SSM框架整合
1、数据库环境
创建一个存放书籍数据的数据库表
CREATE DATABASE `ssmbuild`;
USE `ssmbuild`;
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `books`;
CREATE TABLE `books` (
`bookID` INT(10) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '书id',
`bookName` VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL COMMENT '书名',
`bookCounts` INT(11) NOT NULL COMMENT '数量',
`detail` VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL COMMENT '描述',
KEY `bookID` (`bookID`)
) ENGINE=INNODB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8
INSERT INTO `books`(`bookID`,`bookName`,`bookCounts`,`detail`)VALUES
(1,'Java',1,'从入门到放弃'),
(2,'MySQL',10,'从删库到跑路'),
(3,'Linux',5,'从进门到进牢');
2、基本环境搭建
1、新建一个maven项目！ ssmbuild。添加web支持！
2、在pom.xml中导入依赖
<!--依赖:Junit.数据库驱动，连接池，servlet，jsp-->
<dependencies>
<!--junit-->
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.12</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<!--数据库驱动-->
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>5.1.47</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<!--数据库连接池 c3p0:dbcp-->
<groupId>com.mchange</groupId>
<artifactId>c3p0</artifactId>
<version>0.9.5.5</version>
</dependency>
<!--servlet-jsp-->
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>2.5</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
<artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
<version>2.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
<version>1.2</version>
</dependency>
<!--Mybatis-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
<version>3.5.6</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
<version>2.0.6</version>
</dependency>
<!--Spring-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>5.3.5</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
<version>5.2.13.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
3、在pom.xml中添加一下代码防止静态资源导出问题：
<build>
<resources>
<resource>
<directory>src/main/java</directory>
<includes>
<include>**/*.properties</include>
<include>**/*.xml</include>
</includes>
<filtering>false</filtering>
</resource>
<resource>
<directory>src/main/resources</directory>
<includes>
<include>**/*.properties</include>
<include>**/*.xml</include>
</includes>
<filtering>false</filtering>
</resource>
</resources>
</build>
4、建立基本结构和配置框架！
-
com.lxx.pojo
-
com.lxx.dao
-
com.lxx.service
-
com.lxx.controller
-
mybatis-config.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?> <!DOCTYPE configuration PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd"> <configuration> </configuration> -
applicationContext.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd"> </beans>
3、MyBatis层编写
1、在resource 中新建数据库配置文件 database.properties
jdbc.driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
#如果使用的是MySQL8.0+,增加一个时区的配置；&serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghai
jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/ssmbuild?useSSL=true&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8
jdbc.username=root
jdbc.password=123
2、IDEA关联数据库
3、编写数据库对应实体类 com.lxx.pojo.Books
使用lombok插件！(在pom.xml中添加依赖)
[^那么lombok到底是个什么呢，lombok是一个可以通过简单的注解的形式来帮助我们简化消除一些必须有但显得很臃肿的 Java 代码的工具，简单来说，比如我们新建了一个类，然后在其中写了几个字段，然后通常情况下我们需要手动去建立getter和setter方法啊，构造函数啊之类的，lombok的作用就是为了省去我们手动创建这些代码的麻烦，它能够在我们编译源码的时候自动帮我们生成这些方法。lombok能够达到的效果就是在源码中不需要写一些通用的方法，但是在编译生成的字节码文件中会帮我们生成这些方法，这就是lombok的神奇作用。虽然有人可能会说IDE里面都自带自动生成这些方法的功能，但是使用lombok会使你的代码看起来更加简洁，写起来也更加方便。]:
<!--lombok-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
<version>1.16.22</version>
</dependency>
package com.lxx.pojo;
import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;
@Data
@NoArgsConstructor
@AllArgsConstructor
public class Books {
private int bookID;
private String bookName;
private int bookCounts;
private String detail;
}
4、编写Dao层的Mapper接口
package com.lxx.dao;
import com.lxx.pojo.Books;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Param;
import java.util.List;
public interface BookMapper {
//增加一本书
int addBook(Books books);
//删除一本书
int deleteBookById(@Param("bookID") int id);
//更新一本书
int updateBook(Books books);
//查询一本书
Books queryBookById(@Param("bookID") int id);
//查询全部的书
List<Books> getAllBook();
}
5、编写接口对应的Mapper.xml。需要导入MyBatis的包：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.lxx.dao.BookMapper">
<!--增加一本书-->
<insert id="addBook" parameterType="Books">
insert into ssmbuild.books(bookName, bookCounts, detail) VALUES
(#{bookName},#{bookCounts},#{detail});
</insert>
<!--根据id删除一本书-->
<delete id="deleteBookById" parameterType="int">
delete from ssmbuild.books where bookID=#{bookID}
</delete>
<!--更新Book-->
<update id="updateBook" parameterType="Books">
update ssmbuild.books set bookName=#{bookName},bookCounts=#{bookCounts},
detail=#{detail} where bookID=#{bookID};
</update>
<!--根据id查询，返回一个Book-->
<select id="queryBookById" parameterType="int" resultType="Books">
select * from ssmbuild.books where bookID=#{bookID};
</select>
<!--查询所有书-->
<select id="getAllBook" resultType="Books">
select * from ssmbuild.books;
</select>
</mapper>
【注：写好Mapper.xml后不要忘记去MyBatis核心配置文件中添加映射—>绑定到配置文件中】
6、编写MyBatis的核心配置文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<!--configuration核心配置文件-->
<configuration>
<!--配置数据源，交给Spring去做-->
<!--设置别名-->
<typeAliases>
<package name="com.lxx.pojo"/>
</typeAliases>
<mappers>
<mapper resource="com/lxx/dao/BookMapper.xml"></mapper>
</mappers>
</configuration>
7、编写Service层的接口和实现类
接口：
package com.lxx.service;
import com.lxx.pojo.Books;
import java.util.List;
public interface BookService {
//增加一本书
int addBook(Books books);
//删除一本书
int deleteBookById( int id);
//更新一本书
int updateBook(Books books);
//查询一本书
Books queryBookById( int id);
//查询全部的书
List<Books> getAllBook();
}
实现类：
package com.lxx.service;
import com.lxx.dao.BookMapper;
import com.lxx.pojo.Books;
import java.util.List;
public class BookServiceImpl implements BookService{
//service层调用dao层
private BookMapper bookMapper;
public void setBookMapper(BookMapper bookMapper) {
this.bookMapper = bookMapper;
}
public int addBook(Books books) {
return bookMapper.addBook(books);
}
public int deleteBookById(int id) {
return bookMapper.deleteBookById(id);
}
public int updateBook(Books books) {
return bookMapper.updateBook(books);
}
public Books queryBookById(int id) {
return bookMapper.queryBookById(id);
}
public List<Books> getAllBook() {
return bookMapper.getAllBook();
}
}
[^ok 到此MyBatis层的操作编写完毕！]: 【ok 到此MyBatis层的操作编写完毕！】
4、Spring层编写
1、配置Spring整合MyBatis，我们这 里数据源使用c3p0连接池；
2、去编写Spring整合Mybatis的相关配置文件：spring-dao.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
<!--配置整合mybatis-->
<!--1、关联数据库配置文件-->
<context:property-placeholder location="classpath:database.properties"/>
<!--2、连接池
连接池就是为了避免重复多次的打开数据库连接而造成的性能的下降和系统资源的浪费。
dbcp:半自动化操作，不能自动连接
c3p0:自动化操作（自动化的加载配置文件，并且可以自动配置到对象中！）
druid:
hikari:
-->
<bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
<property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driver}"/>
<property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.url}"/>
<property name="user" value="${jdbc.username}"/>
<property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"/>
<!--c3p0连接池的私有属性-->
<property name="maxPoolSize" value="30"/>
<property name="minPoolSize" value="10"/>
<!--关闭连接后不自动提交-->
<property name="autoCommitOnClose" value="false"/>
<!--获取连接超时时间-->
<property name="checkoutTimeout" value="10000"/>
<!--当获取连接失败重试次数-->
<property name="acquireRetryAttempts" value="2"/>
</bean>
<!--3、配置SqlSessionFactory对象-->
<bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
<!--注入数据连接池-->
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
<!--绑定MyBatis全局配置文件：mybatis-config.xml 这样就把spring和mybatis连接起来了-->
<property name="configLocation" value="classpath:mybatis-config.xml"/>
<!--mapper中每个mapper.xml写好后都需要在mybatis配置文件中添加映射，但是整合mybatis放在这里就行了-->
<property name="mapperLocations" value="classpath:com/lxx/dao/*.xml"/>
</bean>
<!--4、配置扫描Dao接口包，动态实现Dao接口注入到spring容器中 一种新的方式，不需要写mapperimpl实现类 企业常用·-->
<!--解释 ：https://www.cnblogs.com/jpfss/p/7799806.html-->
<bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
<!--注入sqlSessionFactory-->
<property name="sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value="sqlSessionFactory"/>
<!--给出需要扫描的Dao接口-->
<property name="basePackage" value="com.lxx.dao"/>
</bean>
</beans>
3、去编写spring-service.xml配置文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
<!--1、扫描service下的包-->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.lxx.service"/>
<!--2、将我们的所有业务类，注入到spring中，可以通过注解，或者配置实现-->
<bean id="bookServiceImpl" class="com.lxx.service.BookServiceImpl">
<property name="bookMapper" ref="bookMapper"/>
</bean>
<!--3、声明式事务配置-->
<bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
</bean>
</beans>
4、配置web.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
version="4.0">
<!--1.注册DispatcherServlet-->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>SpringMVC</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<!--2.关联SpringMVC的配置文件-->
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<!--启动顺序，数字越小，启动越早-->
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>SpringMVC</servlet-name>
<!--所有的请求都会被SpringMVC拦截-->
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<!--乱码过滤-->
<filter>
<filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>encoding</param-name>
<param-value>utf-8</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
<!--Session过期时间-->
<session-config>
<session-timeout>15</session-timeout>
</session-config>
</web-app>
5、配置springmvc-servlet.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
https://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">
<!--1、注解驱动-->
<mvc:annotation-driven/>
<!--2、静态资源过滤-->
<mvc:default-servlet-handler/>
<!--3、扫描包：controller-->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.lxx.controller"/>
<!--4、视图解析器-->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver" id="InternalResourceViewResolver">
<!--前缀-->
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"/>
<!--后缀-->
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
</bean>
</beans>
6、Spring整合配置文件 applicationContext.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
<import resource="classpath:spring-dao.xml"/>
<import resource="classpath:spring-service.xml"/>
<import resource="classpath:springmvc-servlet.xml"/>
</beans>
7、BookController类编写，方法一：查询全部书籍
package com.lxx.controller;
import com.lxx.pojo.Books;
import com.lxx.service.BookService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import java.util.List;
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/book")
public class BookController {
//controller层调用service层
@Autowired
@Qualifier("bookServiceImpl")
private BookService bookService;
//查询全部的书籍，并且返回到一个书籍展示页面
@RequestMapping("/allBook")
public String list(Model model){
List<Books> list = bookService.getAllBook();
model.addAttribute("list",list);
return "allBook";
}
}
8、编写首页index.jsp
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>首页</title>
<style type="text/css">
a{
text-decoration: none;
color: black;
font-size: 18px;
}
h3{
width: 180px;
height: 38px;
margin: 100px auto;
text-align: center;
line-height: 38px;
background: deepskyblue;
border-radius: 4px;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h3><a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/allBook">点击进入列表页</a> </h3>
</body>
</html>
9、书籍列表页面allbook.jsp
<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>书籍列表</title>
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<!-- 引入 Bootstrap -->
<link href="https://cdn.bootcss.com/bootstrap/3.3.7/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
</head>
<body>
<div class="container">
<div class="row clearfix">
<div class="col-md-12 column">
<div class="page-header">
<h1>
<small>书籍列表 —— 显示所有书籍</small>
</h1>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="col-md-4 column">
<a class="btn btn-primary" href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/toAddBook">新增</a>
</div>
</div>
<div class="row clearfix">
<div class="col-md-12 column">
<table class="table table-hover table-striped">
<thead>
<tr>
<th>书籍编号</th>
<th>书籍名字</th>
<th>书籍数量</th>
<th>书籍详情</th>
<th>操作</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<c:forEach var="book" items="${requestScope.get('list')}">
<tr>
<td>${book.getBookID()}</td>
<td>${book.getBookName()}</td>
<td>${book.getBookCounts()}</td>
<td>${book.getDetail()}</td>
<td>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/toUpdateBook?id=${book.getBookID()}">更改</a> |
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/del/${book.getBookID()}">删除</a>
</td>
</tr>
</c:forEach>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
10、排除错误思路
问题：bean不存在
步骤：
1、查看这个bean注入是否成功！ok
2、Junit单元测试，看我们的代码是否能够查询出来结果！ok
3、问题，一定不再我们的底层，是spring出了问题！
4、springmvc，整合的时候没有调到我们的service层的bean
1、applicationContext.xml没有注入bean
2、web.xml中，我们也绑定过配置文件！发现问题，我们配置的是springmvc-servlet.xml
这里面确实没有service层的bean。
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