启动Jenkins时提示Starting Jenkins bash: /usr/bin/java: No such file or directory

项目场景：

通过rpm安装Jenkins后进行启动

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问题描述

使用systemctl start jenkins.service启动Jenkins时提示:

Job for jenkins.service failed because the control process exited with error code. See "systemctl status jenkins.service" and "journalctl -xe" for details.

systemctl status jenkins.service返回信息如下：

● jenkins.service - LSB: Jenkins Automation Server
   Loaded: loaded (/etc/rc.d/init.d/jenkins; bad; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: failed (Result: exit-code) since Tue 2022-05-24 11:40:22 CST; 2min 27s ago
     Docs: man:systemd-sysv-generator(8)
  Process: 3912 ExecStart=/etc/rc.d/init.d/jenkins start (code=exited, status=1/FAILURE)

May 24 11:40:22 VM-4-13-centos systemd[1]: Starting LSB: Jenkins Automation Server...
May 24 11:40:22 VM-4-13-centos runuser[3918]: pam_unix(runuser:session): session opened for user jenkins by (uid=0)
May 24 11:40:22 VM-4-13-centos jenkins[3912]: Starting Jenkins bash: /usr/bin/java: No such file or directory
May 24 11:40:22 VM-4-13-centos runuser[3918]: pam_unix(runuser:session): session closed for user jenkins
May 24 11:40:22 VM-4-13-centos jenkins[3912]: [FAILED]
May 24 11:40:22 VM-4-13-centos systemd[1]: jenkins.service: control process exited, code=exited status=1
May 24 11:40:22 VM-4-13-centos systemd[1]: Failed to start LSB: Jenkins Automation Server.
May 24 11:40:22 VM-4-13-centos systemd[1]: Unit jenkins.service entered failed state.
May 24 11:40:22 VM-4-13-centos systemd[1]: jenkins.service failed.

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原因分析：

Jenkins启动时需要Jdk环境，返回信息中提示无法找到/usr/bin/java文件或目录。
查阅相关资料发现Jenkins在没有修改配置文件时启动，会默认去找指定目录下的Java执行文件。

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解决方案：

解决方案分为两种，选取其中一种即可解决问题。

方式一：通过命令安装Jdk，这里使用的是yum进行安装。

yum install java-1.8.0-openjdk* -y

方式二： 自定义安装的Jdk安装后需要进行相应处理

处理方式同样分为两种，选取其中一种即可解决问题。

1. 通过修改/etc/init.d/jenkins，让Jenkins识别到安装的Java执行文件。

   vi /etc/init.d/jenkins
   

   在candidates中添加自定义安装的Jdk路径

   candidates="
   /etc/alternatives/java
   /usr/lib/jvm/java-1.8.0/bin/java
   /usr/lib/jvm/jre-1.8.0/bin/java
   /usr/lib/jvm/java-1.7.0/bin/java
   /usr/lib/jvm/jre-1.7.0/bin/java
   /usr/lib/jvm/java-11.0/bin/java
   /usr/lib/jvm/jre-11.0/bin/java
   /usr/lib/jvm/java-11-openjdk-amd64
   /usr/bin/java
   
   # Jdk目录下bin/java文件
   /usr/local/jdk1.8/bin/java
   "
   

2. 创建软链接

   ln -s Jdk目录下bin/java文件 /usr/bin/java