线上灰度设计

公司需要快速迭代开发上线，又要保证质量，保证刚上线的系统，一旦出现问题可以很快控制影响面，就需要设计一套灰度发布系统。

灰度发布系统的作用，可以根据配置，将用户的流量导到新上线的系统上，来快速验证新的功能，而一旦出现问题，也可以马上的修复，简单的说，就是一套A/B Test系统。

灰度发布允许带着bug上线，只要bug不是致命的，当然这个bug是不知道的情况下，如果知道就要很快的改掉

灰度发布实质是让指定用户访问指定版本的服务。
所以首先需要指定用户匹配到指定的路由规则。
其次，服务的版本号信息可以通过HTTP请求头字段来指定。
最后，负载均衡算法需要能够根据版本号信息来做服务实例的选择。

灰度的策略
灰度必须要有灰度策略，灰度策略常见的方式有以下几种

1、基于Request Header进行流量切分

2、基于Cookie进行流量切分

3、基于请求参数进行流量切分

方案：couldgateway+nacos
实施：
1.编写带权重的灰度路由
2.编写自定义filter
3.nacos服务配置需要灰度发布的服务的元数据信息以及权重灰度路由从nacos服务拉取元数据信息以及权重，然后根据权重算法，返回符合要求的服务实例给自定义的filter
​4.网关配置文件配置需要灰度路由的服务（因为本文代码没有网关实现动态路由，不然灰度路由可以配置在配置中心，从配置中心拉取）​
5.filter通过责任链模式，把服务实例透传给其他filter比如NettyRoutingFilter
权重路由

 public class GrayLoadBalancer implements ReactorServiceInstanceLoadBalancer {
    private static final Log log = LogFactory.getLog(GrayLoadBalancer.class);
    private ObjectProvider<ServiceInstanceListSupplier> serviceInstanceListSupplierProvider;
    private  String serviceId;




    public GrayLoadBalancer(ObjectProvider<ServiceInstanceListSupplier> serviceInstanceListSupplierProvider, String serviceId) {
        this.serviceId = serviceId;
        this.serviceInstanceListSupplierProvider = serviceInstanceListSupplierProvider;
    }


    @Override
    public Mono<Response<ServiceInstance>> choose(Request request) {
        HttpHeaders headers = (HttpHeaders) request.getContext();
        if (this.serviceInstanceListSupplierProvider != null) {
            ServiceInstanceListSupplier supplier = (ServiceInstanceListSupplier)this.serviceInstanceListSupplierProvider.getIfAvailable(NoopServiceInstanceListSupplier::new);
            return ((Flux)supplier.get()).next().map(list->getInstanceResponse((List<ServiceInstance>)list,headers));
        }

        return null;


    }



    private Response<ServiceInstance> getInstanceResponse(List<ServiceInstance> instances,HttpHeaders headers) {
        if (instances.isEmpty()) {
            return getServiceInstanceEmptyResponse();
        } else {
            return getServiceInstanceResponseWithWeight(instances);
        }
    }

    /**
     * 根据版本进行分发
     * @param instances
     * @param headers
     * @return
     */
    private Response<ServiceInstance> getServiceInstanceResponseByVersion(List<ServiceInstance> instances, HttpHeaders headers) {
        String versionNo = headers.getFirst("version");
        System.out.println(versionNo);
        Map<String,String> versionMap = new HashMap<>();
        versionMap.put("version",versionNo);
        final Set<Map.Entry<String,String>> attributes =
                Collections.unmodifiableSet(versionMap.entrySet());
        ServiceInstance serviceInstance = null;
        for (ServiceInstance instance : instances) {
            Map<String,String> metadata = instance.getMetadata();
            if(metadata.entrySet().containsAll(attributes)){
                serviceInstance = instance;
                break;
            }
        }

        if(ObjectUtils.isEmpty(serviceInstance)){
            return getServiceInstanceEmptyResponse();
        }
        return new DefaultResponse(serviceInstance);
    }

    /**
     *
     * 根据在nacos中配置的权重值，进行分发
     * @param instances
     *
     * @return
     */
    private Response<ServiceInstance> getServiceInstanceResponseWithWeight(List<ServiceInstance> instances) {
        Map<ServiceInstance,Integer> weightMap = new HashMap<>();
        for (ServiceInstance instance : instances) {
            Map<String,String> metadata = instance.getMetadata();
            System.out.println(metadata.get("version")+"-->weight:"+metadata.get("weight"));
            if(metadata.containsKey("weight")){
                weightMap.put(instance,Integer.valueOf(metadata.get("weight")));
            }
        }
        WeightMeta<ServiceInstance> weightMeta = WeightRandomUtils.buildWeightMeta(weightMap);
        if(ObjectUtils.isEmpty(weightMeta)){
            return getServiceInstanceEmptyResponse();
        }
        ServiceInstance serviceInstance = weightMeta.random();
        if(ObjectUtils.isEmpty(serviceInstance)){
            return getServiceInstanceEmptyResponse();
        }
        System.out.println(serviceInstance.getMetadata().get("version"));
        return new DefaultResponse(serviceInstance);
    }

    private Response<ServiceInstance> getServiceInstanceEmptyResponse() {
        log.warn("No servers available for service: " + this.serviceId);
        return new EmptyResponse();
    }

filter

public class GrayReactiveLoadBalancerClientFilter implements GlobalFilter, Ordered {

    private static final Log log = LogFactory.getLog(ReactiveLoadBalancerClientFilter.class);
    private static final int LOAD_BALANCER_CLIENT_FILTER_ORDER = 10150;
    private final LoadBalancerClientFactory clientFactory;
    private LoadBalancerProperties properties;

    public GrayReactiveLoadBalancerClientFilter(LoadBalancerClientFactory clientFactory, LoadBalancerProperties properties) {
        this.clientFactory = clientFactory;
        this.properties = properties;
    }

    @Override
    public int getOrder() {
        return LOAD_BALANCER_CLIENT_FILTER_ORDER;
    }

    @Override
    public Mono<Void> filter(ServerWebExchange exchange, GatewayFilterChain chain) {
        URI url = (URI)exchange.getAttribute(ServerWebExchangeUtils.GATEWAY_REQUEST_URL_ATTR);
        String schemePrefix = (String)exchange.getAttribute(ServerWebExchangeUtils.GATEWAY_SCHEME_PREFIX_ATTR);
        if (url != null && ("grayLb".equals(url.getScheme()) || "grayLb".equals(schemePrefix))) {
            ServerWebExchangeUtils.addOriginalRequestUrl(exchange, url);
            if (log.isTraceEnabled()) {
                log.trace(ReactiveLoadBalancerClientFilter.class.getSimpleName() + " url before: " + url);
            }

            return this.choose(exchange).doOnNext((response) -> {
                if (!response.hasServer()) {
                    throw NotFoundException.create(this.properties.isUse404(), "Unable to find instance for " + url.getHost());
                } else {
                    URI uri = exchange.getRequest().getURI();
                    String overrideScheme = null;
                    if (schemePrefix != null) {
                        overrideScheme = url.getScheme();
                    }

                    DelegatingServiceInstance serviceInstance = new DelegatingServiceInstance((ServiceInstance)response.getServer(), overrideScheme);
                    URI requestUrl = this.reconstructURI(serviceInstance, uri);
                    if (log.isTraceEnabled()) {
                        log.trace("LoadBalancerClientFilter url chosen: " + requestUrl);
                    }

                    exchange.getAttributes().put(ServerWebExchangeUtils.GATEWAY_REQUEST_URL_ATTR, requestUrl);
                }
            }).then(chain.filter(exchange));
        } else {
            return chain.filter(exchange);
        }
    }

    protected URI reconstructURI(ServiceInstance serviceInstance, URI original) {
        return LoadBalancerUriTools.reconstructURI(serviceInstance, original);
    }

    private Mono<Response<ServiceInstance>> choose(ServerWebExchange exchange) {
        URI uri = (URI)exchange.getAttribute(ServerWebExchangeUtils.GATEWAY_REQUEST_URL_ATTR);
        GrayLoadBalancer loadBalancer = new GrayLoadBalancer(clientFactory.getLazyProvider(uri.getHost(), ServiceInstanceListSupplier.class), uri.getHost());
        if (loadBalancer == null) {
            throw new NotFoundException("No loadbalancer available for " + uri.getHost());
        } else {
            return loadBalancer.choose(this.createRequest(exchange));
        }
    }

    private Request createRequest(ServerWebExchange exchange) {
        HttpHeaders headers = exchange.getRequest().getHeaders();
        Request<HttpHeaders> request = new DefaultRequest<>(headers);
        return request;
    }
}

交给spring管理：

@Configuration
public class GrayGatewayReactiveLoadBalancerClientAutoConfiguration {
    public GrayGatewayReactiveLoadBalancerClientAutoConfiguration() {
    }



    @Bean
    @ConditionalOnMissingBean({GrayReactiveLoadBalancerClientFilter.class})
    public GrayReactiveLoadBalancerClientFilter grayReactiveLoadBalancerClientFilter(LoadBalancerClientFactory clientFactory, LoadBalancerProperties properties) {
        return new GrayReactiveLoadBalancerClientFilter(clientFactory, properties);
    }




}

```java
server:
  port: 9082
# 配置输出日志
logging:
  level:
    org.springframework.cloud.gateway: TRACE
    org.springframework.http.server.reactive: DEBUG
    org.springframework.web.reactive: DEBUG
    reactor.ipc.netty: DEBUG

#开启端点
management:
  endpoints:
    web:
      exposure:
        include: '*'
spring:
  application:
    name: gateway-reactor-gray
  cloud:
     nacos:
       discovery:
        server-addr: localhost:8848
     gateway:
       discovery:
         locator:
           enabled: true
           lower-case-service-id: true
       routes:
         - id: hello-consumer
           uri: grayLb://hello-consumer
           predicates:
              - Path=/hello/**

其中grayLb与filter中代码(“grayLb”.equals(url.getScheme()) || “grayLb”.equals(schemePrefix))搭配

在nacos配置原数据中定义 weight代表权重，version代表版本​

请求进来以后即可通过拦截加配置打到灰度环境