ES6中正则的扩展加入了后行断言的方案

最新推荐文章于 2023-06-01 11:07:23 发布

㼛思雨

最新推荐文章于 2023-06-01 11:07:23 发布

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分类专栏： Javascript 文章标签： javascript

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_45147894/article/details/107651879

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本文介绍了JavaScript中的正则扩展——后行断言（Lookbehind Assertions），包括正向和负向后行断言的用法，以及它们在匹配过程中的工作原理。文中还探讨了在实现后行断言时可能遇到的问题，如组匹配和反斜杠引用的行为变化。

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javascript中语言的正则表达式只支持先行断言（lookhead）和先行否定断言。不支持后行断言和后行断言，目前，有一个提案，这个提案是github一位叫做 Gorkem Yakin, Nozomu Katō的大神提出的，并被ES组织录入标准！

以下是原文：

RegExp Lookbehind Assertions

Authors: Gorkem Yakin, Nozomu Katō

Introduction

Lookarounds are zero-width assertions that match a string without consuming anything. ECMAScript has lookahead assertions that does this in forward direction, but the language is missing a way to do this backward which the lookbehind assertions provide. With lookbehind assertions, one can make sure that a pattern is or isn't preceded by another, e.g. matching a dollar amount without capturing the dollar sign.

High Level API

There are two versions of lookbehind assertions: positive and negative.

Positive lookbehind assertions are denoted as (?<=...) and they ensure that the pattern contained within precedes the pattern following the assertion. For example, if one wants to match a dollar amount without capturing the dollar sign, /(?<=\$)\d+(\.\d*)?/ can be used, matching '$10.53' and returning '10.53'. This, however, wouldn't match €10.53.

Negative lookbehind assertions are denoted as (?<!...) and, on the other hand, make sure that the pattern within doesn't precede the pattern following the assertion. For example, /(?<!\$)\d+(?:\.\d*)/ wouldn't match '$10.53', but would '€10.53'.

All regular expression patterns, even unbounded ones, are allowed as part of lookbehind assertions. Therefore