模式匹配Match...case...

模式匹配：即if…else…平铺式表达，用match关键字匹配，用case限定模式，case _代表不匹配的情况下返回值
模式守卫：即模式匹配中可以使用if条件限定范围，match{case … if … => …}

match{case 条件1 =>{函数体};case 条件2 =>{函数体};case _ =>{函数体}}

• 例：定义一个计算方法

object Main extends App {
   
    val a:Double = 1
    val b:Double = 2
    def yunsuan(op:Any):Double = op match{
   
        case "+" => a+b
        case "-" => a-b
        case "*" => a*b 
        case "/" => a/b 
        case op:Int if op > 0 && op<=10 => op
        case op:Int if op > 10 || op<0 => -op
        case _ => 0
    }
    println("1：" + yunsuan(1))
    println("-1：" + yunsuan(-1))
    println("乘积：" + yunsuan("*"))
    println("商：" + yunsuan("/"))
}
1：1.0
-1：1.0
乘积：2.0
商：0.5

匹配字符串

object Main extends App {
   
    val a = "a"
    val b = "b"
    def matchtest(op:Any) = op match{
   
        case "+" => a+b
        case "-" => a + "-" + b
        case op:Int if op >= 1 && op<=10 => "true"
        case op:Int