一、Harbor简介
-
-
虽然Docker官方提供了公共的镜像仓库,但是从安全和效率等方面考虑,部署我们私有环境内的Registry也是非常必要的。
-
Harbor是由VMware公司开源的企业级的Docker Registry管理项目,相比docker官方拥有更丰富的权限权利和完善的架构设计,适用大规模docker集群部署提供仓库服务。
-
它主要提供 Dcoker Registry 管理界面UI,可基于角色访问控制,镜像复制, AD/LDAP 集成,日志审核等功能,完全的支持中文。
-
二、Harbor 的主要功能
- 基于角色的访问控制
用户与Docker镜像仓库通过“项目”进行组织管理,一个用户可以对多个镜像仓库在同一命名空间(project)里有不同的权限。
- 基于镜像的复制策略
镜像可以在多个Registry实例中复制(可以将仓库中的镜像同步到远程的Harbor,类似于MySQL主从同步功能),尤其适合于负载均衡,高可用,混合云和多云的场景。
- 图形化用户界面
用户可以通过浏览器来浏览,检索当前Docker镜像仓库,管理项目和命名空间。
- 支持 AD/LDAP
Harbor可以集成企业内部已有的AD/LDAP,用于鉴权认证管理。
- 镜像删除和垃圾回收
Harbor支持在Web删除镜像,回收无用的镜像,释放磁盘空间。image可以被删除并且回收image占用的空间。
- 审计管理
所有针对镜像仓库的操作都可以被记录追溯,用于审计管理。
- RESTful API
RESTful API 提供给管理员对于Harbor更多的操控, 使得与其它管理软件集成变得更容易。
- 部署简单
提供在线和离线两种安装工具, 也可以安装到vSphere平台(OVA方式)虚拟设备。
Harbor 的所有组件都在 Docker 中部署,所以 Harbor 可使用 Docker Compose 快速部署。
注意: 由于 Harbor 是基于 Docker Registry V2 版本,所以 docker 版本必须 > = 1.10.0 docker-compose >= 1.6.0
三、Harbor 架构组件
架构组件图:
1、Proxy:反向代理工具
2、Registry:负责存储docker镜像,处理上传/下载命令。对用户进行访问控制,它指向一个token服务,强制用户的每次docker pull/push请求都要携带一个合法的token,registry会通过公钥对token进行解密验证。
3、Core service:Harbor的核心功能:
- UI:图形界面
- Webhook:及时获取registry上image状态变化情况,在registry上配置 webhook,把状态变化传递给UI模块。
- Token服务:复杂根据用户权限给每个docker push/p/ull命令签发token。Docker客户端向registry服务发起的请求,如果不包含token,会被重定向到这里,获得token后再重新向registry进行请求。
4、Database:提供数据库服务,存储用户权限,审计日志,docker image分组信息等数据
5、Log collector:为了帮助监控harbor运行,复责收集其他组件的log,供日后进行分析
部署harbor
- 安装harbor
[root@server ~]# tar zxf harbor-offline-installer-v1.2.2.tgz -C /usr/local/ [root@server ~]# chmod +x docker-compose [root@server ~]# cp docker-compose /usr/local/bin/
- 配置harbor参数并查看容器
5 hostname = 192.168.1.101 56 ##The initial password of Harbor admin, only works for the first time when Harbor starts. 57 #It has no effect after the first launch of Harbor. 58 #Change the admin password from UI after launching Harbor. 59 harbor_admin_password = Harbor12345 //定义了admin的密码 [root@server harbor]# docker ps -a //发现多了几个容器 CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES e7b1102deb62 vmware/nginx-photon:1.11.13 "nginx -g 'daemon of…" 3 minutes ago Up 3 minutes 0.0.0.0:80->80/tcp, :::80->80/tcp, 0.0.0.0:443->443/tcp, :::443->443/tcp, 0.0.0.0:4443->4443/tcp, :::4443->4443/tcp nginx d0230fb3c0a8 vmware/harbor-jobservice:v1.2.2 "/harbor/harbor_jobs…" 3 minutes ago Up 3 minutes harbor-jobservice 800c9b6f3a80 vmware/harbor-ui:v1.2.2 "/harbor/harbor_ui" 3 minutes ago Up 3 minutes harbor-ui 13a3120c01d1 vmware/harbor-db:v1.2.2 "docker-entrypoint.s…" 3 minutes ago Up 3 minutes 3306/tcp harbor-db d1bf45eda762 vmware/harbor-adminserver:v1.2.2 "/harbor/harbor_admi…" 3 minutes ago Up 3 minutes harbor-adminserver ee0e3861fae3 vmware/registry:2.6.2-photon "/entrypoint.sh serv…" 3 minutes ago Up 3 minutes 5000/tcp registry cbb9935e86b1 vmware/harbor-log:v1.2.2 "/bin/sh -c 'crond &…" 3 minutes ago Up 3 minutes 127.0.0.1:1514->514/tcp harbor-log 358d4ade35b1 centos:stress "/bin/bash" 3 hours ago Exited (0) 3 hours ago eager_keller 2a3bf404a512 centos:stress "/bin/bash" 3 hours ago Exited (0) 3 hours ago mystifying_lovelace [root@server harbor]# docker-compose ps Name Command State Ports ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ harbor-adminserver /harbor/harbor_adminserver Up harbor-db docker-entrypoint.sh mysqld Up 3306/tcp harbor-jobservice /harbor/harbor_jobservice Up harbor-log /bin/sh -c crond && rm -f ... Up 127.0.0.1:1514->514/tcp harbor-ui /harbor/harbor_ui Up nginx nginx -g daemon off; Up 0.0.0.0:443->443/tcp,:::443->443/tcp, 0.0.0.0:4443->4443/tcp,:::4443->4443/tcp, 0.0.0.0:80->80/tcp,:::80->80/tcp registry /entrypoint.sh serve /etc/ ... Up 5000/tcp
harbor中的七个容器
用web端登入到harbor
[root@server docker]# docker tag cirros:latest 127.0.0.1/myproject/cirros:v1
[root@server docker]# docker login -u admin -p Harbor12345 http://127.0.0.1
WARNING! Using --password via the CLI is insecure. Use --password-stdin.
WARNING! Your password will be stored unencrypted in /root/.docker/config.json.
Configure a credential helper to remove this warning. See
https://docs.docker.com/engine/reference/commandline/login/#credentials-store
Login Succeeded
[root@server docker]# docker push 127.0.0.1/myproject/cirros:v1
The push refers to repository [127.0.0.1/myproject/cirros]
984ad441ec3d: Pushed
f0a496d92efa: Pushed
e52d19c3bee2: Pushed
v1: digest: sha256:483f15ac97d03dc3d4dcf79cf71ded2e099cf76c340f3fdd0b3670a40a198a22 size: 943
查看日志
[root@server docker]# vim daemon.json
{
"insecure-registries": ["192.168.1.101:5000"], //删除这一行
"registry-mirrors": ["https://cn90fxk6.mirror.aliyuncs.com"]
}
[root@server system]# cd /usr/lib/systemd/system
[root@server system]# vim docker.service
# for containers run by docker
ExecStart=/usr/bin/dockerd -H fd:// --insecure-registry 192.168.1.101 --containerd=/run/containerd/containerd.sock //加上--insecure-registry 192.168.1.101
[root@server system]# docker login -u admin -p Harbor12345 http://192.168.1.101 //成功登入
WARNING! Using --password via the CLI is insecure. Use --password-stdin.
WARNING! Your password will be stored unencrypted in /root/.docker/config.json.
Configure a credential helper to remove this warning. See
https://docs.docker.com/engine/reference/commandline/login/#credentials-store
Login Succeeded
[root@server system]# docker tag nginx:v4 192.168.1.101/myproject/nginx:c1
[root@server system]# docker push 192.168.1.101/myproject/nginx:c1
The push refers to repository [192.168.1.101/myproject/nginx]
04f0c5f56b6b: Pushed
174f56854903: Pushed
c1: digest: sha256:68c8b78dbf84ab2713cffda3a423e03e9202faa830af8ebbeca6e0f8c9eda065 size: 739
[root@server system]# docker rmi 192.168.1.101/myproject/nginx:c1
Untagged: 192.168.1.101/myproject/nginx:c1
Untagged: 192.168.1.101/myproject/nginx@sha256:68c8b78dbf84ab2713cffda3a423e03e9202faa830af8ebbeca6e0f8c9eda065
[root@server system]# docker pull 192.168.1.101/myproject/nginx:c1
c1: Pulling from myproject/nginx
Digest: sha256:68c8b78dbf84ab2713cffda3a423e03e9202faa830af8ebbeca6e0f8c9eda065
Status: Downloaded newer image for 192.168.1.101/myproject/nginx:c1
192.168.1.101/myproject/nginx:c1
[root@server system]# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
compose_nginx_nginx latest 92bee763c9dd 3 hours ago 310MB
centos stress 9fc6d16d05f3 5 hours ago 520MB
192.168.1.101/myproject/nginx c1 64868a58d31b 4 days ago 205MB