模式匹配:即if…else…平铺式表达,用match关键字匹配,用case限定模式,case _代表不匹配的情况下返回值
模式守卫:即模式匹配中可以使用if条件限定范围,match{case … if … => …}
match{case 条件1 =>{函数体};case 条件2 =>{函数体};case _ =>{函数体}}
- 例:定义一个计算方法
object Main extends App {
val a:Double = 1
val b:Double = 2
def yunsuan(op:Any):Double = op match{
case "+" => a+b
case "-" => a-b
case "*" => a*b
case "/" => a/b
case op:Int if op > 0 && op<=10 => op
case op:Int if op > 10 || op<0 => -op
case _ => 0
}
println("1:" + yunsuan(1))
println("-1:" + yunsuan(-1))
println("乘积:" + yunsuan("*"))
println("商:" + yunsuan("/"))
}
1:1.0
-1:1.0
乘积:2.0
商:0.5
匹配字符串
object Main extends App {
val a = "a"
val b = "b"
def matchtest(op:Any) = op match{
case "+" => a+b
case "-" => a + "-" + b
case op:Int if op >= 1 && op<=10 => "true"
case op:Int