i + 1; j < n; j++)
{
if (stud[i].sum < stud[j].sum)
{
t1 = stud[i].sum;
stud[i].sum = stud[j].sum;
stud[j].sum = t1;
t1 = stud[i].num;
stud[i].num = stud[j].num;
stud[j].num = t1;
for ( k = 0; k < c; k++)
{
t1 = stud[i].score[k];
stud[i].score[k] = stud[j].score[k];
stud[j].score[k] = t1;
}//end of inner for
strcpy(t2, stud[i].name);
strcpy(stud[i].name, stud[j].name);
strcpy(stud[j].name, t2);
}//end of if
}
}//end of extern for
printf("学生成绩降序排列:\n");
printf("学号\t姓名\t");
for (i = 0; i < c; i++)
printf("成绩%d\t", i + 1);
printf("总分\n");
for (i = 0; i < n; i++)
{
printf("%d\t%s\t", stud[i].num, stud[i].name);
for (j = 0; j < c; j++)
printf("%d\t", stud[i].score[j]);
printf("%d\n", stud[i].sum);
}
}
void Sortbyscore2()
{
int i, j, k, t1;
char t2[20];
for (i = 0; i < n - 1; i++)
{
for (j = i + 1; j < n; j++)
{
if (stud[i].sum > stud[j].sum)
{
t1 = stud[i].sum;
stud[i].sum = stud[j].sum;
stud[j].sum = t1;
t1 = stud[i].num;
stud[i].num = stud[j].num;
stud[j].num = t1;
for (k = 0; k < c; k++)
{
t1 = stud[i].score[k];
stud[i].score[k] = stud[j].score[k];
stud[j].score[k] = t1;
}//end of inner for
strcpy(t2, stud[i].name);
strcpy(stud[i].name, stud[j].name);
strcpy(stud[j].name, t2);
}//end of if
}
}//end of extern for
printf("学生成绩升序排列:\n");
printf("学号\t姓名\t");
for (i = 0; i < c; i++)
printf("成绩%d\t", i + 1);
printf("总分\n");
for (i = 0; i < n; i++)
{
printf("%d\t%s\t", stud[i].num, stud[i].name);
for (j = 0; j < c; j++)
printf("%d\t", stud[i].score[j]);
printf("%d\n", stud[i].sum);
}
}
void Sortbynum1()
{
int i, j, k, t1;
char t2[20];
for (i = 0; i < n - 1; i++)
{
for (j = i + 1; j < n; j++)
{
if (stud[i].num < stud[j].num)
{
t1 = stud[i].sum;
stud[i].sum = stud[j].sum;
stud[j].sum = t1;
t1 = stud[i].num;
stud[i].num = stud[j].num;
stud[j].num = t1;
for (k = 0; k < c; k++)
{
t1 = stud[i].score[k];
stud[i].score[k] = stud[j].score[k];
stud[j].score[k] = t1;
}//end of inner for
strcpy(t2, stud[i].name);
strcpy(stud[i].name, stud[j].name);
strcpy(stud[j].name, t2);
}//end of if
}
}
printf("学生学号降序排列:\n");
printf("学号\t姓名\t");
for (i = 0; i < c; i++)
printf("成绩%d\t", i + 1);
printf("总分\n");
for (i = 0; i < n; i++)
{
printf("%d\t%s\t", stud[i].num, stud[i].name);
for (j = 0; j < c; j++)
printf("%d\t", stud[i].score[j]);
printf("%d\n", stud[i].sum);
}
}
void Sortbynum2()
{
int i, j, k, t1;
char t2[20];
for (i = 0; i < n - 1; i++)
{
for (j = i + 1; j < n; j++)
{
if (stud[i].num > stud[j].num)
{
t1 = stud[i].sum;
stud[i].sum = stud[j].sum;
stud[j].sum = t1;
t1 = stud[i].num;
stud[i].num = stud[j].num;
stud[j].num = t1;
for (k = 0; k < c; k++)
{
t1 = stud[i].score[k];
stud[i].score[k] = stud[j].score[k];
stud[j].score[k] = t1;
}//end of inner for
strcpy(t2, stud[i].name);
strcpy(stud[i].name, stud[j].name);
strcpy(stud[j].name, t2);
}//end of if
}
}
printf("学生学号升序排列:\n");
printf("学号\t姓名\t");
for (i = 0; i < c; i++)
printf("成绩%d\t", i + 1);
printf("总分\n");
for (i = 0; i < n; i++)
{
printf("%d\t%s\t", stud[i].num, stud[i].name);
for (j = 0; j < c; j++)
printf("%d\t", stud[i].score[j]);
printf("%d\n", stud[i].sum);
}
}
/*函数功能:折半查找,a为需要查找的学号*/
int Search(int a)
{
int high, low, mid;
high = n - 1; low = 0;
while (high >= low)//程序防御性系统
{
mid = low + (high - low) / 2;
if (a > stud[mid].num)
low = mid + 1;
else if (a > stud[mid].num)
high = mid - 1;
else
return mid;
}
return -1;
}
/*学生成绩单*/
void List()
{
int i, j;
printf("学生成绩单:\n");
printf("学号\t姓名\t");
for (i = 0; i < c; i++)
printf("成绩%d\t", i + 1);
printf("总分\n");
for (i = 0; i < n; i++)
{
printf("%d\t%s\t", stud[i].num, stud[i].name);
for (j = 0; j < c; j++)
printf("%d\t", stud[i].score[j]);
printf("%d\n", stud[i].sum);
}
}
/*分析学生成绩*/
void Statsis()
{
int i, j, maxp = 0, minp = 0;
int n1 = 0, n2 = 0, n3 = 0, n4 = 0, n5 = 0, n6 = 0;
double averc=0, aversum=0;
for (i = 1; i < n; i++)//找最高总分和最低总分
{
if (stud[i].sum>stud[maxp].sum)
maxp = i;
if (stud[i].sum < stud[minp].sum)
minp = i;
printf("最高总分为:%d,其学号为:%d\n最低总分为:%d,其学号为:%d", stud[maxp].sum, stud[maxp].num, stud[minp].sum, stud[minp].num);
}
printf("\n各科的平均分分别为:\n");
for (i = 0; i < c; i++)//打印各科的平均分
{
for (j = 0; j < n; j++)
averc += stud[j].score[i];
printf("科目%d平均分为%.2lf\t", i + 1, averc / c);
}
printf("\n");
for (i = 0; i < n; i++)
{
n1 = 0, n2 = 0, n3 = 0, n4 = 0, n5 = 0, n6 = 0;//初始化
printf("%d号%s同学的成绩等级分别为:", stud[i].num, stud[i].name);
for (j = 0; j < c; j++)
{
switch (stud[i].score[j] / 10)
{
case 10:n1++; printf(" 第%d门为A+", j + 1); break;
case 9:n2++; printf(" 第%d门为A", j + 1); break;
case 8:n3++; printf(" 第%d门为B", j + 1); break;
case 7:n4++; printf(" 第%d门为C", j + 1); break;
case 6:n5++; printf(" 第%d门为D", j + 1); break;
default:n6++; printf(" 第%d门为E", j + 1); break;
}//end of switch
}
printf("\n该同学共获%d个A+,%d个A,%d个B,%d个C,%d个D,%d个E\n", n1, n2, n3, n4, n5, n6);
}//end of extern for
for (i = 0; i < n; i++)
aversum += stud[i].sum;
aversum = aversum / n;
printf("平均总分为%.2lf\n", aversum);
printf("低于平均分的学生为:\n");
for (i = 0; i < n; i++)
{
if (stud[i].sum < aversum)
{
printf("学号:%d\t姓名:%s\t");
for (j = 0; j < c; j++)
printf("科目%d:%d ", j + 1, stud[i].score[j]);
printf("总分:%d\n", stud[i].sum);
}//end of if
}//end of extern for
}
/*修改学生成绩,a为需要修改成绩学生的学号*/
void Modify(int a)
{
int low = 0, high = n - 1, mid;
int find = 0,i,j;
while (find == 0 && low <= high)
{
mid = low+(high-low)/2;
if (a > stud[mid].num)
low = mid + 1;
else if (a < stud[mid].num)
high = mid - 1;
else
find = mid;
}
if (find == 0)
printf("没有找到该数据,修改失败!\n");
else
{
printf("你要修改的学生信息为:\n");
printf("学号:%4d,姓名;%s", stud[find].num, stud[find].name);
for (i = 0; i < c; i++)
printf(",科目%d成绩:%4d", i+1,stud[find].score[i]);
printf(",总分:%4d\n\n", stud[find].sum);
printf("请输入修改后的学生信息(学号,姓名,%d科成绩):\n",c);
scanf("%d %s", &stud[find].num, &stud[find].name);
for (i = 0; i < c; i++)
{
scanf("%d", stud[find].score[i]);
stud[find].sum += stud[find].score[i];
}
printf("修改后的学生成绩单:\n");
printf("学号\t姓名\t");
for (i = 0; i < c; i++)
printf("成绩%d\t", i + 1);
printf("总分\n");
for (i = 0; i < n; i++)
{
printf("%d\t%s\t", stud[i].num, stud[i].name);
for (j = 0; j < c; j++)
printf("%d\t", stud[i].score[j]);
printf("%d\n", stud[i].sum);
}//end of extern for
}//end of else
}
/*删除学生信息,a为需要删除学生的学号*/
void Delete(int a)
{
int high, low, mid;
int i,j,find = 0;
high = n - 1; low = 0;
while (high >= low&& find == 0)
{
mid = low + (high - low) / 2;
if (stud[mid].num > a)
high = mid - 1;
else if (stud[mid].num < a)
low = mid + 1;
else
find = mid;
}//end of whlie
if (find == 0)
printf("没有找到该数据,修改失败!\n");
else
{
for (i = find; i < n - 1; i++)
{
stud[i].num = stud[i+1].num;
strcpy(stud[i].num, stud[i + 1].num);
for ( j = 0; j < c; j++)
stud[i].score[j] = stud[i + 1].score[j];
}
for (i = 0; i < c; i++)
stud[n - 1].score[i] = 0;
stud[n - 1].num = 0; stud[n - 1].sum = 0;
stud[n - 1].name[0] = '\0';
printf("删除后的学生信息为:\n");
printf("学号\t姓名\t");
for (i = 0; i < c; i++)
printf("成绩%d\t", i + 1);
printf("总分\n");
for (i = 0; i < n; i++)
{
printf("%d\t%s\t", stud[i].num, stud[i].name);
for (j = 0; j < c; j++)
printf("%d\t", stud[i].score[j]);
printf("%d\n", stud[i].sum);
}
n = n - 1;
}
}
/*函数功能:增加学生信息,a为增加学生的人数*/
void Add(int a)
{
int i,j;
n = n + a;
printf("需要增加学生信息为:\n");
for (i = n; i < n + a; i++)
{
printf("学号:");
scanf("%d", &stud[i].num);
printf("姓名:");
scanf("%d", &stud[i].name);
printf("%d科成绩:",c);
for ( j = 0; j < c; j++)
scanf("%d", &stud[i].score[j]);
}
printf("增加后的学生信息为:\n");
printf("学号\t姓名\t");
for (i = 0; i < c; i++)
printf("成绩%d\t", i + 1);
printf("总分\n");
for (i = 0; i < n; i++)
{
printf("%d\t%s\t", stud[i].num, stud[i].name);
for (j = 0; j < c; j++)
printf("%d\t", stud[i].score[j]);
printf("%d\n", stud[i].sum);
}
}