看不懂的我抽空来补充完整
开心！！之前这个我一直没背下来，现在摸到石头边了
以纵向分量为领向矢量
[
E
u
E
v
H
u
H
v
]
=
1
K
c
2
[
−
γ
0
0
−
j
ω
μ
0
−
γ
j
ω
μ
0
0
j
ω
ϵ
−
γ
0
−
j
ω
ϵ
0
0
−
γ
]
[
∂
E
z
h
1
∂
u
∂
E
z
h
2
∂
v
∂
H
z
h
1
∂
u
∂
H
z
h
2
∂
v
]
\left[ \begin{array}{cccc} E_{u}\\ E_{v}\\ H_{u}\\ H_{v} \end{array} \right ]= \frac{1}{K_c^2} \left[ \begin{array}{cccc} -\gamma& 0 & 0 & {-j\omega\mu}\\ 0& -\gamma &j\omega \mu &0\\ 0& j\omega\epsilon &-\gamma&0 \\ -j\omega \epsilon& 0 &0 &-\gamma \end{array} \right ] \left[ \begin{array}{cccc} \frac{\partial E_z}{h_1\partial u}\\ \frac{\partial E_z}{h_2\partial v}\\ \frac{\partial H_z}{h_1\partial u} \\ \frac{\partial H_z}{h_2\partial v} \end{array} \right ]
⎣⎢⎢⎡EuEvHuHv⎦⎥⎥⎤=Kc21⎣⎢⎢⎡−γ00−jωϵ0−γjωϵ00jωμ−γ0−jωμ00−γ⎦⎥⎥⎤⎣⎢⎢⎢⎡h1∂u∂Ezh2∂v∂Ezh1∂u∂Hzh2∂v∂Hz⎦⎥⎥⎥⎤
矩形波导的情况就是
u
=
x
,
v
=
y
h
1
=
1
,
h
2
=
1
u=x,\quad v=y\\ h_1=1,\quad h_2=1
u=x,v=yh1=1,h2=1
圆波导的情况就是
u
=
r
,
v
=
φ
h
1
=
1
,
h
2
=
r
u=r,\quad v=\varphi\\ h_1=1,\quad h_2=r
u=r,v=φh1=1,h2=r
波导，纵向分量为领向矢量
矩形波导
T
E
m
n
TE_{mn}
TEmn
H
z
=
H
0
cos
(
m
π
a
x
)
cos
(
n
π
b
y
)
e
−
j
β
z
E
z
=
0
H_z=H_0\cos(\frac{m\pi}{a}x)\cos(\frac{n\pi}{b}y)e^{-j\beta z}\\ E_z=0
Hz=H0cos(amπx)cos(bnπy)e−jβzEz=0
矩形波导
T
M
m
n
TM_{mn}
TMmn
E
z
=
E
0
sin
(
m
π
a
x
)
sin
(
n
π
b
y
)
e
−
j
β
z
H
z
=
0
E_z=E_0\sin(\frac{m\pi}{a}x)\sin(\frac{n\pi}{b}y)e^{-j\beta z}\\ H_z=0
Ez=E0sin(amπx)sin(bnπy)e−jβzHz=0
圆波导
T
E
m
n
TE_{mn}
TEmn
H
z
=
H
0
J
m
(
K
c
r
)
sin
(
m
φ
)
c
o
s
(
m
φ
)
e
−
j
β
z
E
z
=
0
H_z=H_0J_m(K_cr)\mathop{}\limits_{\sin(m\varphi)}^{cos(m\varphi)}e^{-j\beta z}\\ E_z=0
Hz=H0Jm(Kcr)sin(mφ)cos(mφ)e−jβzEz=0
圆波导
T
M
m
n
TM_{mn}
TMmn
E
z
=
E
0
J
m
(
K
c
r
)
sin
(
m
φ
)
c
o
s
(
m
φ
)
e
−
j
β
z
H
z
=
0
E_z=E_0J_m(K_cr)\mathop{}\limits_{\sin(m\varphi)}^{cos(m\varphi)}e^{-j\beta z}\\ H_z=0
Ez=E0Jm(Kcr)sin(mφ)cos(mφ)e−jβzHz=0
如果是谐振腔的话公式也很像。
4个
−
γ
-\gamma
−γ都变成
∂
∂
z
\frac{\partial}{\partial z}
∂z∂
[ E u E v H u H v ] = 1 K c 2 [ ∂ ∂ z 0 0 − j ω μ 0 ∂ ∂ z j ω μ 0 0 j ω ϵ ∂ ∂ z 0 − j ω ϵ 0 0 ∂ ∂ z ] [ ∂ E z h 1 ∂ u ∂ E z h 2 ∂ v ∂ H z h 1 ∂ u ∂ H z h 2 ∂ v ] \left[ \begin{array}{cccc} E_{u}\\ E_{v}\\ H_{u}\\ H_{v} \end{array} \right ]= \frac{1}{K_c^2} \left[ \begin{array}{cccc} \frac{\partial}{\partial z}& 0 & 0 & {-j\omega\mu}\\ 0& \frac{\partial}{\partial z} &j\omega \mu &0\\ 0& j\omega\epsilon &\frac{\partial}{\partial z}&0 \\ -j\omega \epsilon& 0 &0 &\frac{\partial}{\partial z} \end{array} \right ] \left[ \begin{array}{cccc} \frac{\partial E_z}{h_1\partial u}\\ \frac{\partial E_z}{h_2\partial v}\\ \frac{\partial H_z}{h_1\partial u} \\ \frac{\partial H_z}{h_2\partial v} \end{array} \right ] ⎣⎢⎢⎡EuEvHuHv⎦⎥⎥⎤=Kc21⎣⎢⎢⎡∂z∂00−jωϵ0∂z∂jωϵ00jωμ∂z∂0−jωμ00∂z∂⎦⎥⎥⎤⎣⎢⎢⎢⎡h1∂u∂Ezh2∂v∂Ezh1∂u∂Hzh2∂v∂Hz⎦⎥⎥⎥⎤
谐振腔，纵向分量为领向矢量
矩形谐振腔，
T
M
m
n
p
TM_{mnp}
TMmnp
E
z
=
2
E
0
sin
(
m
π
a
x
)
sin
(
n
π
b
y
)
cos
(
p
π
l
z
)
H
z
=
0
E_z=2E_0\sin(\frac{m\pi}{a}x)\sin(\frac{n\pi}{b}y)\cos(\frac{p\pi}{l}z)\\ H_z=0
Ez=2E0sin(amπx)sin(bnπy)cos(lpπz)Hz=0
矩形谐振腔，
T
E
m
n
p
TE_{mnp}
TEmnp
H
z
=
−
2
j
H
0
cos
(
m
π
a
x
)
cos
(
n
π
b
y
)
sin
(
p
π
l
z
)
E
z
=
0
H_z=-2j H_0\cos(\frac{m\pi}{a}x)\cos(\frac{n\pi}{b}y)\sin(\frac{p\pi}{l}z)\\ E_z=0
Hz=−2jH0cos(amπx)cos(bnπy)sin(lpπz)Ez=0
圆形谐振腔，
T
M
m
n
p
TM_{mnp}
TMmnp
E
z
=
2
E
0
J
m
(
K
c
r
)
sin
(
m
φ
)
c
o
s
(
m
φ
)
cos
(
p
π
l
z
)
H
z
=
0
E_z=2E_0 J_m(K_c r)\mathop{}\limits_{\sin(m\varphi)}^{cos(m\varphi)}\cos(\frac{p\pi}{l}z)\\ H_z=0
Ez=2E0Jm(Kcr)sin(mφ)cos(mφ)cos(lpπz)Hz=0
圆形谐振腔，
T
E
m
n
p
TE_{mnp}
TEmnp
H
z
=
−
2
j
H
0
J
m
(
K
c
r
)
sin
(
m
φ
)
c
o
s
(
m
φ
)
sin
(
p
π
l
z
)
E
z
=
0
H_z=-2j H_0 J_m(K_c r)\mathop{}\limits_{\sin(m\varphi)}^{cos(m\varphi)}\sin(\frac{p\pi}{l}z)\\ E_z=0
Hz=−2jH0Jm(Kcr)sin(mφ)cos(mφ)sin(lpπz)Ez=0
其他的
另一个有意思的是Lorentz变换矩阵，虽然用的频率低，但是结构很漂亮
(
x
y
z
i
c
t
)
=
(
γ
0
0
i
β
γ
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
−
i
β
γ
0
0
γ
)
(
x
′
y
′
z
′
i
c
t
′
)
\left(\begin{array}{c} x \\ y \\ z \\ i c t \end{array}\right)=\left(\begin{array}{cccc} \gamma & 0 & 0 & i \beta \gamma \\ 0 & 1 & 0 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 1 & 0 \\ -i \beta \gamma & 0 & 0 & \gamma \end{array}\right)\left(\begin{array}{c} x^{\prime} \\ y^{\prime} \\ z^{\prime} \\ i c t^{\prime} \end{array}\right)
⎝⎜⎜⎛xyzict⎠⎟⎟⎞=⎝⎜⎜⎛γ00−iβγ01000010iβγ00γ⎠⎟⎟⎞⎝⎜⎜⎛x′y′z′ict′⎠⎟⎟⎞
其中，
β
:
=
u
c
,
γ
:
=
1
1
−
β
2
\beta:=\frac{u}{c}, \quad \gamma:=\frac{1}{\sqrt{1-\beta^{2}}}
β:=cu,γ:=1−β21
Lorentz矩阵是个正交矩阵，
A
−
1
=
A
T
A^{-1}=A^T
A−1=AT
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