Java利用POI 批量导入excel表格到数据库

Java利用POI 批量导入excel表格到数据库(前端vue、elementui、axios,后端ssm)

P0IO介绍

Apache POI是用Java编写的免费开源的跨平台的Java API，Apache POI提供API给Java程序对Microsoft Office格式档案读和写的功能，其中使用最多的就是使用POI操作Excel文件。

使用

1、导入maven jar包

    <dependency> 
        <groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId> 
        <artifactId>poi</artifactId> 
        <version>3.14</version>
    </dependency> 
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId> 
        <artifactId>poi-ooxml</artifactId> 
        <version>3.14</version> 
    </dependency>

2、前端代码–>点击上传文件将数据导出到excel

<el-upload action="/ordersetting/upload.do"
name="excelFile"                                    
:show-file-list="false"                     
:on-success="handleSuccess"                     
:before-upload="beforeUpload">                                
<el-button type="primary">上传文件</el-button>                  
</el-upload>

<!--上传之前,校验文件数据格式是否为excel文件-->
beforeUpload(file){
    const isXLS = file.type === 'application/vnd.ms-excel';
    if(isXLS){
        return true;
    }
    const isXLSX = file.tyle === 'application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet';
    if(isXLSX){
        return true;
    }
    this.$message.error("文件格式只能为excel格式");
}

<!--成功-->
handleSuccess(response,file){
    if(response.flag){
        this.$message({
            message: response.data.message,
            type:'success'
        });
    }else{
        this.$message.error(response.data.message);
    }
}

3、后端代码

01 导入POIUtils

package com.ambition.utils;

import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFWorkbook;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Cell;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Row;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Sheet;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Workbook;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFWorkbook;
import org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartFile;

public class POIUtils {
    private final static String xls = "xls";
    private final static String xlsx = "xlsx";
    private final static String DATE_FORMAT = "yyyy/MM/dd";
    /**
     * 读入excel文件，解析后返回
     * @param file
     * @throws IOException
     */
    public static List<String[]> readExcel(MultipartFile file) throws IOException {
        //检查文件
        checkFile(file);
        //获得Workbook工作薄对象
        Workbook workbook = getWorkBook(file);
        //创建返回对象，把每行中的值作为一个数组，所有行作为一个集合返回
        List<String[]> list = new ArrayList<String[]>();
        if(workbook != null){
            for(int sheetNum = 0;sheetNum < workbook.getNumberOfSheets();sheetNum++){
                //获得当前sheet工作表
                Sheet sheet = workbook.getSheetAt(sheetNum);
                if(sheet == null){
                    continue;
                }
                //获得当前sheet的开始行
                int firstRowNum  = sheet.getFirstRowNum();
                //获得当前sheet的结束行
                int lastRowNum = sheet.getLastRowNum();
                //循环除了第一行的所有行
                for(int rowNum = firstRowNum+1;rowNum <= lastRowNum;rowNum++){
                    //获得当前行
                    Row row = sheet.getRow(rowNum);
                    if(row == null){
                        continue;
                    }
                    //获得当前行的开始列
                    int firstCellNum = row.getFirstCellNum();
                    //获得当前行的列数
                    int lastCellNum = row.getPhysicalNumberOfCells();
                    String[] cells = new String[row.getPhysicalNumberOfCells()];
                    //循环当前行
                    for(int cellNum = firstCellNum; cellNum < lastCellNum;cellNum++){
                        Cell cell = row.getCell(cellNum);
                        cells[cellNum] = getCellValue(cell);
                    }
                    list.add(cells);
                }
            }
            workbook.close();
        }
        return list;
    }

    //校验文件是否合法
    public static void checkFile(MultipartFile file) throws IOException{
        //判断文件是否存在
        if(null == file){
            throw new FileNotFoundException("文件不存在！");
        }
        //获得文件名
        String fileName = file.getOriginalFilename();
        //判断文件是否是excel文件
        if(!fileName.endsWith(xls) && !fileName.endsWith(xlsx)){
            throw new IOException(fileName + "不是excel文件");
        }
    }
    public static Workbook getWorkBook(MultipartFile file) {
        //获得文件名
        String fileName = file.getOriginalFilename();
        //创建Workbook工作薄对象，表示整个excel
        Workbook workbook = null;
        try {
            //获取excel文件的io流
            InputStream is = file.getInputStream();
            //根据文件后缀名不同(xls和xlsx)获得不同的Workbook实现类对象
            if(fileName.endsWith(xls)){
                //2003
                workbook = new HSSFWorkbook(is);
            }else if(fileName.endsWith(xlsx)){
                //2007
                workbook = new XSSFWorkbook(is);
            }
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return workbook;
    }
    public static String getCellValue(Cell cell){
        String cellValue = "";
        if(cell == null){
            return cellValue;
        }
        //如果当前单元格内容为日期类型，需要特殊处理
        String dataFormatString = cell.getCellStyle().getDataFormatString();
        if(dataFormatString.equals("m/d/yy")){
            cellValue = new SimpleDateFormat(DATE_FORMAT).format(cell.getDateCellValue());
            return cellValue;
        }
        //把数字当成String来读，避免出现1读成1.0的情况
        if(cell.getCellType() == Cell.CELL_TYPE_NUMERIC){
            cell.setCellType(Cell.CELL_TYPE_STRING);
        }
        //判断数据的类型
        switch (cell.getCellType()){
            case Cell.CELL_TYPE_NUMERIC: //数字
                cellValue = String.valueOf(cell.getNumericCellValue());
                break;
            case Cell.CELL_TYPE_STRING: //字符串
                cellValue = String.valueOf(cell.getStringCellValue());
                break;
            case Cell.CELL_TYPE_BOOLEAN: //Boolean
                cellValue = String.valueOf(cell.getBooleanCellValue());
                break;
            case Cell.CELL_TYPE_FORMULA: //公式
                cellValue = String.valueOf(cell.getCellFormula());
                break;
            case Cell.CELL_TYPE_BLANK: //空值
                cellValue = "";
                break;
            case Cell.CELL_TYPE_ERROR: //故障
                cellValue = "非法字符";
                break;
            default:
                cellValue = "未知类型";
                break;
        }
        return cellValue;
    }
}

Controller

@RestController
@RequestMapping("/ordersetting")
pulic class EsController{
    
    @Autowried
    private EsService EaService
    
    //Excel文件上传，并解析文件内容到数据库
    @RequestMapping("/upload")
    public Result upload(@RequestParam("excelFile") MultipartFile excelFile){
        try{
            //读取Excel文件数据
            List<String[]> list = POIUtils.readExcel(excelFile);
            if(list != null && list.size() > 0){
                List<OrderSetting> orderSettingList = new ArraList<>();
                for(String[] string : list){
                    OrderSetting orderSetting = new OrderSetting(new Date(string[0]),Integer.parseInt(string[1]));
                    orderSettingList.add(orderSetting);
                }
                EaService.add(orderSettingList);
                return new Result(true,Message.SUCCESS);
            }
        }catch (Exception e){
            e.printStackTrance();
        }
        return new Result(false,Message.FALL);
    }
}

Service

public interface EsService{
    public void add(List<OrderSetting> orderSettingList);
}

ServiceImp

@Service(interfaceClass = EsService.class)
@Service
public class EsServiceImp{
    @Autowried
    private EsDao esDao;
    
    //批量添加
    public void add(List<OrderSetting> list){
        if(list != null && list.size() > 0){
            for(OrderSetting orderSetting : list){
                //检查此数据是否存在
                long count = orderSettingDao.findCountByOrderDate(orderSetting.getOrderDate());
                if(count > 0){
                    //存在,执行更新操作
                    esDao.editNumberByOrderDate(orderSetting);
                }else{
                    //不存在，执行添加操作
                    esDao.add(orderSetting);
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

DAO接口

public interface EsDao{
    public long findCountByOrderDate(Date orderDate);
    public void editNumberByOrderDate(OrderSetting orderSetting);
    public void add(OrderSetting orderSetting);
}

Mapper 映射文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?> <!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd" > 
<mapper namespace="com.ambition.dao.EsDao" > 
    //新增
    <insert id="add" parameterType="com.ambition.pojo.OrderSetting">
        insert into t_ordersetting
            (orderDate,number,reservations)
                    values
            (#{orderDate},#{number},#{reservations})
    </insert>
    //根据日期更新预约人数
    <update id="editNumberByOrderDate" parameterType="com.ambition.pojo.OrderSetting">
        update t_ordersetting set number = #{number} where orderDate = #{orderDate}
    </update>
    //根据预约日期查询
    <select id="findCountByOrderDate" parameterType="java.util.Date" resultType="long">
        select count(*) from t_ordersetting where orderDate=#{orderDate}
    <select>
</mapper>

最后，这也是小弟第一次写博客，有啥问题欢迎留言，谢谢大家的观看！